Umlando Ilandelela iphepha

Leli phephandaba wavela kubantu isikhathi eside, ukubhala umsuka ezikhathini zasendulo. Yebo, futhi izihloko lephepha tracings kwafeza lukhulu. Uma sithatha nomqondo self - iphepha kufunwe, kuvele kusukela French elithi "calque", okusho ukuthi ikhophi. Ngempela, iphepha kufunwe yasetshenziselwa Kudala ekhulwini le-17, abaklami onjiniyela kanye nezinye ubuchwepheshe, enombono ukucutshungulwa (ikhophi) imidwebo, imidwebo ehlukahlukene nezakhiwo yabasebenzi. Akubuzwa, okokusebenza yesithakazelo esikhulu labaqeqeshi. Phela copiers ngalezo zinsuku kwakungasebenzeki kuphela esetshenziswa kufunwe iphepha futhi bokusebenza komuntu wasakha ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Emakhulwini eminyaka baye badlula, ubuchwepheshe savela. Kwakukhona ezihlukahlukene uhlelo design abasizwa-computer kanye umqondo welithi "ngesandla Umdwebo" uyekile kube lusizo. Ukulandelela wephepha inki isetshenzisiwe neze, njengakuqala, kodwa ithole isicelo yayo ukuphrinta digital. I izakhiwo emangalisayo iphepha kufunwe, ezifana obala kanye high density ukwenza kube Irreplaceable kwezinye izindawo mboni. Awukwazi ucabange, isibonelo, ukopishe noma imuphi umfanekiso, ngisho digital, ngaphandle ukunqwabelanisa. A inhlobo indlela "wawushiywe yisikhathi" ithola impilo entsha kuphela. Ukukhuluma kufunwe iphepha nge-inki - it is a indlela enjalo eziyisisekelo isicelo ayo, ilungele uthathelwe ke njengoba imidwebo likayinki imidvwebo yinkimbinkimbi nelula. I-high density we impahla kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukhulume lokubhala izinga, kanye ukwaneliseka ephelele kunayo nezidingo e eliphezulu esikhumba esithambile iphepha ngenani lentengo elikahle. Ngenxa elilungile intengo / izinga ratio futhi yokusebenza kwalo ngezindlela eziningi Leningrad sokulandela ™ yiyona kangcono le njongo. Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa walo kwakunezilinganiso izicelo ezifana namazinga sezenhlalo ngaphezulu ikhwalithi eziphambili kakhulu ukukhiqizwa iphepha ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kwasenza sakwazi ukuthola eliphezulu kodwa zamanani aphansi jikelele-njongo kufunwe ephepheni.

Isici esiyinhloko kufunwe iphepha - obala, njengoba sekushiwo, kungenxa yakhe, yena uyathandwa embonini umthengi manje futhi ngonyaka odlule. Quality iphepha kufunwe kungenziwa ngokuthi lula - lokhu kufunwe Leningrad ™, ukwanelisa zonke izidingo namazinga isimo obala futhi mechanical izici eziphawula umkhiqizo ezifana esikhumba esithambile ephepheni. Ngesikhathi isisetshenziswa kuyinto ngokuqhathanisa isici Gostovskaya tracings naseLeningrad ™, elibonisa ukuthi ukuba ukujiya ngaphezulu (futhi ngalesosizathu kwabantu ephakeme kanye namandla), akusiyo eliphansi in obala. Kube wabuye watshela lapho ukuthenga kufunwe Ngakho lapha, inkomba eyinhloko izinga kugcinwa ezingeni elifanele, sibonga izindlela zanamuhla kwezobuchwepheshe.