Ukuma we izici zendawo: izindlela nezibonelo

Umuntu uya ehlathini, kumele wazi indlela ukunquma ohlangothini umkhathizwe. Orienteering - kuyikhono usizo kakhulu, ngoba emahlathini Russian kulula kakhulu ulahleke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo engenamsebenzi uthembele izindlela zokuxhumana zanamuhla, ngoba ezindaweni eziningi akunakuphela inethiwekhi.

Ungesabi

Izindlela onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke orientation - kwezindikimba zasezulwini: iLanga, iNyanga noma yaseNyakatho. Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungenzeka ukusizakala ngabo. Ngokuvamile ukuvimbela obukhulu amafu ongaphakeme. Kulokhu, udinga ukwazi ua izici zemvelo zendawo.

Zonke izindlela ezinikezwe ukuqeqeshwa izincwadi ezikhethekile, kuboniswe ifomu nehaba futhi kuthathwe ezimweni ezikahle. Iqiniso liwukuthi eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu zingase kuyaphikisana, kule ihlathi kukhona izinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezinomthelela lezi zici: impumuzo, izimo zezulu, umoya, njll Ngakho-ke, lo muntu ngisho nokwazi ngekhanda zonke izindlela zabantwana orientation izici zendawo, kunzima kakhulu ngendlela efanele ukunquma ikhampasi.

imithetho eyisisekelo

Lokho esimweni esiphuthumayo, musa fufutheka dlela, udinga ukuqeqeshwa. Ungafunda futhi ngokuzimela: Umuntu wokuqala inquma lapho enyakatho, eningizimu, empumalanga nasentshonalanga, eqondiswa ezihlukahlukene izici zemvelo bese ihlola yena phezu ikhampasi.

Abantu abahlala imvelo noma ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle amadolobha baye basungula umuzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi abakwazi ukuthola indlela ukukhuluma mayelana izizathu zesinqumo sakhe, kodwa kuyiqiniso. Iqiniso ukuthi ngokuvamile bancike kuphela amandla akho observation, futhi ihlanganisa nokuqeqeshwa, kuphela enganakile. Ngakho-ke uthemba izahlulelo zabantu bendawo kuyazuzisa yini ngempela.

Ua izici zendawo - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. Okokuqala nje kukhona uzodinga ukubekezela. Kunoma ikuphi akunakwenzeka ancike 1-2 ithuba ukubonwa mfanelo. Sinenkosi ukuba okungenani 5.

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile - observation. Akumelwe nje akwazi ukuthola izimpawu, kodwa futhi ukuqhathanisa nabo nge imvelo, ukuze uthole ukuthi lapho nje ukuqondana kwezinto, nalapho - akukho.

Uma ucabanga ngengqondo ehluzekile kuzosiza, sihlukanise ukolweni emakhobeni futhi wenze iziphetho kwesokudla mayelana nendawo emkhathizwe likhuphuka amaqembu.

Ukuchayeka ukushisa nokukhanya kwelanga Izihlahla

Ua izici zendawo engokwemvelo ehlathini kwenziwa isiqondiso enyakatho naseningizimu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umhlaba isitshalo esabelayo kakhulu ukushisa kwelanga. umphumela kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile yokukhanya phezu kwezihlahla, ngakho amadoda ehlathini ngokuvamile ziphendukela ngokunembile lezizibonakaliso.

Ohlangothini eseningizimu namagxolo athambile futhi ulula kunalokhu enyakatho. Kodwa akubona bonke amatshe sobala lokhu ukuncika izihlahla. Ngokuyinhloko kuwufanele ukunaka birch, e-aspen futhi larch. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kwencika usukela ngisho yehlathi eliminyene.

I ihlathi lezihlahla Kulula ukwenza ukuma izici zemvelo: kubalulekile ukuba sijwayelane resin uketshezi ku iziqu. Ohlangothini lwaseningizimu ayinala kakhulu.

Esikhathini Pines emva iziqu imvula amnyama, ke uyayibona eziningi, kodwa hhayi wonke, sinake ukuthi mnyama bona lingama ohlangothini lwasenyakatho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi AmaConifers athuthukile mncane uqweqwe yesibili. Okuningi ngokujulile imfundo yakhe ongasohlangothini shady: lapho mkhulu, ayazika futhi liphakame esiqwini. Lapho isimo sezulu manzi noma kukhona imvula, ke ucosha amanzi, esinobudlova silokhu sanda futhi mnyama. Ngecala langasentla cishe iwe imisebe yelanga, futhi sekuyisikhathi eside amagxolo kube mnyama futhi manzi.

imiphumela Thermal kwamanye izitshalo

Kunezibonelo ezihlukahlukene ukuma we izici zendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, ezimileni.

Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi wona kanye ulele sikhule ohlangothini enyakatho yamadwala nasemigodini izihlahla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izitshalo tene- futhi umswakama-onothando. On the manzi isithunzi ohlangothini moss.

Ungakwazi sinake utshani. Emithambekeni aseningizimu glades kanye ezivulekile emaphethelweni utshani likhula obukhulu, futhi entwasahlobo iza ngaphambili.

Rosa eside uhlala phezu utshani, womuzi wenyukela enyakatho izihlahla. Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo lapha isikhathi eside azigcina ukubukeka fresh.

I amajikijolo bomvu lokuqala, ohlangothini lwaseningizimu, njengoba ke kungaphansi ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside elangeni. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi yokuvuthwa ukusungula lapho enyakatho, akunzima.

Amaphethini kungabonakala kula amakhowe ukhule kanjani. It kuvela ukuthi bakhetha ohlangothini lwasenyakatho.

Nokho, akunakwenzeka lezizibonakaliso liphinyiselwe ngeke ehlathini elicinene, noma kaningi. Ukuma lendawo lapha cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqhuba ngoba cishe ezingabonakali ngenxa isimo sezulu. Ukucinga izimpawu isidingo ku iziza ezingavamile eduze kwensimu. Ngokucace wazibona zonke izimpawu ngenhla ezihlahleni ehlukile. Kodwa ukwethenjwa akunakuba izimpawu angawodwa. Khuluma mayelana yimuphi umumo kungaba izimpawu ehlelekile ezilokhu zivela. Kungcono isikhwama esingumsuka izikhathi eziningana lonke ulwazi.

Izimpawu orientation ehlane

Inzima kakhulu ukuthi zilawule indlela emkhakheni. Nokho, kukhona abasizi. Ua izici zemvelo zendawo kungaba kwenziwe ngosizo ezinye izitshalo.

Field Zikhipha Lutak bakwazi ukusiza nge ekutholweni emkhathizwe likhuphuka amaqembu. Waze ngokuthi - "asemaqeleni ikhampasi." Iqiniso lokuthi amaqabunga ayo ahlelwe zibheka futhi emaphethelweni kuthambekele kanye ohlangothini enyakatho naseningizimu, kanye indiza ayobheka lo entshonalanga nasempumalanga.

Sunflower - omunye umsizi enkulu. Iqiniso lokuthi uwukwenziwa ukushisa-onothando. Ngakho-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi badonsekela ilanga, futhi emini isigqoko imbali iphindwa indlela yakhe. Entathakusa futhi ngasekuqaleni kuka-ubhekilanga ekuseni ayobheka lo empumalanga, emva 12 - kuze kube seningizimu, futhi ngemva kokushona kwelanga - entshonalanga. Yiqiniso, uma kakade abavuthiwe imbewu, wagged ikhanda lakhe engakwenzi lokho, kodwa cap isazoqhubeka iqondiswe eningizimu-mpumalanga.

topographies

Izidleke ngokuvamile itholakala ohlangothini lwaseningizimu esiphunzini noma isihlahla. Base uthola ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe nokushisa. Ngo isiduli esikhulu azimele wodwa kungabonwa ukuthi kahle emthambekeni eseningizimu.

Izimila iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi iluphi uhlangothi ukhula. Ehlathini amadoda izikhathi eziningi kuqashelwe ukuthi emithambekeni aseningizimu ngaphezulu khulula, ngoba kulula ukuba unqamule. Lapha, izihlahla usethe ububanzi ngaphandle, izihlahla ezincane. Nemithambeka embozwe utshani. Ngecala langasentla kunzima kakhulu kangakanani ukuhamba. Lapha ehlathini lukhula aminyene, eziningi notshani utshani, ngokuphambene akwanele.

Ukusabalala zezimila futhi izobamba orientation ngesisekelo izinto zendawo. Nokho, kulezi zici odinga ukukwazi kusengaphambili. Ngokwesibonelo, eningizimu ehlathini ugu ihlanganisa emithambekeni eseningizimu-oki, * ku enyakatho ezikhulayo velvet esihlahleni.

Ngo izigodi gullies futhi has izici zayo siqu. Ngokuvamile uhlangothi bushelelezi futhi akhohlisa zakhe zikhule obuningi. Okuphambene - endaweni epholile, aqhephukile, oluze, ne talus, nezimila kangako noma abangafundile nhlobo. Okokuqala - lokhu luluhlangothi lwaseningizimu, kanti eyesibili - enyakatho.

Uma emithambekeni bheka mayelana efanayo, elingenalutho is ngamakhasimende enyakatho naseningizimu, icala langasezantsi libe ebhekene entshonalanga kuya empumalanga.

ihlathi esobala enokukhanya kwelanga

Uma umuntu elahlekile nabredete ukuhlanzwa, yena lucky kakhulu. Ukuze sithole isiqondiso kuleli cala akunzima. Ua isici sendawo Kulokhu Kulula kakhulu ukubamba. Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ngokwezifiso ukuze wabelane ehlathini ekamu e namahlathi. Kuze kube yimanje, futhi besika esobala enokukhanya kwelanga. Bathandana nalo babuye bathandane usuke entshonalanga uye empumalanga futhi ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu. Ngezinye ezimpambanweni asethwe izingongolo ngekwata. Ingxenye engenhla ka axoxe indlela isici: ngesimo sobuso. Abonisa inani amakota eziphikisanayo. Inombolo 1 isethwe elisenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-zokugcina - eningizimu-mpumalanga. Hhayi ukufuna okuthunyelwe kokuqala, khumbula lo mthetho elula: igebe eliphakathi 2 izinombolo kulencane siyobonisa indlela enyakatho.

Nokho, lo mthetho kukhona okuhlukile: ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, Isula besika ngaphandle sesibopho ukuthobisa amaqembu umkhathizwe. Njengomthetho, kwenta kanjalo kusenta sibe nesimo sendawo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma iyiphi yezakhi kwezomnotho.

ezindaweni

Lapho endleleni ngaphesheya kwalesi sigodi, ngisho abalahliwe, kusenzima a support okuhle kakhulu. Umumo ngesisekelo endaweni lapha lula kakhulu ukubamba. Endaweni yokuqala isithakazelo izakhiwo zenkolo, njengoba zazinjalo orientation okuqinile ukhadinali.

Ngakho, ama-Orthodox e-altare isonto njalo ubhekene ngasempumalanga, lomphotshongo insimbi - entshonalanga. Crosses phezu cupolas zithunyelwa enyakatho nasempumalanga. Kukhona esinye isici. A onqenqemeni trailing we wesitimela phansi ibukeka eningizimu, futhi wakhulela - enyakatho.

zezindela Buddhist zakhelwe phezu olungaphambili lwesonto eningizimu.

Emikhayeni futhi babe ilungiselelo yabo evamile. Ngakho, la maqhugwane okukhipha siqondiswe eningizimu.

On emthambekeni osenyakatho ophahleni futhi odongeni lwendlu olungaphambili ulele livela ngokushesha. Futhi ohlangothini shady ebhodini ngokuvamile mnyama futhi eside ukuhlala olumanzi emva kwemvula.

A imithetho embalwa Orienteering ebusika

Uma zonke izinto embozwe yiqhwa, kunzima kakhulu ukunquma indawo yakho bese uthola ingxenye umkhathizwe. Kodwa ngisho lapha kunezinto eziningi kwemithetho. izindlela orientation zimi kanje:

1. iqhwa Okuningi oluhlala ngasenyakatho izihlahla kanye nezakhiwo.
2. Ohlangothini lwaseningizimu iqala iqhwa elisenyameni ngaphambili, yona le nqubo ngokushesha.
3. Ezintabeni, iqhwa, okokuqala ivela eningizimu.
4. Esikhathini gullies, imihosha, gullies, konke kwenzeka kunalokho. Okokuqala thaws ohlangothini lwasenyakatho.

Ezidukisayo № 1

Kukhona kokubili izici ofakazelwe wokuba orientation, futhi abanye olunembile kakhulu akuzona izindlela ukunquma amaqembu umkhathizwe. Omunye wabo yokuthi emasongweni yonyaka ohlangothini eningizimu sibanti kwendlula enyakatho. Nokho, lesi sici asikwazi kulawulwa, njengoba ke akuyona into engavamile. Ukwanda isihlahla izindandatho singenzeka kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi, futhi ngenxa yalokhu izici eziningi isimo sezwe, isimo sezulu, nje angamandla okukhanya kwelanga. Ubuze besimo lesi simangalo okuye kungase kutholakale iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100 edlule, kodwa uyaphila futhi lisetshenziswa namanje.

Enye inkinga ukuthi zingenzeka uma ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinjalo orientation itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ihlathi cishe engenakwenzeka ukuthola okuningi izihlahla Lihle owagawula, okufanele ukuba kwakumangalisa ngokucacile ukuthi iphethini libonakale. Futhi uma babona umuthi ezindaweni eziningana, kungabonwa ukuthi ububanzi emasongweni yonyaka kungashintshwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiqondiso futhi ubonise ngezinye izikhathi zibheke.

№2 edukisayo

Imizamo ukunquma isiqondiso kwabantu umqhele, futhi, ungaphumelela. Iqiniso liwukuthi yakheke lapho elangeni - hhayi kuphela isici, futhi ngokuqinisekile akusiyo determinative. Ngakho-ke, iqiniso lokuthi umqhele obukhulu ohlangothini lwaseningizimu, kungase kube okungafaneleki. Ehlathini, amagatsha uyohlale zikhule ngendlela lapho kukhona isikhala esithe xaxa. Futhi ezivulekile lunqume kuyoba evelele ovunguzayo isiqondiso. Uma banamandla, ungabona izimisele we ukuchayeka njalo amagatsha. Ubuningi umqhele, kunalokho, uphawu asizayo.

Indlela engcono

Ua izici zendawo akwanele okuthembekile. Imiphumela emihle etholakala ngokuzikhandla ukusetshenziswa mayelana nezinto zasemkhathini ukunquma ohlangothini umkhathizwe. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo indawo yabo.

Ilanga liphuma empumalanga futhi elishona entshonalanga. Emini, kuba eningizimu. Emthunzini emfushane - emahoreni angu-13. It izodluliselwa enyakatho. Uma izulu liguqubele ungazama ukubeka ummese on nail: unesithunzi eyethile asavela, futhi ngeke kube sobala futhi isiqondiso nendawo ilanga.

Ngosizo iwashi zingenza ukunquma ingxenye umkhathizwe. Kulokhu, kufanele uthumele ngesandla ihora ilanga. Phakathi kwaso engela ezakhiwe inani 1, okuyinto ezohlukaniswa ngesigamu. Bisector ibonisa inkomba: phambi eningizimu kuzokwenzeka, futhi ngemva - enyakatho. Ekuseni, i-engeli kuyoba kwesokunxele 1, kanti eyesibili - ngakwesokudla.

North Star e Nenkabazwe yethu senyakatho. Ukuze ukuthole, kuzomele uqale uthole le-Big Dipper. It sifana ebhakedeni ezinkulu. 2 Star Fielder kwesokudla kuyadingeka ukuze udwebe umugqa, ukubeka izikhathi 5 ibanga. Ekugcineni kuzoba polar. Uma ume ebhekene wakhe, kuyoba isiqondiso enyakatho.

Inyanga Ubuye eziningi lwamaphethini sakhiwo. Lapho inyanga igcwele uma kufanisa ke ilanga ngifuna ohlangothini umkhathizwe ngendlela efanayo. Nokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi uyaphikisana inkanyiso enkulu.

Nokulahlekelwa elilwela

Nokho, uma abavakashi elahleka, noma kunjalo, musa ukuqhubeka ushayela. Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ohlangothini umkhathizwe. Umumo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, bese ubuyela emuva ku ezinyathelweni zabo, waya endaweni lapho indawo kwaba ngokuphelele esicacile. Uma sizama ukwenza okungaphezu kwalokhu, ngethemba lokuthi maduze konke uyowela endaweni, ungakwazi ulahleke futhi odidekile nakakhulu. Thola kulokhu kunzima kakhulu.

Uma kuba sobala ukuthi iqembu elahlekile isendleleni, kufanele ngokushesha ayeke bese ubuka ngokucophelela. Hhayi-ke, uma kukhona amagquma aphakeme. Kulokhu, ungakwazi uqalaza bese uqhathanisa endaweni ebonakalayo nge mephu, ungazama ubambe orientation izici zendawo bemvelo.