Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane: izimpawu kanye nokulungisa. ADHD - ukungakwazi ukugxilisa hyperactivity ukugula ngengqondo izingane

Ukunakwa Kusilela Kwemikhuba kuyinto iziyaluyalu ezivamile zezinzwa kokuziphatha. Kwatholakala ukuthi ukuphambuka 5% izingane. Kuvamile kakhulu abafana. Lesi sifo aselapheki, ezimweni eziningi, ingane Imane ikhule. Kodwa zokugula ubalekela ngokuphelele. It kubonakala nokuziphatha kwabantu ngokungafanele, ukucindezeleka, onokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, nezinye izifo. , Izimpawu zazo zivela njengoba ekuseni njengoba iminyaka zasenkulisa ukugwema lokhu, kubalulekile isikhathi ukuxilonga ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane.

Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi evamile Ukuzitika noma ukungabi imikhuba kusuka nokwephula ngempela sokukhula kwengqondo. Enye inkinga ukuthi abazali abaningi abafuni ukuvuma ukuthi ingane yabo iyagula. Bakholelwa ukuthi ukuziphatha engadingeki kuzodlula ngeminyaka. Kodwa umkhankaso onjalo kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina ngoba impilo kanye psyche wengane.

Izimpawu Ukunakwa Kusilela Kwemikhuba

Lokhu ukuphambuka ekuthuthukisweni zezinzwa waqala ukutadisha engu-150 edlule. Othisha nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo baye baqaphela izimpawu ezivamile izingane nezinkinga zokuziphatha futhi emuva kwezemfundo. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi iqembu, lapho ingane nale zokugula akunakwenzeka ukuba ubalekele, ngoba engazinzile ngokomzwelo futhi akakwazi ukuzibamba.

Izazi zesayensi ziye zakhomba lezi zinkinga eqenjini ehlukile. Pathology waqanjwa - ". Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ezinganeni" Izimpawu, ukwelashwa, izimbangela, nemiphumela Namanje lafundvwako. Odokotela, othisha kanye zokusebenza kwengqondo uzame ukusiza lezi zingane. Kodwa inqobo nje uma lesi sifo aselapheki. Kusobala ngokulinganayo ukuthi ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane? Izimpawu kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa ezintathu izinhlobo zezifo:

1. Nje yokuntuleka ukunakwa. Ingane nihlakazeke, kancane, abakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kunoma yini.
2. Hyperactivity. Kubonisa irascibility, impulsivity bese ukhulisa umsebenzi ngokomzimba.
3. ukubukwa ezixutshiwe. It kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu, kaningi okukhulunywe ukuhlukumeza ukungakwazi ukugxilisa hyperactivity disorder - ADHD.

Kungani kunesidingo zokugula enjalo?

Ososayensi namanje akakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile izimbangela yalesi sifo. Ngokusho oyiphawulile eside wembula ukuthi ukubukeka ADHD ukuyithukuthelisa izici ezilandelayo:

• yofuzo.
• izici ngamunye isimiso sezinzwa.
• imvelo Kubi: nokungcoliswa izinto umoya, amanzi, yasendlini. Ukuhola kuyalimaza kakhulu.
• Ukuchayeka ezinobuthi emzimbeni nokuthumba owesifazane owayezithwele: utshwala, izidakamizwa, ukudla ingcoliswe zinambuzane.
• Izinkinga kanye pathologies ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nabasebenzi.
• Trauma noma izifo ebuchosheni ingane isencane.

By the way, ngezinye izikhathi kwezinso kungabangela enqabayo emkhathini ngokwengqondo umndeni, noma okungalungile indlela lemfundo.

Indlela ukuxilonga ADHD?

Kunzima kakhulu ukuxilonga ngesikhathi "ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ezinganeni." Izimpawu nezinkomba isifo sibonakala ngokucacile uma kakade manifest yokufunda nobunzima noma ukuziphatha kwengane. Ngokuvamile, khona lesi sifo baqale ukusola othisha noma kwengqondo. kwabantwana kuyabakhathaza abazali abaningi nezinkinga zokuziphatha kusolwa engu esiyinkinga. Kodwa sekuhloliwe ngudokotela wezengqondo ungakwazi ukuxilonga ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane. Izimpawu, zokwelapha kanye ukuziphatha nabazali ingane ngempela ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe. Okuwukuphela kwendlela ulungise ukuziphatha kanye ukuvimbela isifo esibi kakhulu-lapho usukhulile.

Kodwa ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe kuyadingeka azokuqhubela luhlolo egcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele agcine ingane izinyanga okungenani eziyisithupha. Phela, izimpawu kungabangwa pathologies ezahlukene okufanayo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba ngakususi iziyaluyalu emehlweni nokuzwa, khona ukulimala kobuchopho, ukuquleka, ukubambezeleka zentuthuko, umthelela izidakamizwa hormone noma enobuthi ubuthi ejenti. Ukuze wenze lokhu, luhlolo wengane kufanele kuhlanganise nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, nodokotela bezingane, neurologists, gastroenterologists, abelaphi, inkulumo abelaphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuziphatha disorder kungenzeka nesimo. Ngakho-ke, inkinga itholakala lapho kuphela ukwephula esiqhubekayo yansukuzonke, ebonakaliswa isikhathi eside.

Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane: izimpawu

Indlela yokuphatha kulo, ososayensi baye azikaqondakali ngokuphelele. Ubunzima ukuthi zokugula kunzima ukuxilonga. Ngenxa izimpawu zaso ngokuvamile kuhambisane lag evamile ukuthuthukiswa futhi ekhuliswe ezingafanele, mhlawumbe ingane ichithekile. Kodwa kukhona izimfuneko ezithile ezingaba ukubona kahle kwezinso. Hlukanisa lezizibonakaliso ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ezinganeni:

1. lokukhohlwa njalo, izithembiso ukuzithola benganelisekile nakancane futhi ngezindaba ezazisele zilenga.
2. Ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo.
3. Ukungazinzi Zosizi.
4. ukubukeka ongakhiwe, yehle ngo ngokwakho.
5. Abashiya Amakhaya enhle, okuyinto kubonakala iqiniso lokuthi ingane ilahlekelwa okuthile njalo.
6. Izingane ezinjalo abakwazi ukugxila yimuphi isifundo esisodwa. Abakwazi nezinto ezidinga ukuzikhandla ngokwengqondo.
7. Ingane ngokuvamile ukuphazanyiswa.
8. Wabonisa inkumbulo iziyaluyalu futhi retardation engqondo.

Hyperactivity ezinganeni

Ngokuvamile, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo sifo ephelezelwa anda motor umsebenzi futhi impulsivity. Kulokhu, kube nzima nakakhulu ukuxilonga, kwazise lezi zingane azizona ngokuvamile zisale ngemuva ekuthuthukisweni, nokuziphatha kwabo okuthathwa njengokumele kube ukuziphatha okubi. Kanjani, kulesi simo wabonakaliswa ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane? Izimpawu hyperactivity yilezi:

• talkativeness ngokweqile, ukungakwazi ulalele interlocutor.
• ukunyakaza njalo ukubuyisa ezinyawo nezandla.
• Ingane ayikwazi ukuhlala namanje, ngokuvamile ukweqa.
• ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwenjongo ezimweni bakuphi okungalungile. Kumayelana egijima ezungeza, kuzuba.
• ukuphazamiseka Unceremonious e zabanye abantu imidlalo, izingxoxo, izikhathi.
• umsebenzi Motor siyaqhubeka ngisho ngesikhathi sokulala.

izingane ezinjalo engacabanganga, zinenkani, enolaka futhi ongenakulinganisela. Abanalo ukuzithiba. Abakwazi ukuzibamba.

Ukwephulwa abanempilo

kuzibonakalisa Hhayi kuphela ukuziphatha ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane. Izimpawu ibonakale ezihlukahlukene iziyaluyalu zempilo engokwengqondo nengokomzimba. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubonakala ukuvela ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka, ukuziphatha esilawulayo noma tic sezinzwa. Imiphumela ukuphazamiseka ezinjalo kuba ukugeleza noma enuresis. Izingane nge ukungakwazi ukugxilisa snizhet esesuthi noma ukulala thuthuva zenzeka. Bayakhononda ka ikhanda njalo ukukhathala.

imiphumela sokugembula

Ezinganeni nale Ihlahlubo izinkinga akunakugwenywa ukuxhumana, ukufunda, futhi ngokuvamile in a state of impilo. Okusondelene asilahle ingane enjalo, kuhlanganise kwaneliswa nezifiso zayo zokuziphatha ukuziphatha okubi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuholela ukuzenyeza futhi intukuthelo. Nazo lezi izingane ziqala ukusebenzisa utshwala, izidakamizwa, ukubhema. Entsheni, babonisa nokuziphatha kwabantu ngokungafanele. Avame abalimele, ungena empini. Lezi intsha kungaba ukuphatha izilwane ngesihluku ngisho abantu. Ngezinye izikhathi zingabantu ngisho akulungele ukubulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bona bavame okuthile engqondweni.

Njengoba lesi sifo kubonakala abadala?

Njengoba bekhula, izimpawu isifo ukubohla kancane. Abantu abaningi uphathe ukuzivumelanisa nokuphila okuvamile. Kodwa iningi izimpawu zesifo i iqhubeka. It uhlala ukungahlaliseki, zihlale zikhathazekile futhi ukungahlaliseki, acasulwe ubala, futhi ukuzenyeza. Ubudlelwano abantu eziwohlokayo, ngokuvamile iziguli kokucindezeleka njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izenzo ezingalawuleki, okuyinto angakhula abe sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iziguli eziningi ukuthola induduzo utshwala noma izidakamizwa. Ngakho ngokuvamile isifo kuholela ukuqedela nokwehliswa kwesithunzi indoda.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane?

izimpawu isifo kungenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukene. Kwesinye isikhathi ingane uvuma nasesiyaluyalwini iba obunganakekile. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi kunconywa kanjani lesi sifo, ukwenza ngcono izimpilo hhayi kuphela nesineke, kodwa futhi kwabanye. Nakuba zokugula is aselapheki, ezinye izinyathelo Namanje yamukelwe. basuke akhethiwe ngabanye ingane ngayinye. Ngokuvamile kuba yalezi zindlela:

1. Imithi.
2. ukuguqulwa yokuziphatha.
3. Psychotherapy.
4. Special Ukudla ngaphandle izithasiselo yokufakelwa, colorants, nomzimba ne-caffeine.
5. Physiotherapy - transcranial ukushukuma kazibuthe noma microcurrent.
6. Alternative zokwelapha - yoga, ukuzindla.

ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha

Manje konke landile ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ukugula ngengqondo izingane. Izimpawu kanye ukulungiswa lokhu zokugula kumele kwaziwe yibo bonke abantu abadala uxhumana ingane egulayo. Kukholakala ukuthi lesi sifo ngeke welaphe ngokuphelele, kodwa ungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ukuziphatha kwezingane, lula lithathelwe yabo emphakathini. Lokhu kudinga iqhaza bonke abantu emhlabeni ingane, ikakhulukazi abazali nothisha.

Ngempumelelo nokuqulwa nge kadokotela wezengqondo. Asiza ingane ukuba banqobe isifiso sokufuna ingacabangisisanga, ukuze ukuzibamba futhi uthathwa ngendlela efaneleko ukoniwa. Isebenzisa ezihlukahlukene umzimba, izimo eyenziwe yekuchumana. ewusizo kakhulu ukuphumula amasu ukuthi Kusiza ekudambiseni ukucindezeleka. Abazali nothisha kudingeka bahlale ukukhuthaza ukuziphatha efanele kulezi zingane. Kuphela impendulo omuhle isikhathi eside ngeke abasize bakhumbule indlela okufanele siziphathe ngayo.

imithi

Iningi izidakamizwa ezingasiza ingane nge ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, babe eminingi engemihle. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yokwelapha isetshenziswa njalo, ikakhulu ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kwezinso ezinzima zezinzwa kokuziphatha. I psychostimulants evamise anqunyiwe nootropics ezithinta ubuchopho kanye neqhaza ukuzinza ukunakwa ngcono ukugeleza kwegazi. Asetshenziswa antidepressant futhi sedatives ukunciphisa hyperactivity. Imithi ezijwayeleke kakhulu ADHD kukhona izidakamizwa ezilandelayo: "Methylphenidate", "Imipramine", "Nootropin", "Focalin" "Cere" "Dexedrine", "Strattera".

Amathiphu abazali

Imizamo ahlangene othisha, odokotela bengqondo nezinye Ochwepheshe kungasiza ingane yakho. Kodwa umsebenzi oyinhloko uwela emahlombe abazali ingane. Indlela kuphela yokunqoba ukunganakwa ezinganeni. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo omdala okufanele kutjhejwe. Futhi ekubhekaneni ingane ukulandela imithetho ethile:

• Chitha isikhathi esiningi kanye nalabo umntwana, play futhi bahlanganyele naso.
• Ukukhombisa ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izinto othandwayo.
• Musa ukunikeza ingane yakho umsebenzi onzima futhi babulawa. Izincazelo kufanele ngendlela ecacile neqondakalayo, futhi inkinga - ngokushesha efinyelelekayo.
• Ilokhu ngcono ukuzethemba kwengane.
• Izingane nge hyperactivity kudingeka sidlale nemidlalo.
• Udinga ukulandela umbuso esiqinile kosuku.
• ekuziphatheni okungafanele wengane kudingeka ngobumnene anqande, futhi into elungile ukukhuthaza.
• Asikwazi ukuvumela ukukhathala. Izingane kufanele siphumule ngokwanele.
• Abazali kudingeka sihlale sizolile kuzo zonke izimo, ukuba yisibonelo umntwana.
• Ukuqeqesha kangcono ukuthola isikole lapho lekubukana nemfundzi ngamunye kungenzeka. Kwezinye isikole amacala ekhaya.

Kuphela indlela edidiyelayo imfundo kuyosiza ingane ukujwayela ukuphila omdala futhi unqobe isifo.