Ukuphazamiseka kokuhle

Ukukhathazeka, incazelo esazi ngayo, kusho isitatimende esingenalo incazelo enengqondo futhi ihlukanisa imibono evunyelwe ngokuvamile. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa nesitatimende sokuthi ukukhuliswa kwemali engenayo yangasese kungabangela ukwehla kwenani lemali lokutshala izimali kanye nenhloko enkulu emkhakheni wezomnotho.

Ithiyori ye-classic yezomnotho yayisekelwe kuncazelo ehlukile. Watshela umbono wokuthi ukulondoloza, okumele kube yimali eyinhloko, okuyinto, uma kudingekile, ingaba umthombo wokutshalwa kwemali, iyisikhuthazo sokukhula kwemali engenayo kazwelonke. Okusho ukuthi, yisikhwama sokutshala izimali.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, isazi sezomnotho waseBrithani uGeorge M. Keynes sichaza ukuthi isifiso sokwakha izinqolobane sikwedlula isifiso sokutshala izimali emazweni anezakhiwo ezimakethe ezithuthukisiwe. Ukuphazamiseka kokuhleleka kanje:

- ngokukhula kwezimali, ukusebenza kwayo kunciphise, lokhu kungenxa yokunciphisa inani lemikhiqizo ephezulu yokuthela imali;

- ukwanda komgomo wokuphila kwabantu kubangela ukwanda kwendleko yokonga kwayo.

Kodwa-ke, imali enkulu engasetshenzisiwe iholela ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwemali kumfuno zabathengi. Lokhu kubangela ukunciphisa kweGDP kanye nesidingo esikhulu. Ngenxa yalezi zinqubo, izinga lonke lemali engenayo linciphisa inani elidlula inani lemali engenasetshenzisiwe.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphazamiseka kokungcoliswa komnotho kuyanciphisa ukuchuma kwabantu ngokunyuka ngesikhathi esisodwa ekulondolozeni kwayo. Ukutshala izimali kohlobo oluzimele lufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwenzuzo kazwelonke, kanye nokutshala izimali. Lokhu kungenxa yemiphumela yomphumela wokuphindaphinda.

Ukukhula kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezindleko ezizimele kubangele ukwanda kweholo lomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elithuthukisa inhlalakahle kazwelonke lidlula inani lezinga lokuqala lokusetshenziswa kwemali. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwehla kwemali engenayo kuyalimaza ukukhula kwezimali, okubandakanya izenzakalo eziqhubekayo emkhakheni wezomnotho.

Uma kunenkinga yokuqashwa komsebenzi wesikhathi esithile kuleli lizwe , ukuphazamiseka kokungahambisani nomnotho kuholela ekunciphiseni izinga labathengi. Le nqubo ithinta ubukhulu besidingo esiphezulu. Abakhiqizi bezimpahla abakwazi ukubona umkhiqizo wabo bese benza inzuzo. Amabhizinisi abo alahlekelwa ukuheha kwabo njengento yokutshalwa kwezimali. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kokukhiqiza, ukwanda okukhulu nakakhulu kokungasebenzi futhi kwehla ezingeni lemali engenayo.

Lesi sizwe sithola ukuhlupheka kakhulu. Lesi simiso saqinisekiswa ngesikhathi lapho ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwezomnotho ka 1929 kuya ku-1933 kubonakala khona. Ukuphazamiseka kokubhebhetheka ekubhekaneni nesimo ngokuqashwa ngokugcwele kusiza ukuvikela umkhakha wezezimali ngokuthi "ukuphefumula". Lokhu kungenxa yokunciphisa izinga lamanani ngenxa yokwehla kwesidingo esikhulu, okusebenza njengenye yezinkomba ezinkulu zomnotho.

Kuyinto yokusebenzisa okuphazamisa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha azo zonke izindleko zabantu. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kakhulu ekufuneni zingaba negalelo elibalulekile ekulinganiseni kwamazinga kazwelonke kanye nezinga lomsebenzi. Ukwakhiwa kwesimodeli sokusetshenziswa okuqondile kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukwanda okuqhubekayo kweGDP. Ngosizo lwaso, kungokwanele ukubikezela izinguquko ekufuneni ngokukhula noma ukwehla kwenani lemali kanye nemithetho kahulumeni.

Njengamanje, amaphethini amaningi asetshenziswayo adalwe. Ososayensi bazama ukubala i-algorithm ethile ejwayelekile, okuzochaza ngokugcwele ukufuna okuphelele. Ukwakhiwa kwethempelini enembile kuzovumela ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kwezinqubo zomnotho emphakathini.