Ukuxhumana kokufundisa

Ukuxhumana kwabafundisi kuyindlela yokuxhumana phakathi komfundisi nomfundi, okuhlose ukwakha ubuntu obusungulwe ngokugcwele. Lokhu kungenye yezinhloso eziyinhloko zokufundisa, eziqukethe izindawo ezithile: ezemfundo, ezenhlalakahle kanye nezokufundisa. Kuyinto evamile ukuthi ukubambisana kuyisiqalo sokuphila komphakathi, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana kudlala indima enkulu ekukhulumisaneni. Kule nkinga, kunezinqubo ezithile: uthisha - umfundi, ukuqonda okubili, ukwesekwa eqenjini kanye nezindaba eziphathelene nokufundisa. Kuphela uma abadala bebaqondisi, lokhu kungabonakala njengento yokuxhumana. Akufanele kube ngumbhali, ngoba kusekelwe esimisweni esiyisisekelo sokulingana kobudlelwane.

Utitjhere kufanele akhiphe imibandela enjalo kumntwana, angeke aqalane nokuphikiswa emfundweni. Othisha abanokuhlangenwe nakho bavame ukuhlolisisa le nqubo, ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isiko lokukhulumisana nabafundisi. Le nkinga iyadingeka namhlanje, ngoba kunenkinga ekuxazululeni umsebenzi obunzima wezemfundo nokuqeqesha.

Yiziphi izitayela zobuholi bezinkolo ezikhona? Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi zithinteke ikakhulukazi uhlobo lokuxhumana kanye nobuhlobo phakathi kothisha nomfundi. Le nkinga iye yazinikela emisebenzini yakhe ngu E. Klimov , V. Chudnovsky nabanye othisha. UMarkova AK uhlukanisa izitayela ezintathu: ohlonishwayo, ovulekile kanye nentando yeningi.

Isitatimende seDemokhrasi sithatha ukuthi ingane ibamba iqhaza elilinganayo ezinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi yezemisebenzi, ezemfundo nezenhlalo. Lena enye yezindlela zanamuhla nezokuhamba phambili. Uthisha uqondisa abafundi ngendlela yokuthi bakwazi ukwenza ngokufanele izinqumo ezizimele, kodwa babhekwa njengombono wabeluleki. Uhlinzeka iseluleko, ukhuthaza isinyathelo futhi aphendule izicelo zabafundi, ngakho-ke isiko lokukhulumisana nokufundisa kuya ezingeni eliphakeme. Ngokubunjwa okufanele kwalo mbuzo, inqubo yokufunda isondela ngokusemandleni ezimpilweni ze-psyche yengane.

Izitayela zobuciko bokufundisa zibuye zisho isiqondiso sokugunyaza. Kulesi simo, ingane ayisekho umlingani olinganayo, kodwa yenza njengento okumele iqondiswe ngayo. Ukusebenzisa lesi sitayela, uthisha uvame ukuthola ukwaneliseka kochwepheshe; Izindlela zakhe zomsebenzi eziyinhloko yiqembu nama-oda, okusiza ukunciphisa umsebenzi wezingane ekilasini.

Ukuxhumana kokufundisa kuncane kakhulu kubonakala lapho usebenzisa isitayela esivulekile. Lesi sitayela sivumela izingane ukuba zithathe isinyathelo, futhi uthisha uzama ukugwema ukwenza izinqumo ezizimele. Kulesi simo, uthisha usebenza ngokungahambisani nenqubo yemfundo, engathinta imiphumela yakhe.

Zonke izitayela ezingenhla zikhomba ubuhlobo kumlingani wokuxhumana. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iqiniso lokuthi ngamunye wabo uchaza ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana - ingxoxo noma i-monologic.

Ithonya lokufundisa lisezinhlobo ezimbili: isihloko-into kanye nesifundo-isihloko.

Owokuqala umthelela ohlotsheni lwalokhu "ingane efundisa othisha". Lapha uthisha udlala indima enkulu ekufundiseni nasekukhuliseni. Nguye obeka imisebenzi futhi udinga ukusebenza kwawo. Uthisha ukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokuziphatha phakathi kwabafundi, ngenxa yalokhu bathola ulwazi oludingekayo nolwazi, bafunde ukuzilawula kanye nezenzo zabo. Kukhona nohlangothi olubi kulokhu kuxhumana: ingane ngeke ijwayele ukuphatha ngokuzimela imisebenzi yakhe.

Ubudlelwane ngokuzithoba-isihloko sifaka isandla ekubonakalweni kokuzimela kanye nomsebenzi emawadi, abafunda ukuthola indlela yokuphuma kwezimo zezinkinga futhi bafuna indlela yokuthuthukisa ukubambisana nabantu abakuzungezile.

Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana kwabafundisi kuyindlela yokuxhumana kothisha nomntwana, oklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwedatha yokudala yomfundi, isisusa kanye nomphumela womsebenzi, kanye nesiqondiso semfundo somsebenzi wokukhulumisana othisha nomfundi.