Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu uwoyela ukudluliswa ngu Sae ne-API

Gear lubricating uketshezi elisetshenziswa amabhokisi isondo, amacala ukudluliswa, enama-asi netindlela ayo. Kunezindlela eziningi izimoto, elithululelwa e efanayo ukudluliswa uwoyela motor. Kodwa kwezinye izindlela, okuyinto angaphansi imithwalo esindayo ikakhulukazi futhi kunzima, futhi lapho uwoyela amaconsi futhi inkungu ivela kunzima ukuba edingekayo kukawoyela ingcindezi yokudlulisela.

Yabelwana amaqembu ahlukahlukene izinhlobo motor uketshezi. Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu uwoyela ukudluliswa futhi kungaba ezahlukene.

ngezigaba yokutholwa

Omunye ngeengaba international ukwehlukana viscosity. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa ibizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa amafutha Sae. It igrisi is yizigaba eziyisikhombisa, ezine zazo - ebusika (okhonjiswe W incwadi), kanye asele ezintathu - unyaka. Zonke-inkathi wokugubha kuhilela isiqu double, isibonelo, 80W90, 75W140 nabanye.

Enye ngezigaba amafutha ukudluliswa, elika-API, uphakamisa division laba amaqembu ayisithupha. Basuke esetshenzisiwe kuye ngenjongo, ngenxa enikeza uhlobo ayo igiya, umthwalo ethize kanye lokushisa.

Ukwahlukanisa igiya amafutha ngu Sae zezinkulumo

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa yasungulwa ngu-American Society of Engineers. Waba laziwa kabanzi. abashayeli abaningi bayazi ukuthi ingcono kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi enye.

Class lubricating viscosity uketshezi ungaphakathi inhlukano womnikazi imoto ngayinye.

Khetha kusukela lokuthi lokhu ngezigaba inikeza amafutha igiya, kusekelwe ezishisayo imvelo izinkomba, okuzokwenza eziqhutshwa imoto. Viscosity izakhiwo zinqunywa maqondana ukuzuzwa 150,000 CP Brookfield. Uma leli nani weqiwe, le amabombo pinion kushaft qala inqubo Welanga. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kufanele ngokuqinile ulandele izincomo idatha aphansi-lokushisa, ngokukhetha igrisi kwesokudla.

Uma imoto ihlelelwe usebenza ezingeni lokushisa mayelana lokususa amathathu degree ngezansi, Site ukudluliswa inhlukano hydrocracked noma zokwenziwa zokugcoba, futhi viscosity semisynthetics 75W-XX nge viscosity umkhawulo ka 5000 CP.

lokushisa High likalwa ezingeni degrees 100. Ngokusho kwakhe imininingwane impumelelo akufanele uqale sokudiliza, ngisho noma kufanele ube ngaphansi kwethonya lokhu emahoreni ambalwa 20 nokuningi.

Ukwahlukanisa igiya viscosity uwoyela: imininingwane

Lapha, njengoba nje injini, lubricating uketshezi ahlukaniswe nsuku yezinkathi ezithile zonyaka:

• Winter - 70W, 75W, 80W, 85W;
• Summer - 80, 85, 90, 140, 250.

Kulesi ngezigaba, a division enjalo kunemibandela, ngoba abakhiqizi ezahlukene babe siqu ukuthuthukiswa yabo ethile.

Kodwa Sae J306 ejwayelekile, isibonelo, has izimfuno ezinjalo okufanele zifinyelelwe ukudluliswa eziwuketshezi. Ngakho, bayakugeza aqukethe degree elilodwa ebusika noma ehlobo chungechunge, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili-degree. Kungase kungabi ezimbili nje lamadigri ebusika.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma okhethiwe injini zokugcoba ku uhla kusuka 0 kuya ku-60, ukudluliswa basukela 70 kuya ku-250.

Ngakho onjiniyela baye bazama ukuvimbela amaphutha kungenzeka uma kukhethwa uwoyela. Ngakho, uma imoto kanye ne-transmission uketshezi futhi ube viscosity efanayo, ngo-Sae namagugu abo zizohluka.

I-API ngokuvamile

ngezigaba Universal yokudlulisela amafutha kuwo wonke, maye, ingakamiswa wadala. Kodwa isigaba-API for gearboxes bhukwana ukuze uhlukanise i-Lubrication kuyinto elula kakhulu.

Ngokusho kwakhe izimoto ezisetshenziswa iqembu uwoyela GL-4 noma GL-5. GL-4 kufanelekile Mechanics namagiya hypoid futhi kuvunguza ngazimbili wotho futhi lisetshenziswa ezimweni zezulu ngokulinganisela. A GL-5, ngaphandle ngokulinganisela, singasetshenziswa ezindaweni nokhahlo ku izinhlobo ezahlukene igiya.

ngamaqembu ahlukene we-API

Ake sicabangele wonke amaqembu amele Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu uwoyela ukudluliswa API.

Iqembu GL-1 eyakhe amaminerali lubricating uketshezi. La mafutha Awekho izithasiselo, ngaphandle kwalezo okuyinto ifa antioxidant futhi anti-Foam izakhiwo.

Ukuze GL-2 ahlanganisa amafutha nge anti-friction izithasiselo kulo abakhonza ukuba isibungu amagiya nge ongaphakeme ijubane ukujikeleza.

GL-3 - uwoyela, usunayo i-inani elikhulu lamadoda izithasiselo, okuhlanganisa futhi babe izakhiwo bafake nemithi. Zisetshenziswa a gearbox nge izigaba eziningana futhi ayo, oyinhloko namagiya hypoid. Ngamafutha egijima Kuvunguza wotho igiya pair yakhelwe usebenze ngesivinini aphansi nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.

Iqembu GL-4 has a iphesenti eliphezulu izithasiselo. Lezi zihlanganisa nalabo babe izakhiwo ANTI. Ngoba lezizinto ikakhulu elisetshenziswa nezimoto gearbox ezivamile. Ukumanzisa uyakwazi kahle e omoya ezinjalo, lapho kukhona ngejubane encane torque engu ukujikeleza, noma okuphambene nalokho.

Ukuze GL-5 zingezikaJehova lubricating uketshezi, abazokwazi ukusebenza kwezimo ezinzima, lapho kuyadingeka ukuze yenze imizamo emikhulu ukuze unqobe amandla umthwalo. La mafutha asetshenziswa amamodeli ezahlukene izimoto izithuthuthu. Faka isicelo amagiya hypoid, namabhuzu amagiya, ngokusebenzisana punches. Namawoyela aqukethe inani elikhulu izithasiselo, esekelwe isici serofosfornyh futhi unciphise amathuba metal burrs.

GL-6 amafutha asebenza okuhle ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Bona ukumelana ngempumelelo ijubane ukujikeleza, torque eliphezulu kanye nomthelela imithwalo. Basuke izimpawu khona inani elikhulu izithasiselo ANTI kuqhathaniswa namanye amaqembu. Kodwa leli qembu uwoyela kungukuthi wayevame ukusebenzisa.

Kwenqwaba gear amafutha esekelwe uwoyela amaminerali ekhiqizwa. Zokwenziwa isetshenziswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela.

nezinye ngeengaba

Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu uwoyela ukudluliswa ngu Sae ne-API yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi. Kodwa kunezinye ukwahlukana. Ngokwesibonelo, wodwana kuhlanganisa uwoyela gearbox okuzenzakalelayo. Basuke engamboziwe njengenhlangano ngezigaba API we uwoyela igiya. "Sick" "Ubude", "Ucingo" nezinye abakhiqizi siholwa ukusebenza yabo enkulu ekwakhekeni eziwuketshezi lubricating.

Ukwahlukaniswa ATF

Amafutha yemishini okuzenzakalelayo ngokuvamile zipendwe ngemibala egqamile, ukuze umshayeli is hhayi udidekile hhayi yasigcwalisa ekudluliselweni mathupha. Futhi, abazigaxi uketshezi ezinemibala ehlukahlukene,

Kuhlukaniswa for the automatic transmission, okufanele ukuba kwakumangalisa okufanayo obumbene, yokudlulisela manual, awayona. Ngakho-ke, Lapho esingatha le ndaba abakhiqizi ngokwabo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo- General Motors zisebenzisa Dexron ngezigaba kanye Ford - Mercon.

ngezigaba ZF

Kabanzi inkampani aziwayo ozuza ngezigaba Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, ZF iDemo. Kuyinto umholi phakathi abakhiqizi YaseYurophu gearboxes motor amayunithi. Njengoba bengazange bahlakulele ngezigaba zayo, inkampani inikeza gxila namakilasi abo ngokuya ikhwalithi viscosity.

Ngayinye KP avunyelwe amafutha aso. Lesi sigaba sihlinzeka kokubili ikhodi ngezinhlamvu, futhi digital.

Siyini isisekelo ekukhetheni

Ukwahlukanisa amafutha igiya we-API, Sae, njll ukukhetha lula kakhulu. Kodwa kokuthola igrisi kufanele futhi baqonde ukuthi izinkinga kufanele ukuxazulula. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• ukuvimbela ngomshikisho kakhulu futhi bafake okwandisiwe evele of amagiya noma ezinye izingxenye ukudluliswa;
• amandla wazinikela ngenxa ukudalwa ifilimu kumele kungancipha;
• ukudala ukushisa ukususwa;
• ukumisa noma ukunciphisa inqubo namachibi;
• kungekho nemtselela lomubi ukusabela igiya izingxenye phezu;
• non-ukungena ukuphendula amanzi;
• ekulondolozweni izakhiwo kokuqala ngesikhatsi isitoreji isikhathi eside;
• nokwehlisa umsindo vibration elakhiwe phakathi ukusebenza ukudluliswa;
• intuthu kungkhethiwe enobuthi lapho sishiswa ngakho.

Kahle abakhethiwe uwoyela igiya ngeke ngempumelelo baxazulule izinkinga zabo futhi usize ukunweba ukuphila kwemishini.