Ukwakhiwa "A" ukuze "Z": Umsebenzi geodetic

Uma ukhumbule isisho ukuthi kummeleli ubulili namandla ekuphileni kwakhe kumelwe nakanjani abelethe sikhulisa umntwana, ukuba tshala izihlahla futhi indlu umndeni wakhe. Nokho, uma izimo ezimbili zokuqala iningi labantu emhlabeni musa zibangele nezinkinga, kungcono mithandazo ngelula. Phela, ukwakha isakhiwo, omunye isifiso akwanele. Udinga ukuba semali ulwazi ekwakhiweni kanye ahlangene wesayensi, ikakhulukazi geodesy.

Lwati amagama

Omunye izigaba ebaluleke kakhulu belungiselela ukwakhiwa - imisebenzi geodetic wokugubha. Ngokusebenza bawo benzela imidwebo esikhethekile project main. Injongo msebenzi - ukulungisa phansi indawo evundla mpo main isakhiwo isakhiwo amaphuzu. I fineness kujeziswa imisebenzi is semfenisha ngqo emhlabathini, phezu "uhlobo" kuzo zonke kunesidingo engeli, amabanga kanye awalethe kuvunyelwe.

umsebenzi Geodetic wenziwa ngezinyathelo ezintathu, uma kungekho Linings ezingalindelekile:

• e sokuqala okufakiwe-eksisi ezinkulu izakhiwo fixed kuyakhiwa;
• ngobugebengu is phansi izingxenye - abazenzi ikhwele izimbazo ehlukile tincenye letitsite isakhiwo ezakhiwe esizayo;
• umsebenzi geodetic igcwaliswe izimbazo ukwahlukanisa ukufaka imishini ezidingekayo ukusebenza.

izindlela ka

Ukukhiqiza ukuhlukaniswa lonke ilungelo, kudingeka ucabangele ezicini eziningana. Kufanele kucatshangelwe imingcele weJiyomethri into kuyakhiwa, indawo amaphuzu ezakha inethiwekhi geodetic, khona izinhlobo futhi izinhlobo zomculo wokulinganisa. Ngokuyinhloko, geodetic wokugubha imisebenzi ezivezwa izinqubo ezifana:

• lokulandisa Polar futhi izixhumanisi Cartesian;
• Ukufakwa ukuqondanisa, emincane futhi komugqa serif;
• Ukufakwa serif uhlobo okuxubile - Lumi-emincane, Lumi-eqondile futhi iqonde.

Ukuqaliswa elula imisebenzi geodetic kubhekwa ngendlela accounting izixhumanisi unxande. Ngokwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa esakhiweni kumele kube ekwakheni-eksisi ohlelweni ukwakha futhi abale. Zinikeza ithuba aphule iphrojekthi yamila kanye acabangele eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ebalulekile isakhiwo esikhulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphambi ukuwohloka kuyadingeka ukwenza izenzo ezikhethekile ngibenze imidwebo imidwebo stakeout kusolwa.

Ukusebenzisa imisebenzi geodetic ekwakheni

Geodetic umsebenzi wokwakha kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nemithetho eyisisekelo neziqondiso. Ukhiye angabhekwa iinjamiso ezilandelako:

• Zonke izilinganiso futhi izibalo inqubo ukwakhiwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, ukonga imali kanye nempahla ngangokunokwenzeka. Uhlaka Geodetic kufanele ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi yetfulwe ngendlela grid, lapho izinhlamvu ezikhethekile awashintsheki geodeziopunkty eziyisisekelo ekhombisa isikhundla wokwakha kwi yendawo yangempela;
• the stakeout ukuziphatha edingekayo sesibopho ukuthobisa isimo sezwe kanye neminye stroyobektam GeoNetwork;
• Wonke umsebenzi ezihlobene ukuwohloka, kumele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana izinhlelo kanye nemidwebo, isisekelo lapho jikelele futhi isakhiwo jikelele izinhlelo stroyobekta athathwa.

imisebenzi Ukumaka kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile esikhathini esibekiwe, ngokuvumelana izigaba ukwakhiwa.