Ulwazi olubalulekile kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo mayelana Metro Madrid

Metro Madrid - ifomu emangalisayo ebalulekile ezokuthutha zomphakathi enhloko-dolobha Spanish. Lokhu imoto okusheshayo ukuthi usebenza ngaphandle kokulibala futhi ahlinzeke lemiqulu emikhulu umgibeli traffic. Metro Madrid iqala umsebenzi wayo ngo-1919: kulapho umugqa wokuqala komhlaba wethulwa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isikhathi esiningi isidlulile, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho yakhiwa imigqa abayishumi nambili ngezingcezwana sobunxele traffic. Ubude yabo Imininingwane - amakhilomitha angaba ngu-300.

Ukuqala khona komhlaba ku Madrid

Metro Madrid iqala umsebenzi wayo ngo-Okthoba 1919. Khona-ke kwaba umugqa eyayakhiwa iziteshi ayisishiyagalombili futhi ubude 3.5 amakhilomitha. Imigudu okuqala ayengelona compact kakhulu. Ngakho, ubude ipheshana kwakungelona amamitha angaphezu kuka-60, kanti ububanzi 1445 mm. Ngawo-1936, Madrid Metro uye lalinabashumayeli imigqa emithathu babeshumayela isigijimi esiteshini sesitimela.

Lapho abaseSpain Yombango okwenzeka, metro station abadlale indima emoyeni-kugasela zokukhosela. Umugqa wesine wafakwa ukusebenza ngo-1944, futhi ngo-1960 i-Madrid Metro has interconnects dolobha nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

2007 kwaphawulwa yokuthi yamiswa amagatsha amathathu "kaMasipala ukukhanya". Lokhu high-speed trams ezazihamba phezu. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma udinga zikufice ezihehayo, baya ngomshoshaphansi.

Ngo eziteshini inhlokodolobha Spanish sika uvale abayizipoki "Chambery". It kungokwalabo Umugqa wokuqala evulekile, kodwa ngo-1966 waba ngaphansi kokubuswa umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo. Ngenxa yalokho, basondelane kakhudlwana komunye esiteshini eduze. It itholwe entwasahlobo ka-2008, kodwa njengoba i Museum ngomshoshaphansi.

Ezinye izibalo

Madrid Metro ithatha ngokuthi lingakanani endaweni yesibili eNtshonalanga Yurophu ngemva London Underground. Uma sicabanga yonke iYurophu, ke ibekwe njengezwe lesithathu, kokuyekethisa Ubukhulu bayo kaMasipala eMoscow. Isikimu jikelele siqukethe amagatsha 13, lona wamuva zazo wathola hhayi kudala. inethiwekhi yayo umkhandludolobha Madrid uxhuma 327 iziteshi. Minyaka yonke, ke uyisa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 futhi has amasongo amabili osabalalayo.

Le ndawo Imininingwane umasipala eMadrid kuhlukaniswe eziyisithupha. Elikhulu kunawo wonke phakathi kwabo - gumbi A. Lesi sici komuzi, okuyinto oluthatha mayelana 70% Ubude wesitimela. Ezinye izigaba - kuyinto South, North, eMpumalanga, West, futhi tfm (nedlelo nemizana satellite). Ngalinye line ongaphansi komhlaba libhekene igama nombala wayo. Ngo Madrid amagama komhlaba yilezi ngokuvumelana zokuqala nezokugcina iziteshi.

Phakathi iziteshi Ukudlalwa ubude 800 amamitha. Ngo ukwakheka ngamunye, kukhona izimoto ezine noma ezinhlanu. Ebusuku futhi kancane ethandwa izitimela kwabo kukhona ezintathu kuphela.

Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Kule migqa ongaphansi komhlaba enhlokodolobha yase Spain 145 iziteshi. Iningi labo ezisekelweni ezimbili noma ezintathu. Rails ngokufanele therebetween. Ngakho-ke, uma umgibeli ejabulisa ziqalisa imoto ehamba emgodini we ezinye isitimela, okuyinto naye uvelele ngakolunye platform ke engasebenzi.

Ekuseni nakusihlwa amakhefu phakathi izitimela ukufinyelela esiphezulu imizuzu amathathu. Esikhathini ntambama noma ebusuku alinde isitimela esilandelayo, futhi kungaba kakhulu ngendlela imizuzu eyisikhombisa.

Madrid Metro inezinhlobo ezintathu izitimela izimoto: emotweni ehamba emgodini, umnyango kuzovula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imoto, ogama iminyango sezifakelwe isigwedlo. Uma ufuna ukuvula kubo, lokhu isigwedlo kufanele aluthole udumo olulinganayo. Imoto lapho ukuvula umnyango udinga ucindezele inkinobho ekhethekile.

Ngo Madrid azikho escalators ongaphansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, akunandaba lapho malini nesisindo futhi siyini isimo sakho sempilo, ngabe bayashesha noma abe esiningi, phezulu naphansi kuyodingeka bahambe.

Madrid ongaphansi komhlaba - njengamagugu ambiwa phansi amsulwa emhlabeni, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi futhi olusebenza kakhulu. Lapha ukuze bahlanze iziteshi nezimoto kukhona imvelo lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu yokuhlanza uhlelo.

ubuchwepheshe besimanje kusetshenziswa esitimeleni

Akunjalo kudala Madrid esitimeleni ezinye imigqa egijima othomathikhi ukuphathwa isakhiwo kanye uhlelo evumela ukuthi wena ulungise isivinini ngokuzenzakalelayo. Manje umsebenzi umshayeli kuyehla kuphela ukuvula kanye nokuvala iminyango, ukuthumela isitimela ngokucindezela inkinobho ekhethekile. Uhlelo okuzenzakalelayo izokwenza okusele umsebenzi wena. Iphinde uyakwazi okwandisa ngisho idlule ijubane ukuze elektrotormozheniya khona. Lapho isignali ekuvimbeleni lizwakele, isimiso esifanayo othomathikhi eyeka kwengoma.

Uma uthola noma iyiphi iphutha ohlelweni inhlabamkhosi umshayeli wesitimela kumele cindezela inkinobho ezifanele, esemgwaqweni ku control panel, bese owawusebenza ngesandla ngesitimela. Kulendlela yokubhala izakuthatha ngesivinini esiphezulu amakhilomitha ngehora 20.

yokugibela

Manje, abafundi abaningi kukhona umbuzo yemvelo: kungakanani Esiteshini eMadrid? Kulula: Kolunye uhambo lwezinyanga ngaphakathi A-zone izobiza 1.5 euro. Movement zonke ezinye emikhulu ebusweni bomhlaba kuyimiphumela euro ezimbili.

Uma umuntu ehamba phezu esitimeleni ngokuvamile, kutuswa ukuba bathenge amathikithi 10 uhambo. intengo zabo 11,2-12,2 euro kuncike zone.