Umdlavuza wesikhumba. Izimpawu esigabeni sokuqala kanye uhlobo lwesifo

Umdlavuza wesikhumba - isimila esibulalayo eba kumaseli epidermis futhi sithinta bonke Icwele. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zalesi sifo:

• squamous;
• basal cell;
• melanoma.

I-basal cell nomdlavuza wesikhumba ungahlosile

It ithelela amaseli basal, okuyinto zitholakala ezansi le epidermis. Lona ezivamile umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi. A uphawu ukuthi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni lolu hlobo sifo, mhlawumbe kuphela - umzimba kwakhiwa izindawo elincane elibomvu noma ngamaqhubu, ngezinye izikhathi abezwani opha. Basal cell carcinoma ebangela u-75% kuzo zonke izinhlobo izimila isikhumba. Kutfutfukisa kancane kakhulu, lokhu umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi. Esigabeni sokuqala-ke cishe akusho ukuzibonakalisa futhi kungaba ababanjwa izinyanga eziningi noma ngisho neminyaka. Kodwa ekugcineni akhiwa ezilondeni zesikhumba eziphuma igazi futhi musa ukuphulukisa cishe. Uma ezitholakele sikhathi, le nkinga yomdlavuza wesikhumba, futhi uphawu lapho ayikahlanganiswa ukuvela, ke ingelapheka ngokuphelele.

Squamous umdlavuza wesikhumba

Kulokhu, amaseli isimila esuka ungqimba engenhla epidermis. Njenganoma-basal cell carcinoma, sibangelwa kancane kakhulu, futhi angase athuthe nezinye izindawo emzimbeni kuphela uma iyekwa ingelashwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, 20% azo zonke izifo yalolu hlobo kuthatha nje squamous umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi. Uphawu ukuthi okuza kuqala - lokhu ukuluma, futhi ububomvu. Ngokuvamile ukunqotshwa kwenzeka ku yomzimba.

Squamous cell carcinoma iphathwa izindlela sasivumela mnene kusaqalwa isifo futhi ingelapheka ngokuphelele.

melanoma ebulalayo

Kungaba avele kusuka kunoma iyiphi amavukuzi noma freckles. Kutfutfukisa kusukela melanocytes amaseli ukukhiqiza sombala i-melanin. Yingakho igama. Lokhu kakhulu okuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, futhi uphawu kungabonwa ku washintsha noma esanda amavukuzi kokuvela noma freckles. amaseli kwalo uqale ukwehlukana angalawuleki, it kwandisa umthamo. Kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele usaqala, melanoma ayikahlanganiswa lihluma zonke izingqimba kwesikhumba. Uma isikhathi ukuxhumana izazi, iningi izimila abulalayo kungenziwa lususwe. Endaweni yokuqala kufanele wazise amavukuzi, okuyinto aseqalile ngenkuthalo zikhule, kwabonakala asymmetry yabo, noma yimuphi ngokwahlukana lubonakale kuzo. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo kubalulekile ukubhekana kuya oncologist, kudlule Luhlolo ezidingekayo (biopsy, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, x-ray, i-MRI) nemfundo surgically ukususa uma kunesidingo.

Lokho kungaba avuse nomdlavuza wesikhumba?

Nazi ezinye izici ezenza ezingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezifana ezingemnandi efana nawo umdlavuza wesikhumba. Izizathu angase abe ehlukene, kodwa kufanele sibe tekuvikela:

• Ungahlali isikhathi eside elangeni (UV ukuchayeka);
• Gwema ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside X-ray (isib X ray amakhabethe abasebenzi);
• umkhawulo contact nge carcinogens (itiyela, i-arsenic, njll);
• ukuyeka ukubhema (yokuhogela intuthu kagwayi futhi kuyingozi);
• cabanga ukuthi overreliance ku ukushuka yokufakelwa (solarium) kungabangela umdlavuza wesikhumba.