Umhlaba wezitshalo zezitshalo "ficuses": utholakala kuphi?

Ama-ficus yizitshalo eziye zavame kakhulu kubaflorisi. Ngezindlela eziningi lokhu kunomthelela ekukhangeni kwabo kwangaphandle nokuzithoba.

Uphi i-ficus?

Zonke zazo zingezona uhlobo lwe-mulberry (Moraceae). Futhi liphi izwe lomdabu yezitshalo? AmaFicus ahlala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eCeylon, Java naseBorneo. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kwezwekazi lase-Australia.

Lezi zitshalo ziyingqayizivele futhi zihle kangangokuthi abathandi bebelokhu bengazange bamangele izinhlobo ezintsha zamafisi ososayensi abathola cishe minyaka yonke.

Ziyakhula ngaziphi izindlela?

Izinhlobonhlobo zifana nokuthi kukhona kokubili izihlahla nezinhlobo zotshani. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi izwe lomhlaba wezitshalo, ama-ficus ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene angahle ahlobanisane kalula ngenxa yejusi elimnandi elenza iphutha.

Inganekwane yesihenqo esivela njalo

Ngendlela, kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi ngenxa yemibandela yokukhula, zonke izihlahla zomkhiwane zivalo njalo. Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona okungafani nemithetho. Ngakho-ke, i-ficus "ali", "natasha", "viandi" ne "elastika", indawo okuhlala ngayo emahlathini ashisayo kanye ashisayo e-Borneo, ayenqabile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlaba wezitshalo, izihlahla zamakhiwane, okwakhiwe ngokuyinhloko, hhayi nje ngezinto eziphilayo, kodwa futhi ngokungafani nokuziphatha okuhlukile komunye nomunye. Futhi ukuhlukana kubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi ngisho ne-botanist onolwazi olunolwazi uyosangelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezinamandla ezihlobene nazo "zingahamba kanjani" komunye nomunye.

Futhi futhi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo

Isibonelo, i-Pumila ne-Hederacea enamaqabunga amancane kakhulu kangangokuthi asetshenziselwa njengendwangu enhle yomhlabathi. Ukuphakama okukhulu kwamaqabunga awo akuvamile ukufika ku-1.5 cm. Kodwa isihlobo sabo, "banyan", esivamile kakhulu eBangali, sifinyelela kumamitha angu-30 ubude obunamamitha amahlanu.

Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi umhlaba wezitshalo (ama-ficus of subspecies) aphethwe "ukuphawula" ngisho naseBhayibhelini. Uyazi ukuthi umkhiwane uphinde ube ficus? Yebo-yebo, lowo mkhiwane ofanayo ubhekisela kuhlobo lwe-mulberry, futhi igama lakhe elibizwa ngokuthi "i-carica". Lesi sitshalo sivela eMesopotamiya yasendulo, eyayisendaweni yeTurkey yanamuhla, i-Iran neSiriya.

Umphumela wokuhlala ezindaweni ezizimele

Njengoba i-amateur engenakulinganiswa ezindabeni ze-botanical, i-plant intandokazi yezitshalo, uhlobo oluphilayo lwezinhlobo zezilwane luvele lukhulu kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ficus ngayinye iphethe umshicileli ongabonakali wezwe lakubo elikude, okuyinhloko ekunqumeni ukubonakala kwayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nesimo sengqondo ezimweni ezikhulayo.

Ngakho-ke, "i-ficus benjamin" (indawo okuzalwa kuyo isitshalo - e-Australia) ayikubekezeli neze ukushisa nokushintsha okushisayo okushisa, njengoba ijwayele isimo sezulu esinamahlathi ashisayo. Ngenxa yalezi zici, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ungakhethi abasha, ngoba bangabhubhisa kalula isigceme samathenda.

Iziphetho

Uma ufuna ukuthola omunye wabameli be-mulberry wamagciwane ukulima emabhodleleni, kungcono ukwazi kusengaphambili lapho i-ficus ethile ivela khona. Izwe lomhlaba wesitshalo esimweni ngasinye esithile sichaza izimo zokunakekelwa nokulima.

Ngaphandle kwalolu lwazi, awukwazi neze ukuhlinzeka ngesilwane sakho ngemibandela "ephilayo" elula.