Umlando soMthethosisekelo. amaphuzu asemqoka

imfuno yoMthethosisekelo waqala ukuqhuba eRussia eside ngaphambi Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo kuqala. Ezweni lethu, kwakungekho idokhumenti naleli gama. Isifinyezo umthetho main udaliwe. Kwakuthinta eqoqwe amalungiselelo eziyisisekelo incishisiwe ukwenza indima soMthethosisekelo. Nokho, izithunywa zomphakathi ovulekile ne ekukhuleni komphakathi uya wakhuthaza ukwethulwa Main Umthetho isimo.

Umlando Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo

ingxoxo Okokuqala ngokusemthethweni iqoqo imithetho eyisisekelo owawuse ngo-1918, ngo-July 10. Ngosuku Omkhulu Wesihlanu Zonke-Russian iCongress of namaSoviet. Julayi 19 ikhodi esemthethweni uMthetho Basic Waqala ukusebenza emva kokushicilelwa. Ngaphambi nje kwalokho, ngo-March 17 konyaka, kwakukhona ukuwa yokubusa kwamakhosi. Ngokusho izinkomba zomlando kanye namaqiniso, zifiki uhulumeni Liberal, naphezu ukukhuthazwa ukwethulwa nenkululeko ngokoMthethosisekelo, nokuthola ubulungiswa kwenzile lutho ukugcwaliseka kwalezi imibono. Ngemva amaBolshevik liqala ukubusa, isimo kuleli zwe iqala ukushintsha kancane. Ngesikhathi Congress wesibili Abalimi 'futhi Workers amasekela, abanye izimiso ngemvume 1917 ngo-October 25-26. Kuyinto ngale nkathi, ngokusho kwabanye abalobi, umlando soMthethosisekelo Russian waqala.

1917. Yini eyenza indaba soMthethosisekelo waqala. Izinqumo lokuqala Uhulumeni omusha

Umlando soMthethosisekelo waqala lapho kusayinwa umthetho-amalungiselelo eziningana, okubonisa imicabango nezifiso amaBolshevik. Eyokuqala kwavunyelwana isimemezelo ku kumiswa uhulumeni izisebenzi wamavukelambuso 'futhi abalimi. Indaba ifakiwe "CPC" (Council of Yabantu Commissars). Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezalandela zadlula Okwesithathu Congress. Yena ifomu amalungelo abantu bexhashazwa nokusebenza. Abaphila Besikhathi beqonda le dokhumenti njengoba uhlobo "umthethosisekelo ezincane". Lesi simemezelo kwakubaluleke kakhulu e ekukhuleni komphakathi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngesikhathi Isentha yoMthethosisekelo ngo-1918, ngo-January 5, amaBolshevik ezihlongozwayo kuciniswa kwale dokhumenti. Nokho, iningi SRS benqaba ukwenza kanjalo, okwaholela ukuqedwa imisebenzi uMkhandlu. Njengoba kuphawuliwe bangesikhathi, lesi sehlakalo kubhekwa bangempela revolution nomphakathi, kuyilapho izenzakalo Okthoba ababebheka njengoba revolution wobunxiwankulu-yeningi.

Imicimbi emva Okwesithathu iCongress of abaseSoviet

IsiNqumo lesi wamalungelo, ngemvume ngesikhathi III Congress, kwakungelona esigcwele isisindo setha kwemithetho eziyisisekelo. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we yafuna ukuthuthuka okukhulu. ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo waqala kamuva - ngo-Ephreli 1918. Umsebenti idokhumenti ehlobo ngawo lowo nyaka, futhi 10 Julayi uMthethosisekelo wezwe wokuqala kwavunyelwana.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokwakhiwa eSoviet Union

Umlando kwaphawulwa Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo ngo-1924, January 31, uMthetho Basic. Nokho, kwakungekhona version yokugcina idokhumenti. okubizwa ngokuthi "UStalin wathambisa isandla uMthethosisekelo" yamukelwa 1936. Njengoba kuphawuliwe bangesikhathi, uStalin babekholelwa ukuthi idokhumenti yeningi kakhulu emhlabeni. Umlando soMthethosisekelo uye savela olwengeziwe. UMthethosisekelo Landelayo - the "uBrezhnev" - wamukelwa ngonyaka 1977. Kuba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo eMthethweni Basic laqala ukuletha Gorbachev. Ngo-1985, ukuhlelwa kabusha kwaleli zwe namanye kuye zifakiwe, kodwa ushintsho akalokothi ephethwe ukuqedela. Ngo-1993 kwaba nenkinga ezibanikeza igunya elithile, ke kwaba ziyoncibilika uMkhandlu Ophakeme. Boris Yeltsin, owakhonza njengelungu uMongameli ngesikhathi, yamemezela izinguquko lomthethosisekelo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngo-December, inhlolovo owawuse. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-12 Disemba 1993 bamukela oyibamba entsha manje, uMthethosisekelo.