Umthwalo collective

umthwalo Mutual - yilokho umthwalo zomthetho we wonke amalungu ethimba (izinhlangano noma imiphakathi) izibopho elilodwa. Ezimweni eziningi, leli gama inenani impahla. Kube khona inkulumo endulo, siyazi injalo wamaRoma. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ke zitholakala "Russian Iqiniso", futhi abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ilungiselelo le kakade akhona uma inkontileka ka Prince Oleg nge amaGreki.

Ngaphezu zezimali wemfanelo kwesisekelo enwetshiwe ukuba umthwalo ubugebengu lapho lowo okonile ayikaziwa noma cha ngoba ukubulala ngenhloso yokweba, revenge, noma ngenxa ingxabano. Lokho isijeziso kwasekusehlela phezu kwabantu esifundeni lapho ubugebengu obenziwe. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ukuze kulwisanwe ubugebengu noma ukunciphisa umonakalo impahla endaweni yomcebo isimo.

ERussia, le Esprit de amabutho kwaba vogue kuze 1903, yasetshenziswa ikakhulu maqondana abalimi: izintela isikweletu ngoba ilungu lomphakathi ngamunye enwetshiwe ukuze wonke nomphakathi wonkana.

Ngomqondo truest okuvela kuyo le nkulumo zingachazwa njengoba isiqubulo esithi "eyodwa yawo wonke futhi zonke oyedwa." Unyango abalobi lizuzise kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngempela, abangane bami abaqondi izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi athathe isinyathelo kuqala, ubungani ngabo - ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye.

Kodwa umqondo efanayo "kwesisekelo" sihlezi kwesisekelo Vendetta - esifuze ezimbi zesikhathi esidlule. Legazi umbango ozokugiriza lonke uhlanga icala lwelungu yesizwe.

AmaNazi wamaFascist wayevame ukusebenzisa igama elithi indlela efanayo, ngokufaka ezifundeni ezinabantu. Njengoba masinyane njengoba they uqaphela noma yisiphi isenzo ka engaziwa engabandlululi noma ukungalaleli, wathi ukukhishwa zonke okweshumi noma zonke lwesithathu. Okungukuthi, isijeziso akuyona zisakazwe kulabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo, kuyilapho fanele kuze lo umphakathi ngesisekelo indawo.

Futhi ababulawa amalungu bangamakhomanisi umndeni, kungakhathaliseki esifubeni ingane noma buthaka ixhegu. Kamuva ekwindla efanayo isimiso ngaphansi "ukusatshalaliswa" izingane zaqhamuka ziphuma kule imvelo noma kusukela runaway ukufa amakamu amasosha aseSoviet.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi siqinisekiso - iyisikhali eqinile, lokusho ubungani nokuthembeka. Ngakolunye - esinamandla ngokwengqondo ukusetha imithetho zasendle "indoda uyimpisi."

Namuhla ajwayelekile amazwi athi "Esprit de amabutho" ngokuvamile ngomqondo ongathandeki inkulumo yethu. Indlela ukufihla ngemuva "umphakathi" ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukuthethelela misdeeds yabo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva kokulwa zabantu abasha, watholakala eshonile. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka leli cala cishe njalo uchaza iqhaza lakhe ubugebengu esinamandla ngamazwi athi: "Konke kwahamba - futhi engangiyihamba. Zonke lokulwa - ngilwa "!

Ngandlela-thile, "maqhawe" ezimfushane ibonakala ukuthi uma ukubulala esenziwa isixuku, futhi umthwalo izohlukaniswa nhlobo. Nokho, iqiniso liwukuthi akusiyo njalo, ngoba udaba ubugebengu obenziwa nge-iqembu labantu kuncike unswinyo kakhulu.

Exige de amabutho kwadingeka lisachuma phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet ku ubushiqela. Nokho, le nhlangano ibe Ukusabalala eyodwa emaceleni. Wayevame wachaza isikhundla "eyodwa yawo wonke" kodwa "zonke oyedwa" noma "eyodwa ngomunye".

Abakhalazayo bacela ukuba usizo kumuntu othile, kodwa akazange ngokuqondile wenqaba ukubhekana, kodwa akazange anikeze impendulo eqondile. Lamagama, "Angiyena abanekhono kule ndaba, udinga ukukhanyisa ukuba omunye" - u umqhele. Futhi liphi umuntu ofanelekayo - akekho owayazi.

I ekahle kungaba ukhetho lwesibili, lapho athathwa eceleni bangakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo okusemthethweni kwamaphutha of lonke inkampani, ngingathanda ukwenza wonke umzamo ukuze ubhekane nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ukuphokophela.

Namuhla, kwesisekelo ahlupheke izinhlangano eziningi. Ikakhulu, i-izikhungo zokwelapha ezihilelekile ukufukamela icala ekuhlinzekeni ukunakekelwa nesineke ezingenamakhono. Kunzima ukuthola wokubi Izinhlelo zomasikhuphulane, ngesikhathi ukuqashelwa yebhange yimali, eyayintula ukutshala mass nenqwaba yabantu. iminikelo Communist gone ngempumelelo phesheya, futhi benzi bokubi kuze kube yimanje. amafulethi engaphelele, okuyiwona iminikelo zikhokhelwe futhi okungezona zokuhlala. Abantu asebavele incwadi egunyaza ukuba yonke, namanje ngifuna umuntu obekumele ukuletha isakhiwo kuze kube sekupheleni.