Umuthi 'Chlorpromazine ": ukubuyekezwa odokotela, yokusetshenziswa, ukwakheka kanye nencazelo

izidakamizwa Antipsychotic - izidakamizwa psychotropic, okuyinto zenzelwe ekwelapheni izifo ngengqondo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igama wendabuko izidakamizwa ezinjalo - neuroleptics. Le mithi kungaba nomthelela ngempumelelo izimpawu ezifana okuyize, ukukhohlisa, ukuhhema, wacabanga disorder, ukuyaluza zengqondo, ukuziphatha disorder , nokunye. D. Nikeza lezi izidakamizwa kungenziwa kuphela wazibonela udokotela.

Ethandwa kakhulu izidakamizwa antipsychotic izenzo "Chlorpromazine". Yokusetshenziswa, intengo, ukubuyekezwa, analogs, contra-izinkomba kanye izidakamizwa ethulwa ngezansi.

Ukwakheka, incazelo, ifomu

Yini fomu esivela izidakamizwa "Chlorpromazine"? Imiyalelo, ukubuyekezwa ukubika ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa uyadayiswa yini uhlobo amaphilisi sinombala-pink, kanye isixazululo kwezokuphatha emthanjeni futhi esicutshini. Ingqikithi asebenzayo kusho idatha chlorpromazine hydrochloride. Futhi, kuye ngokuthi ifomu ukukhululwa ziqukethe ezihlukahlukene okungeziwe.

izici kwemithi

Kuyini izidakamizwa emangalisayo "Chlorpromazine"? Yokusetshenziswa, izimpendulo ibonisa ukuthi lesi umenzeli antipsychotic, okuyinto iqembu layo kwemithi libhekisela neuroleptics. It has a hypotensive, antiemetic nemiphumela antihistamine.

Isithako asebenzayo yalesi izidakamizwa kuyinto esuselwe phenothiazine. Ngaphezu kwalezi izakhiwo nomuthi asebenzayo possesses sine hypothermic ababuthakathaka, antipsychotic, kuyacasula zendawo, vasodilating nemiphumela ngokulinganisela M-anticholinergic.

umphumela Antipsychotic ithuluzi ibangelwa ekuvimbeni Dopamine D ₂ receptor futhi izinhlelo mesolimbic Mesocortical. Ngenxa izakhiwo ezinjalo zomuthi uyakwazi ukuqeda ukuhhema, okuyize, nezinye izimpawu elikhiqizayo sengqondo.

Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi "Chlorpromazine", ukubuyekezwa abalwe ngezansi, aqede izinhlobo ezahlukene lengqondo ukuyaluza, ulaka futhi kunciphisa kobukhulu yokwesaba ngengqondo.

umphumela okulalisayo zomuthi ibangelwa ekuvimbeni adrenergic ekhemisi reticular ukuthi zitholakala brainstem.

izakhiwo zomuthi

Yiziphi izindawo esivela nomuthi "Chlorpromazine"? Izibuyekezo babike ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa nomphumela ezicindezelayo phezu moya umsebenzi reflex, ephumula imisipha yohlaka, kunciphisa nokuguqulwa motor umsebenzi, kunciphisa uzwela ezintweni endogenous futhi exogenous nangengqondo engaguquki. Ukusetshenziswa ngemithamo enkulu izidakamizwa kubangela ukozela ezinzima.

Nokuvinjelwa emsipheni vagus ku emathunjini ipheshana Dopamine _D2 receptor ise emetic inhlamvu zone kanye isikhungo inikeza umphumela antiemetic zomuthi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le sakhiwo kwakudingeka bungabathinti receptor M-cholinergic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela walo liphinyiselwe okuqhubekisela receptor-alpha-adrenergic.

Isenzo zomuthi

izidakamizwa "Chlorpromazine" Isebenza kanjani? Izibuyekezo bathi leli thuluzi akwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele imiphumela ukuthi zazibangelwa le epinephrine. Imiphumela yako hypothermic ngenxa nokuvinjelwa Dopamine ezenza zitholakala kule ngxenye.

izidakamizwa Okubukwe kwehlisa umfutho wegazi, kwenhliziyo inyuka, kunomphumela ababuthakathaka antihistaminic futhi wabonisa kataleptogennoe isinyathelo, futhi kunciphisa permeability we ulwelwesi lwama-capillary.

Ukuze abaphathi esicutshini le nomuthi kubangela ukupholisa phakathi kwamahora ¼, futhi ngemva kokuphathwa ngomlomo - imizuzu emva 120. ukubekezelelana isiguli sine futhi hypotensive umphumela yenzeka mayelana phakathi neviki elilodwa.

Uma uthola lo imithi ku izakhiwo yakhe antipsychotic inethonya ngosuku 4th noma 7th. Umthelela zokwelapha zomuthi ihlala izinyanga mayelana 2-6.

I pharmacokinetics zomuthi

Ingabe "Chlorpromazine" ukusivumela? Izibuyekezo libika ukuthi ngomlomo chlorpromazine okusheshayo kodwa hhayi egxile ngokuphelele kusukela isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. igazi lokuhlala wayo isiqongo izuzwe emva 4 h.

Lesi sidakamizwa asitholayo lokuqala udabula isibindi. Ngakho-ke emakamu yayo egazini ngemva kokuphathwa temlomo incane kakhulu ukwedlula emakamu ngemva kokuphathwa esicutshini.

Umuthi is akheka esibindini ukuze nemikhiqizo alisebenzi futhi esebenzayo.

Chlorpromazine has a isibopho okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze plasma amaprotheni. It is esakazwa emzimbeni wesiguli, engena ngokusebenzisa Bbb.

Isigamu-ukuphila zezinto asebenzayo zomuthi kuba imizuzu engaba ngu-30. Ngakho nokuqedwa nemikhiqizo yalo kungenzeka eside.

nomuthi ezibonisiwe kubhekwe kanye umchamo kanye Bile.

Izidakamizwa "Chlorpromazine": izinkomba ukusetshenziswa

Izibuyekezo babike ukuthi izidakamizwa kabanzi lisetshenziswe umkhuba zengqondo. It ezinqunyiwe ekwelapheni ukuyaluza kumuntu nge sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Futhi, lolu izidakamizwa isetshenziswa ezingamahlalakhona sengqondo, acute uthi kokudumazeka, injabulo hypomanic, ukuqwasha, psychopathy, isifo sengqondo, ukukhathazeka, ukwesaba nokukhathazeka.

Ngaphezu izimo izinkomba efakwe ohlwini ukusetshenziswa kwalesi izidakamizwa yilezi: hiccups ophikelelayo, sengqondo oludakayo, ukuhlanza ongalawuleki nesicanucanu esibi. Uma kukhona ubuhlungu izidakamizwa sithuthukisa umphumela analgesics.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le izindlela babelwe kubhekwe yezifo okuyinto ahambisana anda ithoni kwemisipha, ngqi (njengoba ukwelashwa ngokuhlanganyela barbiturates) nangemva thuthuva ezahlukene kwegazi cerebral palsy.

Akunjalo kudala, lokhu izidakamizwa isetshenziselwa hypothermia yokufakelwa sakhiwa Izingxube lytic. Ngo izinzwa le imithi ngokuvamile ezinqunyiwe ukupholisa futhi jikelele izinzwa potentiation.

Ngo dermatological umkhuba "Chlorpromazine" (izimpendulo iziguli mayelana izidakamizwa ngokuyinhloko uhlamvu positive) asetshenziswa Ukulunywa dermatoses. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni acute porphyria uhlamvu.

Izimo

Kwezinye izimo, engamiswanga antipsychotic "Chlorpromazine"? Uphenyo odokotela babike ukuthi leli thuluzi alisetshenziswa uthi comatose evela kunoma yimuphi umthombo, kanye in iziguli abacindezelwe kakhulu isimiso sezinzwa, nesifo esinzima inhliziyo nokungabekezelelani semithambo ukuze ketshezi esebenzayo, isifo okuqhubekayo ebuchosheni futhi umgogodla imvelo letindzala zobuchopho, izilonda emathunjini yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini bese phakathi webele yokudla.

Uma sicabangela ingozi eliphezulu ukusabela hepatotoxic, kusho enqunyiwe ngokucophelela okukhulu e etshwaleni. Kunjalo umdlavuza webele, igazi dyscrasias, Hyperplasia we wendlala indlala, ukufiphala kwamehlo ivaliwe-ifomu, isifo i-Parkinson, isithuthwane myxedema, ukuhlanza, cachexia, Reye syndrome nasebekhulile.

Izidakamizwa "Chlorpromazine": yokusetshenziswa

Tablets izilinganiso okuyinto ethulwa lapha, elisetshenziswa umkhuba zengqondo ukuqala nsuku zonke Isikali elilingana 25-100 mg. Le mali sehlukaniswe 1-4 Ukweqiwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwandisa umthamo zonke izinsuku ezine 25 noma 50 mg ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Nokukhathazeka preoperatively asebenzayo izidakamizwa isiphuzo amahora 2-3.

esiphezulu I umthamo owodwa we-le-ejenti kuyinto 300 mg, kanye nsuku zonke - 1,5 g

Ngokuphathelene isixazululo, iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi noma intramuscularly. Isikali kokuqala kwalesi izidakamizwa 25-50 mg.

Ngaphambi nokuphathwa izidakamizwa kwathiwa buhlanjululwe 2.5 ml isixazululo sodium chloride noma procaine. Imijovo ukwenza umjovo ngokujulile esicutshini.

esiphezulu I umthamo owodwa we-le-ejenti kuyinto 150 mg kanye nsuku zonke - 1 g Njengoba kwezokuphatha emthanjeni, lezi zimiso zivumelana mg 100 250.

imiphumela engathandeki

Okubangela yini imiphumela emibi "Chlorpromazine" (amaphilisi)? Izibuyekezo babike ukuthi kusaqalwa kokwelashwa lesi imithi kungabangela nomlomo owomile, paresis yokuhlala, frigidity, ukozela yanda, ukuqunjelwa, izinkinga zokulala, isiyezi, isifiso kahle, tachycardia, waveza uhlobo hypotension orthostatic, nokugcinwa urinary, potency encishisiwe, njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, awe blood pressure.

ukwelashwa isikhathi eside nale izidakamizwa kubangela imisipha amajaqamba entanyeni ulimi, neuroleptic mkhuba ukucindezeleka Akinetes-eqinile iziyaluyalu extrapyramidal, amenorrhea, akathisia, ukuphendula imisiwe ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, hypercoagulability, ukuhlanza, izinguquko kwengqondo, arrhythmia inhliziyo, lesikhumba kwesikhumba, okusithiyayo of umnkantsha hematopoiesis , gynecomastia, jaundice cholestatic, galactorrhea, giperplolaktinemiyu, oliguria, ukukhishwa yisisu kanye nokuba neuroleptic syndrome ebulalayo. Nge emthanjeni ukumnika phlebitis kwakhiwa futhi esicutshini - lingene.

izincomo ezithile

Ukwelashwa kwaleli thuluzi kudinga ukuzithiba ngokucophelela blood pressure, ishayela, ukusebenza kwe-izinso esibindini.

Lesi sidakamizwa kungabangela photosensitivity, ngakho ngesikhathi wavuma Kunconywa bakugweme kakhulu ukuchayeka kubo.

Analogs kanye nezindleko

Intengo yale imithi incike kundlela ukukhululwa. Okufakiwe-10 vials angathengwa ruble angu-60, kuyilapho esifanayo amaphilisi kuyinto ruble ngu-150.

Ngu analogue yalesi izidakamizwa zihlanganisa "Chlorpromazine hydrochloride" futhi "Tisercinum".

Izibuyekezo

Ngokusho kochwepheshe babhekwa le nomuthi inethonya elinamandla antipsychotic, nokususa zonke izimpawu lengqondo ukuyaluza. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lokhu kusho izibuyekezo bemvelo ezahlukene.

Ezinye iziguli ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa ngempumelelo Alzheimer isifo, ukusangana, sengqondo, isithuthwane nokufa kahle aqede ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Abanye babe abathengi bakholelwa ukuthi imithi kubhekwe kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa zesifo sokuwa, ngesandla Shake, kwempilo ubuntu kanye ngokweqile isimo ukozela.

Kunoma yikuphi, lokhu remedy kumele sisetshenziswe kuphela njengoba kuhlosiwe futhi ngaphansi kokuqondisa udokotela ukuba khona.