Umzila wesithathu wokushintshana komgwaqo waseMoscow: uhlelo kanye nokuqala komsebenzi

Umzila wesithathu wokushintshana komgwaqo waseMoscow yigama elisebenzayo lomzila, okumele uxhumane namagatsha omsakazo okhona futhi akhona. Lokhu kuzokhulula iziteshi zokusebenza. Okulandelayo, sizocubungula indlela iphrojekthi yokushintshaniswa kwe-metro yesithathu isetshenziswa ngayo.

Izidingo zokuthuthukiswa

Njengoba wazi, iMoscow yiyona idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eRussia ne-system eningi kakhulu yokuthutha komhlaba. Iphrojekthi yomugqa wesithathu wokudluliselwa komasipala yaba yindlela yokubonakalisa yombono, owavela ngo-1985. Kwakukhona ekudaleni amagatsha e-chordal aphezulu-khulu ukuxhuma ezindaweni ezikude nezifunda eziphakathi. Ngokuphelele kwakulungisiwe ukwakha imigqa engu-4. Izigaba phakathi kwe-intersection yazo ziyoba yi-3 loop yokufika.

Isiteji esisha

Ngo-2005, uhlelo lokuqhutshwa kwesithathu kweMetro Moscow lwaphinde lwavela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwakhiwa kwe-node ehlanganiswa nesiteshi esisezingeni elingaphansi leMIBC City Centre (iBusiness Centre) kanye nesiteshi seKhodynka Field, lapho kwakhiwe khona indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala yaseGrand Park, yaqedwa. Kanye nalokhu, ingxenye yokuqala yesiteshi sokushintshanisa sesithathu seMoscow - Solntsevskaya Line - yakhiwe ngokuphazamiseka nokulibaziseka. Kulokhu, kunqunywe ukuqala ukwakhiwa kwe-TPK njengegatsha elihlukile. Njengesigaba sokuqala, isigaba esivela ku-Art. "Isikhungo Sebhizinisi" kuya ku- "Dynamo".

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuqaliswa

Isakhiwo sokuqala sendawo yokuqaliswa sisekelwe encwadini yesibili yesifundo sokufeza ukukala ukwandiswa kwegatsha laseKalinin emkhatsini weziteshi ze " Delovoy Tsentr" nase "Narodnoye militia" bese ku-Strogino. Kwaqunyiwe ukuhlanganisa i-radiin Kalinin noSolntsevsky. Ngenxa yalesi siteshi ezimbili "ezikhululiwe". Babeyingxenye yomugqa othi "Solntsevo-Mytischi" (kusukela "kwi-Business Centre" eya "Begovaya"), bese kuthi "i-VDNKh", bese - ukunwetshwa kwesigaba seKalininsky kuya ku-"Militia's People". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banquma ukushiya umugqa wendawo yokuqala. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwakuwukuthola umugqa ovela "kwi-Business Centre" ngokusebenzisa iSibhuloho saseShelepinsky, "iMagistralnoye" esiteshini. "Mnevniki". Kusuka esiteshini sokugcina, igatsha lalandelwa "iDinamo" futhi lidlula endaweni "Khodynka Field". Kule nsimu, izakhiwo azihlelwe ngesikhathi sokuklanywa komugqa kanye nokudala isifundo sokukwazi ukuthola ingxenye yeKalininsky. Yilale ndawo eyaba yitshe legumbi ekwakheni i-TPK.

Iziteshi ezithintekayo

Ngokuvumelana nomqondo wangempela, indlela yokushintshanisa yesithathu yedolobha laseMoscow endaweni yokuqaliswa yayizofaka iziteshi ezingu-9. Kufanele babe:

1. "Shmitovskaya".
2. Shelepihinskaya.
3. "I-Olympic".
4. "I-Prospect ye-Krasnopresnensky".
5. "Polezhaevskaya".
6. "Khodynka Field-1".
7. "Khodynka Field-2".
8. "Leningrad avenue."
9. "Dynamo".

Ubude obuphelele besayithi ngu-9.7 km. Iminyaka emihlanu (kusukela ngo-2005 kuya ku-2010), ukwakha akukwenziwa. Ngo-2011, le phrojekthi yaqina, futhi yaxoxwa futhi. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, izinhlelo ezidlule nazo zahlelwa. Ngakho-ke, ubude bendawo yesayithi langaphambili lancishisiwe libe yi-9.1 km, inani leziteshi ezizobe zizofika ezithandathu. Umugqa omusha wanezelwa emgqeni wokuqala. Kwakudingeka ukwakha umugqa kusuka esiteshini. "I-Petrovsky Park" ("Dynamo") eya "eMaslovka esezansi." Ubude begatsha liyi-1.9 km.

Izinkinga zokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo

I-ring yesibili yesitimela (isiteshi sokushintshana sesithathu) yakhiwa ngokungalingani. Esikhathini, ukucaciswa okuqhathaniswa kwakuhlobene nomsakazo osenyakatho. Ngokuyinhloko, umugqa ovela "eMaslivka osezantsi" uhambele iziteshi "Maryina Roshcha", bese kuthi "Riga", "Krasnoselskaya", bese kuthi "iBaumanskaya" ne "Lefortovo" esiteshini. "Aviamotornaya". Ukusuka lapho, igatsha laseKozhukhov laqala. Kufanele kube yindlela yesithathu yokushintshaniswa komgwaqo waseMoscow engxenyeni engeningizimu, yaqhubeka ingacacile. Ekupheleni kuka-2011, kuhlongozwa isiphakamiso sokuhlanganisa i-radii esenyakatho neyeningizimu. Ngenxa yalokho, umzila wesithathu wokushintshaniswa komgwaqo waseMoscow kufanele udlule kusukela "ku-Khoroshevskaya" ngokusebenzisa "i-People's Militia" (umzila we-Zhukov Avenue), bese uhamba nomgwaqo we-BKL waya ku-Kuntsevskaya ngeNizhny Mnevniki, uMsphurinsky Prospect, Vernadsky ", bese kuthi" iKaluga ", bese kuthi" uKakhovskaya "ngokungeziwe kwalolu daba, bese kuthi" ku-Kashirskaya "ngesiteshi. "Zaton Nagatinsky", okuqhubekayo - ubuciko. "Pechatniki" ne "Tekstilshchiki", "i-Nizhny Novgorod street" futhi ivaliwe esiteshini. "Aviamotornaya". Ngalolu hlobo i-TPK iqoke iSinqumo seHulumeni yenhloko-dolobha ngoMeyi 4, 2012. Kucatshangwa ukuthi umzila wesithathu wokudluliselwa komgwaqo uzosungulwa ngo-2018.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesigaba sokuqala

Endabeni yokusetshenziswa kwalokhu okushiwo ngenhla, isiphetho sesayithi lokuqaliswa kusuka ku-Khoroshevskaya kuya kwiBusiness Centre akucacile. Le ngxenye ayizange ishiywe, nakuba ingafakwa ohlelweni jikelele lwe-TPK njengendandatho. Ukwakhiwa kwalo mzila kuqhubeka njengengxenye yegatsha lokuqala, kodwa umbono oqhubekayo awunqunywanga. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuba ubuyele kunguqulo yokuqala yesifundo sokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo komzila we-Kalininskaya. Ngokuhambisana nalo, ingxenye evela ku-Art. "Isikhungo Sebhizinisi" nge-Art. "Shelepikha" kanti omunye ophakathi uzohlala kuze kube "I-People's Militia". Iphuzu lokugcina lalifanele libe ukufakelwa. Khona-ke igatsha lalizodabula iPr. M. Zhukov esiteshini. "I-Picturesque." Kulesi simo, igatsha leShelepikha-Khoroshevskaya liyoba umzila wokuxhumanisa kabili, futhi sonke isigaba singaba yirejista ezimele.

Ukulungiswa okusha

Zenzeka entwasahlobo ka-2012. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuqhuba ingxenye ukusuka ku- "Riga" esiteshini. "Aviamotornaya" hhayi nge-Art. "Krasnoselskaya" no "Baumanskaya", kodwa ngokusho "Sokolniki" ne "Electrozavodskaya". Lolu khetho luzokwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa futhi kukuvumele ukuba uhambise umzila kusuka Koltsevoy ngisho nangaphezulu. Ngemuva kokuthi uphinde uphambuke, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela ejulile yayihloselwe yonke i-WPK - kusukela ku-Art. "Maslivka esezansi" esiteshini. "Marina Grove".

Izici zesakhiwo sokwakha

Loluhlelo, olufanele luqalise ukudalulwa kwe-loop yesithathu yokudlulisa, evunyelwe esikhathini esizayo ukuba babuyele, uma kunesidingo, inguqulo ye-chord ngenhloso yokudala kokubili umzila nokuhlukaniswa ngokuphelele kwegatsha zibe izingxenye ezihlukene. Ukuqalisa lo msebenzi ngo-2012, uhlelo luye lwachitshiyelwa. Ngakho-ke, ama-node angu-4 e-interchange-node ayenzelwe. Ziziteshi ezihamba phambili ezinezigaba eziphambene neziphambano (ezihlangene) kanye namaqoqo amabili ezinkomfa ze-congress. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuhlela ukunyakaza nganoma iyiphi indlela edingekayo. Njengama-node anjalo yi-Art. "I-Marina Grove", "i-Nizhny Novgorod Street.", "I-Nagatinsky Zaton" nobuciko. "Aminevskoe umgwaqo omkhulu." Njengoba ulwazi lwesayithi "Metrostroy" lubonisa, ilayini lokudlulisa yesithathu (eMoscow) laqala ukwakhiwa "SMU Ingeokom" LLC. Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwesayithi lokuqaliswa kusuka "kwi-Business Center" kuya esiteshini. "Maslivka engezansi" yenziwa yiMetrogiprotrans. Ukwakhiwa kwegatsha lonke kwakwenziwa ekuqaleni nguMosinzhproekt.

Inkambo yokwakhiwa

Njengoba sibheka indlela lolu hlelo lwenziwa ngayo manje, izakhamuzi eziningi zithi umbono we-metro wesithathu uzokwakhiwa ngesikhathi se-2019-2020. Ukwakhiwa kwamagatsha kwaqala ngoNovemba 2011. Ngalokhu okulandelayo, ngo-2012, ngo-Agasti 1, ukufakwa komhubhe owodwa kwaqala ngasekupheleni kwe "Business Centre". Ekuqaleni, kwakulungiswe ukudlula nge-Art. "Khoroshevskaya" no "Shelepikha". Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wawunzima futhi kuphela ngoDisemba 2013 wagcwaliswa. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwaqala imijondolo emibili ngaphezulu: imigudu efanele (empumalanga) nasesentshonalanga (entshonalanga).

Ngalokhu ngo-2013, lolu hlelo luphinde lwashintshwa kancane. Ngakho, isiteshi "uMaryina Roshcha" sahlelwa kabusha esakhiweni esincane. Indawo yayo ishintshelwe enyakatho. Ngenxa yalokho, isiteshi kuphela "Maslivka esezansi" sasihlala isayithi elwandle elwandle. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi ingxenye yemigudu kufanele yakhiwe nge-double-tracking eyedwa, isebenzisa ububanzi obukhulu be-TPRC kunezinye izingxenye. Ngo-2014, ingxenye yesigaba sokuqala (empumalanga) yaqala. Yagijima isiteshi. "Khodynka Field" eya "Petrovsky Park". Lokhu kwakungokugcina kweminye imigudu emine ehambisana neKhodynka Field. Ngo-May wonyaka ofanayo waqala ukuhamba kwesigaba sokungakwesokunxele (esentshonalanga). NgoSeptemba 2014, kunqunywe ukushiya ukwakhiwa kwamagatsha e-chordal. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezintathu zokufakelwa okuhlangene kwakungasadingeki. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi isifunda sasihlala egatsheni laseKozhuhovskaya, "iNizhny Novgorod Street" izoba yi-4 haptnoy.

Isebenza ngo-2015

Namuhla, ukuvulwa kwesisekelo sezingodo Art. "Khoroshevskaya" nobuciko. "Shelepikha", ukuhamba kwemigudu emine. Imisebenzi yokukhonana nayo yenziwa eziteshini "Petrovsky Park", "Khodynka Field". Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-TPMK ifakwe izingxenye ezimbili zomhubhe, umsebenzi wenziwa ngamathrekhi amabili athambekeleyo kanye namatsila esiteshini "Maslivka esezansi". Ekuqaleni, isayithi yayilungiselelwe unyaka wamanje, u-2015, unyaka. Nokho, ngenxa yobunzima obuningi nokulibaziseka, ukuqedwa komsebenzi kwahlehliselwa kokulandelayo, ngo-2016th. Uma umsebenzi uqhutshwa ngaleyo ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi indlela yesithathu yokushintshanisa iMetro Moscow izovulwa ngo-2020.

Uhlelo lwesikhashana lokusebenza

Isiqunto sokusungula saziswe ngoFebhuwari 2015. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhamba kwezitimela eduze kwesayithi lokuqaliswa kanye nesigaba se-Solntsevo se-TPK kuzohlanganiswa nokwakhiwa kwesigaba sokuxhuma ezimbili (i-distillation) phakathi kwe-Victory Park ne-Shelepikha. Ngaphambili kwakulungisiwe ukwakha igatsha elilodwa lokuxhuma. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwengxenye eyinhloko yesayithi ye-Kalininsko-Solntsevo ihlehliselwa ngisho nezinkathi ezizayo. Ngenxa yalokho, iningi labagibeli abahamba ngalolu daba kuzodingeka bashintshe izindiza ku-Victory Park ukuya egatsheni eliphethe i-Arbat-Pokrovskaya. Uma ithrafikhi ihleliwe emigqeni emibili, abagibeli abaningi bazokwazi ukusebenzisa amashadi amasha. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlelwa kwemigwaqo ye-forklift okubonisiwe, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izitimela ezine zegatsha laseSolensevo ezolandela kusukela esiteshini seRamenki nge-Victory Park eya esigabeni se-TPK kuPetrovsky Park. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitimela esisodwa esivela ku- "Victory Park" sizoqhubeka "kwi-Business Center". Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, isiteshi sokugcina ngeke singene kanye nesayithi lokuqala. Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli 2015 iziteshi eziningana zokungena kweyesithathu zathola amagama okuklama. Ngakho, esikhundleni se "Riga" manje "Rzhevskaya", "Marina Grove" waba "Sheremetevskaya", "Kuntsevskaya" kwathiwa "Mozhayskaya", "Nizhny Novgorod street" waba st. "Karacharovo".

Ekuphethweni

Njengoba ungabona, iphrojekthi ye-loop yesithathu yokudlulisa inezinga elikhulu. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukukhulula igatsha elikhulu lomgwaqo. Kuyinto, ikakhulu, iziteshi eziseduze ne-Ring Line. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2013, abasebenzi abathathu be-TPMK kanye nabasebenzi abangu-1 400 babandakanyeke ezingxenyeni ezingu-24 ze-TPK ingxenye yokuqala, ubude obuyi-13.7 km. Ngokungangabazeki, ukuqaliswa kwalesi sigaba kunomsebenzi obalulekile wezenhlalakahle nezomnotho kwi-capital. Akukhona nje kuphela abafuywayo, kodwa futhi ochwepheshe bangaphandle babebandakanyekile ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo.