Imithetho Ibhajethi - ke ... Ingqikithi imithetho yentela

Phakathi kwemukelwa uhulumeni nezindleko nemali izinto 2013 futhi isikhathi sokuhlela 2014-2015. ngenkuthalo waxoxa okuthiwa imithetho yentela. Kwakuyisikhathi Uhlelo eside ukusetshenziswa uwoyela negesi izimali. Isidingo ke ngenxa ukwencika phezulu inzuzo kusuka imithombo.

Ingqikithi imithetho yentela

Logic of the ukwethulwa kohlelo itholakala lokuthi umthamo izibopho ekhona isimo, izindleko, kanye namaphrojekthi yokutshala imali isikhathi eside kwaba esingaphansi kakhulu eminyakeni edlule, kuboshelwe amanani wamanje uwoyela. Ibhajethi obusa - ke empeleni kuthuthukiswe esivumelwaneni imikhawulo yezimali okuhloswe ngaso ekulondolozeni ejenti wentengo iyehla iyenyuka.

Ukuhlobana umbuzo

ERussia kukhona ezahlukene imithetho isabelomali sezimali. Lokhu, isibonelo, ubukhulu amazinga kohlobo oluthile izintela. Ayakhululwa ngoba izifunda kanye nomasipala. umkhawulo izikweletu amagugu futhi khona, uhulumeni kusilela, nokunye. New imithetho isabelomali ngokuphathelene namafutha yokukhokhisa 2012 yabangela ingxoxo. Iqiniso ukuthi izimali zomphakathi kukhona kwencika ngokwanele futhi eziyingozi uwoyela negesi engenayo. Ukwamukelwa kwe-oda entsha ubhekwa isinqumo esiyingqopha-mlando ngoba Russian uhlelo lwezimali kanye umnotho jikelele. imithetho Ibhajethi - indlela ngawo Kulindeleke yonyaka ukuqeda nokungaqiniseki owawuzokwenza abanye iziphetho kaningi yokuphambuka ukubeka phambili ubukhulu amanani kawoyela ngonyaka ozayo. Isidingo hlelo ngenxa yokuthi federal Isikhwama sezimali isigamu izimali zincike izindleko izinto zokusetshenziswa.

ngokucacile

Ukuze 2013 kohlaka izinqubomgomo zezimali kanye isikhathi sokuhlela kule minyaka emibili ezayo kunjongo ziye wabeka. Baye washayelwa ku Isinqumo nguMongameli, sencwadzi eside ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalo nezomnotho kuleli zwe kuze kube 2020-th. Ngaphezu kwalokho, base baba amalungiselelo main ezibekwe Umlayezo Ibhajethi kaMongameli. Kwakuhlelwe ukuba eminyakeni 2013-2015-. imisebenzi ye nokuthuthukiswa kwemiphakathi emkhakheni wezomnotho ziyoxazululwa ngokuya igunya ukuqinisekisa ukusimama komnotho omkhulu, kugcineke eside esele kohlelo zezimali. Kwakufanele ukunciphisa kwencika yayo phezu kwezimo zomnotho angaphandle.

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko

Imisebenzi esemqoka ukuba ixazululwe nokusetshenziswa imithetho isabelomali ezimali, yilezi:

1. Ukuqinisa ukusimama komnotho omkhulu kanye nokusimama kohlelo lwezezimali.
2. Ukuthuthukisa iqhinga ukuze period kuze kuqala-2030.
3. Ukubeka imingcele owawuthi ukuthuthukiswa kuyoba uhlelo impesheni.
4. Ukudala izimo ukuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi yomphakathi izinga lalolo.
5. Ukuhlela kanye nokuqaliswa isigaba esisha ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenzisana tetemnotfo tabohulumende.
6. Ukunikeza nemibandela ekulungiseni nasekuthuleni zoMthetho Federal ku isabelomali 2014-2016 biennium. ngefomethi isofthiwe.
7. Ukuthuthukisa Operation izibopho isimo kanye nempahla Russian Federation.
8. Ukuqinisekisa nokuvuleka futhi obala inqubo isabelomali.

izici Jikelele zoMthetho

Ukuqinisa ukusimama komnotho omkhulu nokuzinza zezimali umthetho imithetho yentela. Lokhu kuzovumela:

• Nciphisa ukwencika uhlelo kwi simo esishubile of izwe emakethe yemandla.
• Ngezelela ukuthembeka ukubikezela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukukhiqiza ivolumu edingekayo kwezimali Russia ezimele.

Ukwamukelwa imithetho okukhiwa up isiphakamiso isabelomali kuhlanganisa ukwaba ku inqolobane Isikhwama isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona uwoyela negesi izimali ngokwandisa izindleko isizinda of izinto zokusetshenziswa. izindlela Focus liphakanyiswe afeze engakafiki isilinganiso esezingeni 7% we-GDP. Uma izindleko Isibikezelo namafutha ngeke libe lincane uma kuqhathaniswa isizinda, bese bevala kwesabelo sezimali, okwenzeka ngenxa zokunciphisa imali, zizokwenziwa kusukela Isikhwama izehlakalo. Uma ufinyelela inani ukubaluleka normative ne kwesamba semali eyengeziwe kusukela uwoyela negesi umkhakha e EnguMbusi Umcebo Isikhwama. Ezinye zalezi zimali ingasetshenziswa finance-infrastraktjha le namanye igunya izinhlelo musa abangele izibopho RF.

Izici Ukuqaphela

imithetho Ibhajethi ukuhlinzekela eziningi zoMthetho esibophezelayo. Ikakhulukazi:

1. Izindleko abekelwe emaceleni kwezimali federal akufanele bube ngaphezu kwenani imali ngenani eziyisisekelo kuka-1% e-GDP.
2. Lonke inani imali esihlelelwe unyaka wezimali uyeza asikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kuka-evunyiwe uMthetho Federal olufanele wezimali Inkomba. Uma kungenjalo kunakwe evamile yokutholwa ukulahlekelwa.
3. Inani ivolumu kuhlelwe izindleko onyakeni wokuqala ngaphandle ukuza isikhathi kunemibandela evunyiwe izindleko ukubaluleka 2.5% ngeke libe lincane uma kuqhathaniswa elihambisana evunyiwe FZ isikhathi.

mshini wezenzo

Uma sokwenyusa amanani yonyaka uwoyela past 3 iminyaka, kuhlanganise kwelamanje, yasungulwa ezingeni ukuthi ayidluli intengo base, ukwakheka isabelomali zokugcina ibalwa kusukela ayisilinganiso inkathi ethile yeminyaka emithathu. Inzuzo kwalesi sikhwama, phakathi kwabanye, Owadala ukuvikelwa kusukela cishe ingcindezi ukubaluleka eziyisisekelo (kokubili ngesikhathi Ukuqina Isikhwama). Balance-Reserve Isikhwama ekupheleni 2008 zaba 9.8% we-GDP, ekupheleni konyaka ozayo - 4.7%, 2010 - 1.7%. Izindleko ngakho ngo-2009 kwaba mayelana 3 trillion ruble. Phakathi nayo yonke inkathi khona-Reserve Isikhwama waphawula iyehla iyenyuka olubonakalayo iphesenti GDP ngokuya obumbi zokugcina. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho kwaba ushintsho olukhulu ngempela iconsi eside kwamanani kawoyela uma ziqhathaniswa eminyakeni eyedlule kuleli zwe yezinxushunxushu engakaze ibe khona.

Khansela umthetho kwezimali

Inani lochwepheshe umusa ukungamukeleki zohlelo yokutholwa. I-agumenti ukubeka phambili ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi ukwanda kumkhawulo kusilela isabelomali inani le ngokweqile uzobe esichithwa utshalomali emnothweni. Ngokusho wezokuThuthukiswa koMnotho, kuyothiwa kakhulu sithuthukiswe izinga lokukhula at ngena 2015 kusilela 1% 1.5 e-GDP (400 bln.). I 2014 sibalo ngaphandle imithetho kungaba 1.1% esikhundleni 0.5% elilinganisiwe. Ibe londoloza imodi okunomthelela elibi hhayi nje ukuthuthukiswa utshalomali yomnotho kazwelonke, kodwa futhi ku ukwakheka sphere social isimo. Abanye abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi ukudluliswa kwemithombo yemvelo ngokwezezimali (ekuqongeleleni imali isikweletu izibopho angaphandle iphepha izimali eNgophezukonke) engeyinhle. Izindleko sokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yayo, imali yokukhiqiza izindawo (kumiswa izinqolobane impahla) akha ezahlukene uhlelo emnothweni kazwelonke.

Ezikhathini zobunzima, ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa kanye ehlukahlukene uhlelo zabo zomnotho kubaluleke ngaphezu esikweletini angaphandle futhi kungadinga imithombo ezimbalwa kakhulu ukulondoloza.

Izimpikiswano esivuna Uhlelo

Njengoba enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu umthetho sezimali umusa sikulungele ukubhekana nezidingo emakethe isikhathi eside uwoyela falling amanani. Uhlelo kumele uvumele ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalela inqubomgomo yentela esikhathini yokwehla noma ukwanda kancane izindleko izinto zokusetshenziswa. Omunye wemigomo esemqoka yoMthetho nokuqaliswa kwalo ukhonza ukuqinisekisa ukusimama komnotho omkhulu, kanye nokubuyekeza yalo kungaba uphawu emibi abatshalizimali. Ekuqaleni ukushicilelwa izinhlelo eziningi sinqume ukuthi bamukela imithetho yangaphakathi kwezikhungo kwesabelomali. Nokho, akukho lutho ngeluhlelo lolufanako akanayo kubo.