"UWalter" - isibhamu womoya. Pistol "Walther P-38"

Walther P38 - kuba self-ukulayisha isibhamu 9-milimitha osezingeni akhiqizwa eJalimane. ukuphila okuqinisekisiwe 10 000 isibhamu. Lwakhiwe izikhali in eThuringia, emzini Zella-Mehlis, inkampani "UWalter K. Vaffenfabrik".

Provenance

Ngo-1936 Fritz Walter g. Kanye unjiniyela Fritz Barthlemensom etholwe sobunikazi ezosetshenziswa uvala isiteshi ebhuthini. Isimiso Its msebenzi ebukhoneni ujikeleze indiza mpo we isiqhebezo. Lesi senzakalo saphawula ukuqala isizukulwane esisha amavolovolo lempi German ngaphansi "UWalter" brand. Ukuqaliswa wokuqala ohlelweni waqalwa ngo samuntu wesine ukuthuthukisa izikhali. Nokho, ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinhlelo zokuxhasa lo mshini wenziwa yini ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kwandulelwe akuphumelelanga okufana inhlangano yakhe emine, okuyinto esetshenziswa inhlamvu uhlobo esicashile. Ngemva kwalokhu imodeli PP 1929 waphethwa. Lokho kwashintsha fuse design kanye inhlamvu indlela. Manje sekuwumkhuba isikhundla evulekile inhlamvu. Ngo-1938, isibhamu German "UWalter" wamukelwa Armed Forces of Germany. sekuyigama elisetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi ekugcineni cishe indawo ngokuphelele "Luger Parabellum,". "Walther P-38" waba isikhali okwandile iningi ibutho lamaJalimane. ukukhiqizwa yayo, ngaphezu insimu ka-Third Reich, ke kwavulwa eBelgium eCzechoslovakia. Ukuze kuncishiswe yinkimbinkimbi senqubo yokukhiqiza phakathi nempi, futhi ikakhulukazi yingxenye yokuphakama kwalo 2nd, ubuchwepheshe lokukhiqiza, "Walther P-38" lwase lwenziwa lula. Izikhali zeminyaka impi ibe sekugcineni rougher kanye nomklamo ngaphandle igobolondo inkomba. Njengoba isibhamu indondo "Walther P-38" lalisetshenziselwa ku iRed Army, abashokobezi futhi amabutho ezinye kwamanye amazwe i-anti-Hitler womanyano.

Umlando ngemva kwempi

Ngemva kwempi, ukukhiqizwa izingalo eJalimane isikhathi eside ke sanqamuka. Hhayi tibuye isibhamu "UWalter" (Ukulwa). Ukukhiqizwa kuqaliswe ensimini iFederal Republic of Germany kuphela ngo-1957 ngaphansi kwegama "P 1" olunikezwe yi Walther ngoba izikhali Bundeswehr. Kusukela ngo-1957, thina ekhiqizwa onobuhle ababili: isibhamu "Walther PPK" futhi "P-1". Bobabili isampula post-yimpi kukhona engasindi (100 g) waphonswa Uhlaka kusuka ingxubevange scandium-aluminium. Nakuba eyenzelwe izidingo isibhamu samaphoyisa P-38, "Walther P-1" senziwa ikakhulu yezwe kwezikhali. imodeli wamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili akhiqizwa izinto eziningi ezincane futhi uzimele steel. Nokho, kuye kwaba kuphela isetshenziselwe ukuthengisa. Ngo-1976, "UWalter" isibhamu "P-1", iye ngcono kakhulu. Ukuze kwandiswe ngokuphila service, kanye ikhono lokusebenzisa cartridges nenkokhiso ezinamandla, izinto ezilandelayo engezwe ku-lo mkhiqizo:

• Uhlaka, esifundeni phakathi esangweni ukubambezeleka futhi isango contactor wamiswa isikhonkwane transverse. Le ngxenye ikuvumela ukusithatha umthwalo umgqomo lapho wadubula. Ngakho sekungenzeka ukuba bandise nokuphila luhlaka engasindi.
• Iziqu baye baqala ukusebenzisa i-plug ocindezelwe liner, eyenziwe Stellite. Lokhu kwaziswa libhekene okusezingeni eliphezulu bafake ukumelana. Ngalesi inkathi anda service iziqu, ngisho ukusetshenziswa kakhulu isibhamu ngokuya ezempi. Futhi intuthuko ovunyelwe ukusebenzisa cartridges namandla kakhulu nge powder kwenkokhiso, ezifana NATO 19 X 9 mm.

izici design

Umsebenzi ezishintshayo brand amavolovolo "UWalter" kungenxa yamandla ukufinyela isiqu inkambo iDemo. Isiqhebezo elise phakathi namagagasi ebhuthini futhi yenza mpo ukunyakaza ukujikeleza, wenza ukukhiya. Ukuze afeze disengagement yakhe kusukela esangweni, kubalulekile ukuba wehlise engxenyeni ezingemuva isiqhebezo. Yena, kuyinto ibha entwasahlobo-ukulayishwa longitudinal, esemgwaqweni isikhukhula ku breech isiqu. Lo mshini wezenzo we isibhamu "Walther P-38" lingachazwa kanje: induku washaya ukusebenza ukufinyela emgqonyeni ku uzimele. Ngenxa yalokho, isiqhebezo iphendukiswa bayazehlukanisa. Ngemva licindezele iziphethu amabili ukubuya. Basuke esisogwini izinduku Umhlahlandlela anemifantu in the ifremu (phezulu). Khona-ke, lapho decompression entwasahlobo odlulela stem umshudo kanye pin entwasahlobo-ukulayishwa efakwe endaweni efanayo, kanjalo ukukhulula isiqhebezo. Lokho kubanika, kuyinto ngaphansi kwethonya wotho ophakamayo futhi wenza ne yokucina.

ukwakhiwa jikelele

Pistol "Walther P-38" has izingxenye 58. Phakathi kwabo:

• Mshini inhlamvu (USM) - has a action double, ifakwe ku-trigger evulekile. Isibambo kuyinto ezisontekile isinyathelo entwasahlobo ka uhlobo cylindrical. inhlamvu silingo lapho hammer esimweni cocked - 2.5 kg, ngaphandle samovzvodom - 6.5. Trigger ibha imibhobho ngaphandle ngakwesokudla ifremu.
• Hlola ibhokisi - esetshenziswa ngesandla ukulawula fuse. ElisoGwini yesivalo kwesokunxele. Lapho ibizwa sehliselwe ukuqhuba ephephile Uzalo isando cocked. Futhi kuza lock isando. Ukujikeleza limiter inhlamvu ivinjelwe, kungenzeka ukubuya isikhundla sokuqala phambi cocking isimo yena ku-intanethi.
• Trigger.

ukusebenza ikakhulukazi

iyunithi isakhi isici inhlamvu isibhamu "Walther P-38" kudala izimo ezithile ekusebenziseni yayo, ikakhulukazi umongo imisebenzi yezempi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-isikhundla izinkontileka hook ngokuvamile lihlotshaniswa fuse kuhlanganisiwe. Umsebenzi indlela has umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama alandelayo:

• Trigger isici isethelwe isikhundla phambili lapho kokucima fuse. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokubhekisa ifulege phezulu.
• Uma fuse icishiwe, hook uhlala endaweni efanayo kwakunjalo ngaphambi ukwehlisa ifulege.
• Lapho cocking uhamba isando hook kwindawo labaqaphi elingemuva.
• Uma Leli qembu noma ngingekho ukuhlanekezela yokushutha, ilungu yesivalo siyohlala isikhundla phambili lapho fuse.
• Uma fuse usesimweni ON, esangweni ngeke ngesivalo, ke kungahlanekezela. Kulokhu inhlamvu esuswa yokuvala, futhi inhlamvu lithuthela isikhundla salo labaqaphi elingemuva.
• Ukuze kulondolozwa isibhamu ngisho nangemva ukuvala shaqa kwenzeka lapho isikhundla ezingemuva inhlamvu, udinga likhala. Ngemva kwalokho, le-fuse okumelwe zifakwe.
• Uma inhlamvu yethulwa ngesandla esebenzisa ababambelela bese ucindezela hook inhlamvu kuthatha ngaphambili isikhundla.
• Njengoba nje ibutho labaqaphi icishiwe, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa imodi shot DA noma ngemva ukushaja. Esimeni sesibili, ukwehla kuyoba omnene kakhudlwana futhi iDemo.
• It wenza indima uncoupler inhlamvu ibha. Ngemva kokudubula esangweni surface ekhiqizwa abaxhumana nayo nalo. Kule yokugcina lehliselwa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela yenza Ukukhipha ne sear. Isibani Single kungenzeka kwenzeka ukuthi inhlamvu lehliselwa lize lithi khimilili. Kulokhu, amandla inhlamvu edonswa, eqala.
• Ukuze uvimbele shot ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi "nedohoda" esangweni kwindawo ikhiyiwe, kubalulekile ukwenza Ilokhi labadubuli pin nge-fuse othomathikhi. Itholakala ngenhla inhlamvu. Ukuvula lo mgadli kudingeka ukuhumusha nesango isikhundla, usebenzisa isigwedlo ephakamisa. Itholakala kwi ezingeni elifanayo nge inhlamvu.

incazelo

Gcina isibhamu "Walther P-38" iqukethe hhayi ningi than 8 imizuliswano. Isiqhebezo kuvela ezingemuva (phambili) ohlangothini isibambo. esitolo umsebenzi isiqhebezo engikhiphela entwasahlobo senzo. Ngenhla inhlamvu emhlane ipuleti yokushutha, pointer elise. Njengoba kungenzeka ukunquma ukuba khona igobolondo ekamelweni. Inkomba ine uhlobo a mncane induku projecting onqenqemeni. Ukuqaqa isibhamu "UWalter" kuyinto kuqonde nje ngqo. Uma konke cartridges asetshenziswa futhi esitolo ngeke sibe nalutho, shutter kumele elihunyushwe kwindawo labaqaphi elingemuva. Uma othile isidingo sokubuyela ke kusimo sangaphambilini kungenziwa kwehlisa ukubambezeleka isigwedlo ngoba valve. Kuyinto ezingeni elifanayo nge inhlamvu elementi Uhlaka ngakwesokunxele. Uma isango isibhamu akuyona esitolo ezingenalutho ke ukususa umshudo, kubalulekile ukuba kancane aqhele. Khona-ke kufanele ikhishwe. Uma umagazini isivele ukulayishwa, lesi senzo doshlet igobolondo ekamelweni futhi "UWalter" (isibhamu) kuya isexwayiso.

Ngokucacile isibhamu design "Walther P-38"

1. Kulesi isibhamu isebenzisa ezimbili ezincane ubukhulu entwasahlobo ukubuya. Basuke ahlelwe parallel nomunye in the ifremu, ngezansi esangweni.
2. I ejector sinendawo ngakwesokunxele, ukuze amacala igobolondo ukunweba kuze kufike ohlangothini lwesobunxele.
3. Ukuze unike amandla ibhokisi fuse kufanele akhanyiswe phansi.
4. Trigger ibha indlela ine indawo engaphandle. Itholakala kwi uzimele ngakwesokudla.
5. Isici esiphawulekayo isibhamu "Walther P-38" - lena umshudo lemifisha imbobo enkulu phezulu. Lo mklamo esangweni kuyimfuneko lamasosha. Siyabonga kuye, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza umlilo ngokusebenzisa umqhewu observation, okuyinto yaphelela ngezingubo zempi.

isibhamu izinhlobo "Walther P-38" kanye ukuhlela kabusha yayo

1. Walther AR - sibonelo, 1936, HP - sibonelo yesibili.
2. Pistol P-38 ( "UWalter"). Iminyaka zokukhiqiza: Kusukela ngo-1939 kwaze kwaba sentwasahlobo ka-1945. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-1945 kuya ku-1946 bevela ezingxenyeni ngaphambilini ekhiqizwa senziwa ngisho inani elincane kwezibhamu lokhu model. Bese-ke, kusukela ngo-1957 kuya ku-2004, isikhali abulawa ngaso ekhiqizwa ezindaweni eziningana kuleli iFederal Republic of Germany.
3. "UWalter P-38.K" - inguqulo yesimanje isibhamu nge saba 72 mm emgqonyeni. Watshelwa ngo-1944 kwamaNazi Security ukuphathwa abasebenzi neminyango ngayinye izikhali DM-SS futhi amaGestapo. Okuqinile Spree-Werke GmbH ukhiphe ayizinkulungwane eziningana izibhamu lokhu model. Ngaphambili emehlweni senziwa ezishaywayo ne esangweni-bezinhlamvu futhi ingxenye yayo. Kodwa agcinwe ngokuphelele ukulungiswa umsebenzi. Pistols "P-38.K" by Walther isitembu ingena esikhundleni cyq. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lo imodeli elasetshenziselwa izikhali Ministry of State Security e-GDR. Esikhathini kusuka 1974 kuya 1981 ngo "UWalter Vaffenfabrik" ngoba izidingo anti-amaphekula ekhethekile amabutho izisebenzi eJalimane Isikhishwe amavolovolo 1500 "P-38.K". Futhi 200 zazisetshenziselwa igobolondo osezingeni 7,65 "Parabellum".

Walther Umarex

"Umareks Walter" - emoyeni isibhamu osezingeni 4.5 mm. Producer - inkampani German Umarex. Ngokuyisisekelo, lo imodeli - ikhophi self-ukulayisha isibhamu isibhamu "P-38", ekhiqizwa ngo-1938 futhi waba ngomunye izikhali ethandwa kakhulu WWII. Ukubukeka izikhali zanamuhla nge ukunemba iphindwa prototype layo elidala. Air Gun "UWalter PPK S" ( "Umareks") wenziwe Alloys ferro. Isebenzisa uhlelo "Bloubek". It amakhophi "UWalter" isenzo nezibhamu othomathikhi brand. Air isibhamu ifakwe isici inhlamvu ngesikhathi esisodwa. It ikuvumela ukuba wenze iqembu ukuthethwa kwecala. Shop "Walter P-38" ( "Umareks") kunesithembiso 20 amabhola. Shot ine Isivinini kokuqala mayelana 115-120 m / s. Ubukhulu we isibhamu - 21 x 13 x 3 cm esiqwini esikhiphekayo -. Esinye isici esivelele, esinomthwalo isikhali.

Model "P-99m"

Pistol "UWalter" kuhlasimulise yisihumusho ngcono lolu hlobo isikhali. Leli akulona ukuguqulwa zempi Walther P-99. Le modeli uvele cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo ne kuhlasimulise isibhamu "Walther PP". Kule ndaba, kwakukhona ukuphikiswa komunye nomunye izingalo. izici ngokuqhathanisa lezi izibhamu kucishe. Bobabili onobuhle ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu ezifanayo ubuthakathaka futhi ungasizi. Umahluko omkhulu - ukubukeka kanye nenani kanyekanye ukushaja cartridges. On the iphuzu yokugcina umholi ongenambangi, sibonga esitolo evulekile for 15 imizuliswano iyona "UWalter" - isibhamu "P-99m." Nokho, inzuzo enkulu ayikwazi ngokuthi, ngoba uma eyodwa shot akakwazi ukunqanda isitha, wonke 15 ayikwazi kubhekwe isivikelo ezivikela. Ukubukeka kuhlasimulise isibhamu "Walther P-99m" kuhle ezithakazelisayo futhi ekhangayo. Empeleni, yilo uhlangothi lwalo iyona ovusa kakhulu ngenxa izici zayo ezisebenzayo we "UWalter" (isibhamu) akusho ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ngokugcwele kudingeka. Ngokwesibonelo, ezifana kalula ukugcinwa kanye egqoke induduzo. "UWalter" isibhamu "P-99m", has usayizi isilinganiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ngokuthi ephaketheni, ngoba akukho ephaketheni ejwayelekile okukodwa ngeke ilingane. Kodwa futhi onobuhle ezinkulu liphinde akunakwenzeka ukuba ngisithwale. Isisindo isibhamu esibuhlungu, sibonga ingxenye encane steel ingxubevange okuqukethwe 600 g, okuyinto izikhathi 1.5 isisindo imodeli P-22T. plus isibhamu "Walther P-99m" ungamandla. Lokhu kungenxa ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni ama-aluminium ingxubevange izingalo kanye nokuntuleka ukuvuleka e-nezezindlu esangweni. Nokho, isibhamu inhlamvu is nangezingane ingxubevange, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi kuba ikakhulukazi ebucayi ukuze izinhlobo ezahlukene ukungcola kanye nokuhlanza, okuyinto yena, uye wabangela isikhathi elincane ubuqiniso element inhlamvu.

P-88, P-99

Pistol "UWalter" (gas) - i-analog imodeli lempi. Njengoba lase linqume ukuthola izikhali ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho. Okokuqala, ngaphambi wokuvula isembozo nge gas cartridges uhlangothi lwalo yangaphandle kufanele kuhlolelwe khona powder emhlophe noma aphuzi. Endabeni ka ukuthola yalo, ibhokisi is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba uvule, kusukela khona-plaque kubonisa ukuvuza cartridges. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uthenga nabo kudingeka uhlole ukuqokwa yomenzi kwilebula phansi liner, kanye ukuhlola ukuhambisana okuqukethwe langempela ilebuli iphakethe.