Uyini iklabishi: grade, incazelo, isithombe, ukutshalwa

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi iklabishi iyasiza nemifino esihlwabusayo. It ligcwele amavithamini kanye izakhi trace adingwa umzimba womuntu. Ngaphandle iklabishi iphekwe isobho. Its isibilile, iyisitshulu, zicwiliswe, nokunye. D. yemifino fresh ukuthi isetshenziswa salads ehlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi engadini siqu ngokuvamile esekhulile lesi sitshalo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi. Kukhona zinhlobo njenge-broccoli nokholifulawa amahlumela, iklabishi, Brussels amahlumela, kukhona ngisho kubanga oluthile lwento ephilayo. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu. Ukuze zikhule isivuno esihle, isivakashi ehlobo idinga ukwazi ezihlukahlukene imbewu kanye nezici zayo. Ukuze izinhlobo ezahlukene izitsha ezifaneleke uhlobo yakhe iklabishi.

izici Jikelele

Ukutadisha kwenzekani iklabishi, kufanele sinake izici zayo. Zonke izinhlobo ngaphandle Beijing, leaf, izinhlobo Chinese namakhaladi izitshalo biennial. Lapho ukuzalela kumelwe ibhekwe zemifino. Ngonyaka wokuqala ukuthi ziyizinhlobo eziningi kanjani biennial ukuthuthukisa rosette amaqabunga kanye isitoreji izitho (ikhanda). Ukuqoqa imbewu ukulima, kudingeka ulinde kuze kube unyaka ozayo.

Zonke izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu 3. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ilungele iqoqo phakathi kwezinyanga 2-3 emva ukuvela. isivuno Isilinganiso isivuno izinhlobo ngemuva kwezinyanga 3-5, futhi kamuva - emva kwezinyanga ezingu-5-7.

Kuye zizalela ngezinhloso, kubalulekile ukubala inkathi iqoqo. Uma udinga iklabishi entwasahlobo for salads fresh, nakanjani ukhetha zakuqala-uhlobo amasiko. izinhlobonhlobo Late efanelekayo evuna imifino ebusika.

yisithombo

Efuna ukubeka engadini yakhe lokhu yemifino emangalisayo, kumele wazi ukuthi ikhula iklabishi, efana ekutshaleni imbewu yayo. Isikhathi ekahle yokuzalela izithombo kubhekwe Februwari - Meyi. Kulokhu, qiniseka ukuba acabangele, lapho ukulinda sokuvuna.

Imbewu engcono etshalwe izimbiza nge Peat. Izithombo asikubekezeleli transplanting. Ngakho-ke, basuke kwesokunxele kulezi amathangi. Uma izithombo kuyoba izinsuku 40-60, basuke ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini kule esitsheni, lapho akhulela khona. Ungenza lokhu kancane ekuqaleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba abenzele izimo ukhululekile kakhulu.

Uma kuwukuthi ekuseni entwasahlobo zokutshala wenziwa greenhouse. Lapha yesithwathwa ngeke ukulimaza izitshalo. Babe bakhulela ezifana isimo eqinile nenempilo, ukulungele sikhule endle.

Umlando kulinywe

Izithombo of iklabishi, izinhlobonhlobo aziwa nathi namuhla, ezikhulayo imibhede yabantu basendulo babeze 4 ayizinkulungwane. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Lokhu zemifino eziye zanyatheliswa kuyi-Central, Mediterranean Western futhi iye yasetshenziswa njengomuthi ukudla yasendulo Roma, abaseGibhithe nakumaGreki. Isihlobo iklabishi, kusukela lapho izinhlobo zanamuhla of Kochan, ezihlukahlukene leaf.

Ngo inqubo ukuthuthukiswa impucuko futhi ukuhweba izitshalo, lisetshenziswe ukudla, ke ngaqala ukutshala nokuthengisa ezindaweni empumalanga. Ngokuhambisana nemigomo ye-sezulu, inhlabathi yaqala ukubonakala izinhlobo ezintsha iklabishi.

Ezweni lethu, lesi sitshalo kuzofanele 13-15 ekhulwini iNtshonalanga Yurophu. Iklabishi kuba ngokuqinile empilweni izakhamuzi Russia. Lapha liye kutshalwa izinhlobo eziningi. Nabo futhi manje timbiwa emazweni angomakhelwane. Ekhulwini le-19 kwakukhona 22 izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi. Ezinye zazo ahlukile.

Ngo nenkathi zangaphambi wamavukelambuso emadlelweni ethu thina zaqala ukuhluma imbewu amazwe zalesi sitshalo. Beyizalaniselana izinhlobo bomdabu, banika eziningi izinhlobo ezintsha. Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-20, abalimi baletha izinhlobo nge isivuno anda, ukumelana isimo sezulu.

nzalo

Namuhla ezweni lethu kukhule kokubili zinhlobo zendawo amazwe amelelwe isiko. inani lawo manje AmananiBUDGET_NAME 133 zilwane. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezithile iklabishi nzalo. Banginikeza F1 umaka.

Ngo ukwakheka lwabo lwendabuko kufakwe 24 futhi 58 sawela izitshalo eyayenziwe amazwe. Abazalanisi ukusebenza kulesi siqondiso nendlela yokudala izinhlobo ukuthi amelana uma isimo sezulu sisibi.

Ukuqoqa isivuno ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kungenzeka ukuba adle lokhu yemifino unyaka wonke. Imihlobo bokuqala uvuthwe ngo-Ephreli. iklabishi Late kuveza a kokuvuna kuze Okthoba. Okungenzeka ukugcina imifino isikhathi eside.

iklabishi

Omunye ezivamile ezweni lakithi iklabishi. Ibanga, incazelo esifanelana leli qembu futhi ihlukaniswe yaba ekuqaleni, maphakathi kanye sekwephuzile. Akumele zingatshalwa endaweni efanayo.

Yisithombo ikhula kahle eduze anyanisi, amazambane, utamatisi kanye ukhukhamba. Umhlabathi ngokwawo uzilungiselele ekwindla. Umanyolo wayo ngemba nokwenza (umquba, humus) e isamba 4 kg / m². Entwasahlobo phansi khulula. Kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe umquba. Imithombo yatshalwa izithombo. Lo mgodi egcwele humus kanye fertilizer. Ngokulandelayo, amanzi is batheleka kubo. Lapho-ke amuncwa umzimba, qala ku ngamunye kahle ukusungula izithombo. uhlelo yabo impande kufanele ibe clod zomhlaba.

Ibanga at kokwehla kumele kube 75h35, 60x40 noma 50x50 cm. Ezinsukwini zokuqala of ukuthambisa Kwenziwa emhlabeni isitshalo ngasinye nsuku zonke. Ngemva kwamasonto angu-1.5-2 kungenziwa bazithela endaweni ingqikithi imbali imibhede.

Ethandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu izinhlobonhlobo ezifana ekuseni: Inombolo eyodwa Gribovsky 147 (ikhanda 1-1.5 kg), I-June (1-12 kg); Mid-: 1432 Golden ehektheleni (1.2-2 kg) Stakhanovite 1513 (1.5-2.5 kg); Okudala: nayizimfundamakhwela 611 (2.5-3 kg) Isikhucululi 1474 (3.5-4 kg).

Scotch Kale

Ngokutadisha kwenzekani iklabishi, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele lolu hlobo njengoba inhlobo obomvu. Lokhu zenyathi kungokwalabo iqembu odlule kwamasiko. It is zihlukaniswa ngemibala onsomi-bomvu amaqabunga kanye iklabishi ikhanda. Kuyinto ezikwazi ukumelana izitshalo abandayo. Isetshenziselwa amasaladi, kuhlanganise wezokudla. Lokhu amanzi okugqumisa zemifino. ayelapha zezitshalo kabanzi abantu imithi.

Lokhu isiko Wawusemhlabathini ekhanyayo. ukukhula kwakhe eside izinsuku 160. Uyabakhathalela nokutshala izithombo ekhiqizwa efana iklabishi. izinhlobo ezaziwa - Isibonelo F1 (4 kg) Firebird (3 kg), Juno (1.2 kg).

savoy

Savoy iklabishi (isithombe ethulwa kamuva) uye esishwabene amahlamvu. Basuke embozwe Bubbles kanye semfene. It is kudliwa fresh noma emva kokwelashwa ukushisa. Elondolozwe lokhu yemifino akuyona nje ke uyisihlobo iklabishi. Kodwa ukunambitheka kanye nezici wezokudla lizidlula kude lakamuva.

isiko Savoy has wokuqukethwe lelisetulu izingxenye Vitamin C, amaminerali kanye amaprotheni. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene Simila ngendlela efanayo njengoba izinhlobo odlule. Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele imigomo ukufika izithombo zakhe.

Popular grade - Mila 1 (3 kg), iJubili 2170 (0.8 kg), Ububanzi (2.5 kg).

kohlrabi

iklabishi Savoy, isithombe okwakubekelwa ebhalwe ngenhla, it is zihlukaniswa nezimfanelo zayo wezokudla, kodwa lilondolozwe kabi. Ngakho-ke Omuny steel grade esetshenziswa ezifana kohlrabi ekulungiseleleni izitsha ezahlukene.

Lokhu Isiqu iklabishi has simise eyindilinga. Lokho-ke isetshenziswa isobho, amasaladi. Lokhu yemifino okukhishwe ezithela esikhulu wokuqukethwe lelisetulu vitamin C odingekayo ngosuku Simila abamba ukushisa futhi indlela evulekile. Izitshalo zitshalwa at ibanga 25x15 cm.

Ukuvuna senzeka lapho neziqu baba 8-10 cm ububanzi. Ezweni lakithi avame esekhulile Picante (0.5-0.9 kg), Vienna White 1350 (2.5 kg).

Brussels amahlumela

Umthombo wamaprotheni kubantu umzimba bangaba Brussels amahlumela. Ngalokhu ipharamitha emelelwa grade phambili belokochannaja iqembu 1.5. Lesi sitshalo has a stem ubude, okuyizinto encane kochanchiki ukuthuthukisa ku axils amahlamvu ezincane.

Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo kuyadingeka ukuze uqinise ishidi yokudla izitshalo nitric. Lapho ukukhula kochanchiki iqala, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa phosphorus-potassium umquba. amahlumela ezikhulayo endle libhekene njengoba inqubo kunalokho eside. Izithombo ezibekwe imithombo at a imvamisa 60x60 noma 70x70 cm. Lesi simila ayidingi ngenkasa obuningi. Kuphela ikakhulukazi nezikhathi owomile kuyadingeka ukulandelela ezingeni ezanele umswakama.

abalimi Domestic esekhulile izinhlobo ezifana Hercules 1342 (20-30 kochanchiki), nekasiya (60-70 kochanchiki).

ukholifulawa

Uma sicabangela lokho iklabishi kuyinto, asinakulishalazela omunye ezihlukahlukene ethandwa. ikhanda lakhe kudliwa, kubukeka sengathi proliferating kakhulu inflorescence. Yingakho igama ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu ukholifulawa.

It ngokushesha okukhulu ayohlabelela. emva kwezinsuku nje ngemva 15-20 ukutshala izitshalo enhlabathini, ikhanda lakhe isivele efanelekayo ukudla. Lokhu yemifino uthambile futhi esinamanzi. Lungisa ke kuzo zonke izindlela kunokwenzeka.

Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi isiko ikhula ezingeni lokushisa 14-17 degrees. Kulesi umswakama inhlabathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingase ibe ongaphakeme. Lesi sitshalo akakubekezeleli umoya onamandla ezomile. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale ezweni avundiswa ngomanyolo, humus. Batch lokuqala izithombo ukungezwa imithombo ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Kamuva, ungenza enye ikholi 2-3 ne izinsuku ezingu-10 isikhawu. Ukuvuna wenziwa izinyanga 2-2.5.

Namuhla izinhlobo funa sifana neqhwa imbulunga (650-850 g), Express (350-500 g).

broccoli

Broccoli nokholifulawa kukhona izihlobo eziseduze. Kodwa kuqala wabo futhi tastier. Ngo-broccoli ikhanda alengayo eligoqiwe. Ukudla ubuye ezifanele kanye phansi izithombo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu ezihlukahlukene ubizwa nangokuthi broccoli.

Lolu hlobo linesizotha kuya izimo ezikhulayo. Kungaba ngokushesha vyseevat emhlabathini ngasekupheleni April. Uma ufuna ukuqoqa isivuno ekwindla, wakhe uhlale phansi Juni. Kungenzeka futhi ukutshala izithombo. Kuba eqinile kakhulu ngosuku 35-45 emva ukuvela amahlumela. imithombo Isikhawu kuyinto 20x50 cm. Kudingekile athambise umhlabathi, imibhede ukhula zizinisele. Izinhlobo Iningi likhule Linda (0.5 kg), Monterey (1.9 kg).

Kale

Uma indawo zezulu libhekene sasehlobo esifushane, kuhle ukucabangela esikhundleni yokuzalanisa Kale. Lena isitshalo biennial. ekilasini Kwethulwa kuhlanganisa aklaba nezinhlobo zokuhlobisa.

Zonke izinhlobo leaf iklabishi ingasetshenziswa ukulungiselela izitsha ezahlukene. Ikakhulukazi ngemva frost. Kodwa iningi lalezi zinyoni alinywa njengoba esimila Ornamental engadini. Isiko has a amaqabunga pinnate olunezintambo-ezimise. umbala wabo kuhluka green violet.

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene kungenziwa itshalwe ku ekhanyayo yisithombo indlela. Akudingi semali umswakama.

Ishidi iklabishi ukwenza amasaladi, ukusetshenziswa kwalo njengenhlangano okufakiwe ngesikhathi pickling. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ishidi band bahlanganisa nabanye izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi Chinese. Nokho, lokhu isiko zingatshalwa Kochan namafomu polukochannoy. Ngokungafani leaf izinhlobo, iklabishi efunwa kakhulu kwi ukuthambisa. Kodwa isivuno salo kuphezulu ngenxa ukuvuthwa iDemo.

izakhiwo yokudla okunempilo namakhambi okwelapha

Kungakhathaliseki zilwane, Kale has eliphezulu a umsoco. izinhlobo eziningi asetshenziselwa njengoba ukudla wezokudla. ethosiwe wakhe, iyisitshulu, kulolo ketshezi futhi kudliwa eluhlaza.

Kuye ngokuthi izimo ukukhula, yemifino uthola iqoqo elithile izakhiwo. Uma ukuthambisa uye zingawatholi, in the iklabishi kuyodingeka ushukela kancane. Ngesikhathi lokushisa nokukhanya izimo elikhulu ke ekwazile buthelela kavithamini C. Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa esincane amaprotheni zemifino. Kodwa kahle amuncwa umzimba womuntu.

Futhi, lokhu zemifino liwumthombo ocebile amavithamini. Kulaba micronutrients iqukethe calcium, potassium, phosphorus, isibabule, chlorine. Lo mkhiqizo ewusizo hhayi kuphela fresh kodwa futhi zifakwe emanzini anosawoti fomu. Lisetshenziswa njengendlela ithuluzi ezengeziwe bheke zamatshe kusukela kwesibindi, nenyongo sesinye, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukugaya.

Ukukhetha iklabishi ezihlukahlukene ngoba pickling, udinga ukuba banake Slavyanka, Yuzhanka 31 Biryuchekutskuyu 138 Volzhanka 9. Lokhu izitshalo okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuhoxa. Bakha ikhanda elikhulu. Abakuchaza wokuqukethwe lelisetulu ushukela obuhambisana izinga inqubo ukuvutshelwa. Zonke amavithamini namaminerali izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi ekhona benza izenzo ezibonisa ahileleke izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni.

Abantu ababeka njalo ukudla kulo mkhiqizo, kwandisa amasosha omzimba, siya ukugaya kangcono. Ngakho-ke, izazi zokudla zitusa ukudla lokhu yemifino ezihlukahlukene izifo futhi nokuvikela. A ezihlukahlukene amamaki etholakalayo namuhla uvumele eyolanda nguqulo ye umkhiqizo ukudla ngamunye ngokusho ukunambitheka yakho.

Njengoba lokho iklabishi kuyinto, ungakhetha ezihlukahlukene kangcono engadini yakho. ukunakekelwa Proper kuzokwenza ukuba abuthe isivuno ocebile. ukudla njalo lokhu ukudla imifino, kungayithuthukisa impilo, umfutho amasosha omzimba, ngisho ukuqeda ezinye izifo.