Wildlife of Africa, izici zayo kanye nencazelo

A zwekazi elikhulu, okuyinto ngobukhulu yembulunga - kuba Afrika emangalisayo futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Idume ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, iziqhingi eziningi, okuyinto asakazeke njengothuli olwandle emhlabeni izwekazi, futhi ezihlukahlukene imvelo acwebile.

Endaweni Afrika angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30,3 square metres. km. Lena 6% surface yomhlaba. Along azungezwe nezwekazi wageza andle ezimbili (i-Indian kanye ne-Atlantic) kanye ezilwandle ezimbili (LwaseMedithera Red).

labantu Afrika has ngaphezu kwabantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane abahlala emazweni 55. Isikhathi esiningi Arabhu. Isilinganiso sobude bokuphila - iminyaka engaba ngu-45. Ulimi ezivamile - Arabhu. Izinkolo ezinkulu - ubuKristu nobuSulumane. Ezindaweni impumalanga yezwekazi ukusakaza ubuBuddha, ubuHindu.

izimila

ubunjalo Afrika - kuba nezwe emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele egcwele ubuhle kanye imfihlakalo. UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki izimila izwekazi okunhlobonhlobo: amahlathi coniferous kanye emaqeleni ezomile yokwelula eduze ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu, amahlathi emvula enkabazwe, nasogwini amahlozi esiqinile nezihlahla.

Emahlathini emvula sikhule ezingaphezu kuka 25,000 zinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo. amahlathi Intaba zitholakala enyakatho-Afrika. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu ekutshaleni lezihlahla: tinhlobo letehlukene oki, Aleppo Pines, firs iSpanishi, imisedari satin.

Wildlife of Africa libonisa ngokucacile eyihlanze. Le ndawo asemaqeleni, lapho, ngaphezu utshani, kukhona esiyize nohlaza bok. Cereal ezivamile indlovu utshani. Okunjalo isihloko ethola ngokuqondene yokuthi izindlovu kakhulu othanda umkhosi wakhe.

Ngezikhathi zemvula zonke izimbali zawo ziwukudla lapha, izimila iba aminyene futhi oluhlaza. Ngo nenkathi eyomile, okuyinto evame ihlala kufika izinyanga eziyisithupha, afana ophuzi savannah asemaqeleni wokushiswa.

ikhadi Ukuvakashela, uphawu zaleli zwekazi neyaziwayo baobab. Lokhu giant Afrika akesabi nesomiso. Iqiniso lokuthi ngenkathi yezimvula, yena imbues isiqu wakhe ngamanzi. Ohlukile Lesi sihlahla kuthiwa sesineminyaka nempilo ende yayo ezimangalisayo (iminyaka 5000). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu izimbali zawo ziwukudla giant kanye kuphela ekuphileni kwakhe isikhathi eside.

Nature North Africa

Le ndawo eqhubeka e isiqeshana ewumngcingo enyakatho yaleli zwekazi. Iningi Sahara iyihlane - endaweni ezishisayo Emhlabeni.

Ikakhulukazi enyakatho imvelo Afrika itholakala lokuthi ukuthi izitshalo ambalwa asinde lapha. Iningi flora zalezi zindawo - ezihlukahlukene wamaSundu. oki ingasaphathwa ezivamile, azithele ngabandayo, imithi yeminqumo zikagamthilini.

Isilwane ezivamile eNyakatho Afrika angabhekwa ikamela. Le ngxenye nezwekazi ubuswa nakwezifudumele (kwezinye izindawo ezishisayo) sezulu. Ngokusemthethweni eqoshiwe lokushisa esiphezulu emthunzini kwaba degrees 58. Ebusika kukhona yesithwathwa, ngisho ebusuku.

izimo zezulu

ukwehluka Omkhulu bemvelo e-Afrika! Enyakatho ye entwasahlobo - isikhathi iziphepho zesihlabathi. Baletha nomoya ovela Sahara hasmin. Iziphepho ingahlala ejele usuku olulodwa kuya ngesonto.

Ngo eNyakatho Afrika (Egypt, Libya, Mauritania) sezulu entwasahlobo Akumangalisi njalo - uma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kufika ukushisa, bese lona, liyokuma kuze kube Meyi. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana sezulu cool futhi kunomoya. Ekugcineni, izinga lokushisa isethwe ekuqaleni Meyi. Ngalesi sikhathi ama-thermometer wayesenze amaphutha ngokuqiniseka zenzeke ngesikhathi-degree amathathu uphawu.

Ihlobo liyashisa kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Egypt phakathi lokushisa ehlobo emthunzini ifinyelela degrees, anamanci mahlanu. Okuningi cooler ebusuku kuka emini. iyehla iyenyuka Daily inkulu ngokwanele.

Afrika Umhlobo elinesimo sezulu esipholile e Western Sahara. Lapha, kuyanda lokushisa ivumela inombolo enkulu izitshalo (imifino, okusanhlamvu, izihlahla zezithelo).

Ehlobo zikhona okushisa aphakeme kakhulu Libya (58). Phakathi nale nkathi, zaba ingxenye enkulu ngamaholide North Africa: Juni 18 - Usuku Liberation kusukela British ngoJulayi 23 - Revolution Day, 11 Juni - Usuku Liberation kusukela elisekela US.

Autumn eNyakatho Afrika - uyisiphetho ukushisa kwelanga, kanjalo. Ngo-September izinga lokushisa akazange ahlule 40 degrees. Amanzi lifudumeza kuze kube degrees 25. Kuze Okthoba izinga lokushisa uyaqhubeka iwe, phakathi nonyaka ka-ekwindla kuyahlukahluka emazweni ahlukene kusukela +20 ukuze +30.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo kulondolozwa kokuqala kwenkathi yezimvula. Afrika Umhlobo siqala ukuphithizela futhi. Iqala nokukhula ngokushesha nezihlahla, amakhambi. Izihlahla avele obukhulu umqhele oluhlaza. Izilwane ukuthi ehlobo uhlushwa ukushisa babulawa, bakhuthele. Ukuvela phezu abamele ahlukahlukene nezilwane, okuyinto ehlobo kungabonwa kuphela ebusuku noma lapho kuhlwa. Ngo amathafa siphile encane, izimvubu yemifino, naphakathi ezizingelayo, ezihlukahlukene nezinkawu, namagundane. Ehlane ungabona izinyoka, izibankwa ezingenamgogodla.

Ebusika ziya eNyakatho Afrika ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, ezintabeni Algeria ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kukhona yesithwathwa. On ogwini sezulu efudumele, emoyeni ukufuthelana kuze kube degrees 12. EGibhithe, ubusika emnene. Amazinga akuyona ngaphansana 25 degrees kokuncinyane kwezulu.

Nature South Africa

ENingizimu yezwekazi lase friendly xaxa futhi zikhululekile ukuze ukuphila zezitshalo nezilwane. Namuhla kule ndawo kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka 24,000 zezintaka eziqhakazayo. Cishe ingxenye lezi zitshalo igxile nomdweshu wezwe elisogwini, whose banzi imayelana 200 amakhilomitha. Le ndawo itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye South Africa. Zezitshalo seziyidlulisela Cape Floral Kingdom. Ubude emhlabeni kunamaqembu ezinjalo eziyisithupha, futhi umbuso Cape uhlukile ngokuyinhloko ngoba kuthatha amaphesenti 0.4 kuphela insimu ka-Black Izwekazi, kanti enye ithatha isikhathi sonke ingxenye yezwe - Melika, e-Australia kanye nase-Antarctica. Nokho, Cape Floral Kingdom iyona abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni. Izimila lezi zindawo ahlukahlukene baningi ngisho nangaphezu kwezinwele flora aleli hlathi lemvula.

emhlabeni isilwane

Phila imvelo Afrika wehlukile kakhulu. Kuyinto ikhaya abangaba ngu-500 zezinyoni, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ezihuquzelayo nezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane engamakhulu. Kodwa siyeza lapha zonke izivakashi ngonyaka kusukela emhlabeni wonke kunazo ekhangwa "big emihlanu" - obhejane (omnyama nomhlophe), indlovu, inyathi, ingwe, ibhubesi. Lezi abameleli nezilwane Afrika sivuse isithakazelo esikhulu phakathi safari abathanda. Hunter, dobyvshy okungenani oyedwa lwezilwane "emihlanu", nguye umnikazi we "Grand Slam", njengoba abantu bendawo bathi.

Hunting kwalezi zilwane - imigwaqo ematasa, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa nobunzima yenhlangano. Akuwona wonke inkampani abathintekayo enhlanganweni Safaris, inganikeza ekuzingeleni ezinjalo. Ngenxa yalesi esigunyazayo idokhumenti ekhethekile esikhishwe ezingeni lahulumende kumele sigcwaliswe.

nezilwane ezihlukahlukene emanzini asogwini eNingizimu Afrika. Lapha ungabona omkhulu, nabakhe ngobukhulu Zomhlaba - blue whale. yayo obuphelele umzimba idlula 30 amamitha. Futhi zonke kulolu lwandle kutholakala eziyisishiyagalombili zama-imikhomo.

Kuthinta ezihlukahlukene enkulu izinhlanzi. Okwesithupha azo zonke izinhlobo ezaziwayo isayensi namuhla imelelwa elisogwini yaseNingizimu Afrika.

abameleli esivamile nezilwane yeSahara kukhona izinyamazane (Addax, Oryx), nensephe (uDorka, nenekazi), yasezintabeni.

Indoda Nature

Nezilwane imelelwa Southern African ezingavamile, izilwane ezingavamile. Nokho, zikhona izinkinga. Chief phakathi kwabo - nomthelela wezenzo zabantu ubunjalo Afrika. Ubhubhisa, ebhubhisa abameleli eyingqayizivele nature, nqanda them nga asathuthuka. Ukuzingela okungekho emthethweni, ukuzingela ngokungemthetho izindlu injudicious - konke lokhu kuhilelani nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Kuyinto kungalungile ukusho ukuthi nomthelela wezenzo zabantu ubunjalo Afrika akukhona nje ukumane udlulisele ukubhujiswa kwalo. Eminyakeni yamuva, ohulumeni Afrika uchitha umsebenzi omkhulu nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene izwekazi yabo. Lo msebenzi ukuxhuma ososayensi ezivela emhlabeni wonke, kusekelwa abathanda kusuka Afrika.

Ngisho nangekhulu XIX lalibhekwa Ebumnyameni Izwekazi nezwekazi imvelo isetshenzwe. Kepha nangalezo zinsuku imvelo Afrika iye yashintshwa ngumuntu. Kakhulu ziyancipha endaweni ihlathi, banika indlela Amasimu kanye namadlelo.

Nokho, umonakalo omkhulu ukuze ubunjalo Afrika ithole kusukela abanikazi bamakoloni baseYurophu. Abazingela inzuzo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho kumnandi kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise ukubhujiswa enkulu izilwane. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi ziye yesulwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kwezinye zezinhlobo wezinyamazane, amadube. Kuyaphawuleka kwehle labantu nezinye izilwane: obhejane, izindlovu, ama-gorilla.

BaseYurophu ngesihluku ukubhubhisa amahlathi Afrika bese zithunyelwa zinokhuni oluyigugu eYurophu. Ngakho-ke, kwamanye amazwe zaleli zwekazi (Nigeria, kanye nabanye.) Kunengozi yangempela ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi!

Le ndawo elalihlala ukutshala amafutha esundu, amasimu kakhokho, lamantongomane nokunye. D. endaweni lapho ocebile futhi kushintshashintsha ese bhé, amathafa kwakhiwa. Ngokwezinga elikhulu ke esashintsha isimo futhi savannah eyinhloko. Namuhla, lapho kuthiwa tilled umhlaba kanye namadlelo.

Ukuze kusindiswe kusengaphambili esogwadule savannah ihlathi strip kudalwa eSahara, 1,500 km ubude. Yena wahenqela umhlaba wokulima kusukela ezomile, imimoya hot. Kukhona imisebenzi eminingana yokuqala ukuchelela Sahara.

Izinguquko Ezinkulu ezimweni zemvelo kucaca ngemva ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo oluthile amaminerali, kanye ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha umkhakha kuleli zwekazi. Ngenxa yalokho yokulima okungafanele (ziklabe, esivuthayo, ukusika izihlahla kanye izihlahla) ezingwadule ngokwethukela ethuthuka ku eyihlanze. Kuphela engu-50 edlule kakhulu wangenela Sahara kuya eningizimu futhi ngakhula insimu ka eziyinkulungwane 650 sq. M. km.

Futhi, ukulahleka kwendawo yezolimo; kuholela ekulahlekelweni of vuno livestock ukuba azibulale abantu.

izindawo zokulondoloza imvelo futhi alondoloza

Kulezi zinsuku abantu abaye baqaphela isidingo sokuvikela zonke eziphilayo emhlabeni. Kuze kube yimanje, kuwo wonke amazwekazi wadala izinqolobane (indawo ekhethekile, olondolozela zemvelo e isesimweni sayo semvelo) kanye namapaki kazwelonke.

Ezigcina avunyelwe ukuba kuphela labo bantu abaqhuba umsebenzi ucwaningo. Ngokuphambene, amapaki kazwelonke avulekele izivakashi.

Namuhla, nemvelo Afrika ivikelwe emazweni amaningi esisogwini Black izwekazi. iziqiwi ezwekazini bahlale ezindaweni ezinkulu. Iningi bonke zitholakala empumalanga naseningizimu ye-Afrika. Abaningana kulaba izikhungo uyawuthanda ukuthandwa emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu-Kruger National Park, Serengeti. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi omkhulu ka ososayensi, abacwaningi kanye abavamile abathandi bemvelo izinto zokuzilibazisa isibalo ezithile zezilwane wasimama ngokugcwele.

Minyaka yonke eKruger Park, esemgwaqweni mpumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika, ukuza abangaphezu kwesigidi izivakashi abanentshisekelo izilwane zasendle e-Afrika. Lokhu siqiwu anesizathu ubizwe lapho kwazalelwa khona "Big Five." Five zilwane main kwezilwane Afrika uzizwa ukhululekile kakhulu. ukuzizwa ngokukhululekile ezingengaphansi ngokwabo kula masimu obhejane amabhubesi, izindlulamithi kanye izimpisi amadube antelopes eziningi.

Izinhlobonhlobo nemvelo Afrika kabanzi amelwe nezinye iziqiwu zezilwane eNingizimu Afrika. Akuwona wonke amazwe abe Ziseningi izikhungo afanayo, njengemfundiso eNingizimu Afrika. Manje eNingizimu Afrika, zikhona mayelana ezimbili kweshumi zokulondolozwa kanye namakhulu nemvelo reserves, okuyinto zitholakala ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zezwe.

Abantu abahlukumeza abanye

Sinesithakazelo esikhulu abacwaningi kanye nezivakashi iyona izilwane zasendle e-Afrika. Zaziziningi izilwane zaleli zwekazi - akusiwona nje ezincelisayo, kodwa ezihuquzelayo, okuyizinto akukho ngaphansi yingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinyoni ezidla inyama nenhlanzi.

izingonyama

ezinkangala zase-Afrika zihlukaniswa inombolo enkulu yalezi eziyingozi. Inkosi yezilwane ezizwa kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.

ubunjalo zasendle Afrika kakhulu ukukholelwa ngaphandle nokuziqhenya yezingonyama - izilwane amaqembu, obuhlanganisa nabesifazane futhi nenzalo yabo abasebasha. Umndeni kakhulu ihlukaniswe ngokucacile yemfanelo - abasha ukunakekelwa ebhubesikazi ngokudla muntu uyaziqhenya, futhi enamandla, kanye nabesilisa ezinkulu aqaphe indawo.

Ukudla eyinhloko izingonyama amadube, antelopes. Ngesikhathi engekho izilwane ezidla ezinye angali kusukela izilwane ezincane indlala eqinile hhayi kadoti pobrezguyut.

Ngithanda ukugxila ebuhlotsheni emgodini wamabhubesi ikhombe kwempisi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi eneliseka izinsalela ngemva "bobukhosi 'isidlo isilwane ngobugwala kakhulu, umzimba futhi abakwazi ukuzingela ezimele.

Nokho, okubonwayo yamuva ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, izimpisi ekuzingeleni ebusuku (cishe kungani ukuzingela babungaqondakali eyaziwa), ezidla bekulula ukubulala inyamazane enkulu, ezifana zebra noma izinyamazane. Kodwa okuphawuleka kakhulu - ukuthi ososayensi baye bazibonakalisa ukuthi akesabi yezingonyama, izimpisi okuphambene nalokho! Ukuzwa amazwi izimpisi ngubani kahle inyamazane, amabhubesi ngokushesha begijima kukhona ukuwaxosha acoshe lokhu indondo. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi izimpisi angene Yimpi enzima lena, bese wezingonyama bephoqeleka ukuba umhlalaphansi.

ILeopards, izingulule

Ikakhulukazi ubunjalo Afrika, izivakashi eziningi ehambisana nokuba khona inombolo enkulu ezidla kwezinhlobo ikati. Okokuqala izingulule ke nezingwe. Lezi amakati enhle zithi azifane eqinile, kodwa yokuphila ehlukile ngokuphelele. Manje izinombolo zabo beye bancipha kakhulu.

I inyamazane eziyinhloko izinsephe ingulule, ingwe hhayi umzingeli fastidious ngakho kodwa izinyamazane ezincane, lapho ngempumelelo ezingelwa zasendle izingulube - warthogs nezimfene. Lapho e-Afrika baye bageqa cishe zonke izingwe warthogs nezimfene, nande, abe inhlekelele kweqiniso ngoba izitshalo yezolimo. ILeopards kwadingeka ukuba esitokisini.