Yiluphi ulimi amagama, Izaga? Ukwahlukaniswa phraseology

Ngo isiRashiya, kanye nezinye izilimi, igama ngalinye linencazelo ethize lucebe. Igama sihlotshaniswa into, into, uphawu, ukwenza okuthile.

Semantic indima ulimi ungadlala hhayi kuphela ngezwi kodwa futhi iyunithi phraseological. Lokho eseduze Izaga silulumagama.

isisho

Ngakho-ke yini isisho? Izibonelo zalezi kahle yibo bonke abantu. Thatha igama elithi "ekhanda". It is lisetshenziswe emabintana amaningi: "puzzle", "le ndoda ephethe ikhanda", "uyomphihliza abe yizicucu '," ekhanda ashisayo ". Uma izwi sezibonelo alisetshenziswa ngomqondo ongokoqobo, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi ingxenye phraseologism. Ngaphezu kwalokho, incazelo yegama elithi akufani kuzo zonke inhlanganisela.

"Ukugqashula phansi" - ngokuqinile ngento ukucabanga ukuba yokuxazulula inkinga yesibalo esinzima. "Umuntu, nekhanda lakhe" - nguye akuthathi izinqumo oyisiphukuphuku, kuwukuhlakanipha, ukuqonda. "Lefts" - ukuze uwine ekunqobeni kokugcina. "Hothead" - ngakho uthi nomuntu oyisiwula, ukugembula noma Spitfire.

Isici esikhethekile ezibonelweni emabintana ngukutsi ezincane ezisetshenziswa ngezindlela "simisiwe", ezinzile, amafomu umi nemithetho yolimi nendlela ngamazwi. Lawa izifenqo ngokuthi phraseology.

Izimpawu isethi imishwana

Kuncike izimpawu ezimbalwa ezingase ukunikeza incazelo yokuthi ukuthi lokhu isisho. Izibonelo inikezwe lapha, umphelelisi incazelo ithegi.

• Esimeme ifomu ngamazwi ( "topsy-turvy").
• ifomu EsiZulwini asinayo lwetakhi telulwimi ( "koLwesihlanu eziyisikhombisa ngesonto").
• I inadmissibility zokushintsha kwamagama ( "ngokuqinisekile").
• Ukudla ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso ( "ukugeza amathambo").
• Ukungakwazi engeza entsha noma okwesula inhlanganisela amazwi ekhona. ( "The izikhukhukazi ukuhleka").

Igama elithi "inkulumo esho"

Tadisha engaguquki inhlanganisela izwi wahlanganyela igatsha wesayensi yezilimi - phraseology. Ukuze siqonde okushiwo inkulumo, kwanele ukuhumusha kusuka ngolimi lwesiGreki. Ukuhumusha ongokoqobo :. "On the imfundiso yokukhuluma"

Isiqalo nesigcino khona langempela inhlanganisela esitebeleni ngolimi ubizwa nangokuthi phraseology.

Yiluphi ulimi amagama, Izaga? Indlela efanele uwasebenzise inkulumo? Uyini isisho ethize? Lezi zinkinga akanandaba kuphela izingane, waqala ukutadisha ulimi njengoba isayensi, kodwa futhi abantu abadala abaye wayevele kunokuningi okufanele sikufunde.

Umsuka phraseology

Umuntu usebenzisa Izaga ekukhulumeni, kumelwe siqonde ukuthi zisho ukuthini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba ugweme kuhlekisa, nezimo ezidumazayo ukuthi engase iphakame mayelana ne kabi kwamagama noma ukuntula ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwabo. Umlando phraseology, ulwazi emithonjeni ngokubukeka kwabo ngolimi kuzovumela umuntu ukuba abe unolwazi kangcono kule ndaba.

Iqembu elikhulu imishwana isethi uvela observation womuntu we zemvelo nezenhlalo. Ngokwesibonelo, "eziningi iqhwa - eningi isinkwa," "okwesabisayo iqhude ehlathini uyesaba", "apula angawi kude esihlahleni".

Hhayi okungenani inani phraseology kuyinto iqembu ukuthi iphuma izinganekwane, amasiko esiseBhayibhelini noma izenzakalo zomlando ezithile. Izibonelo inhlanganisela enjalo kungaba tisho: "waseBhabhele", "Umama lidlule", "imbangela yombango owawuzothatha", "ngentambo Ariadne sika". Ujwayele phraseology enjalo kuvuleke umnyango ezweni yomlando kanye izinganekwane lasendulo.

Ukuvela neqembu elithile phraseology okuhlobene nokusebenzelana zochwepheshe umuntu, of izikebhe wakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlanganisela "akukho fluff akukho ipeni" yaqale esetshenziswa endaweni abazingeli kanye izilokotho ezinhle kusho ukukhiqiza ukuzingelwa.

Ukuboleka kusuka nezinye izilimi - kubuye Kuyaziwa e phraseology. Kusukela German kwavela igama elithi 'ukutshakadula behluleka ukuhlolwa. "

Iningi iqembu phraseology siqukethe inhlanganisela okuhlotshaniswa izinhlamvu lwamaSlav zamagama. Izibonelo Izaga ezifana: "ukuqala kabusha", "ithe i", "ukunikeza selihanjiswa."

"Ikati ezethusayo kwakungekho silo," "Ungene ukucula - lena ibhizinisi", "Hamba khona -. Angazi ukuthi lapho" Nazi izibonelo inhlanganisela esitebeleni lapho ngizé ulimi Folk nomlobi imisebenzi ebhaliwe.

Umthombo phraseology kungaba yesimanje art amafomu - ifilimu, izincwadi, imidlalo yaseshashalazini.

Ukwahlukaniswa phraseology

Akekho izinhlobo akhona phraseology ngezigaba, ngokososayensi, izazi zolimi, ayikwazi kubhekwe oluphelele. Isizathu esikhulu salokhu inani elikhulu amafomu zesikhashana inhlanganisela phraseological, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlukanise noma yiluphi uhlobo oluthile.

Subjective indlela ukuzimisela amaqembu phraseology futhi icala nge zezilimi. Leli qiniso kuholela yokuthi isiyalo kunemibandela elisha elalizothatha indawo akhona. Ngo ezinjalo esimweni ukudideka is ngenakugwemeka.

Kule singaphetha ngokuthi Ukwahlukaniswa phraseology - umbuzo ososayensi kufanele ukuxazulula esikhathini esizayo.

Nokho, namuhla avame ukusetshenziswa ngezigaba, okuyinto kunakwe degree of "nokubumbana", esihlanganisa amagama ngaphakathi phraseologism. Ngakho, amaqembu elandelayo ababonakali ngezikhundla: umphetho (Izaga) Ubunye phraseological futhi inhlanganisela yawo. Iqembu ehlukile siqukethe izaga, amazwi, aphorisms, amazwi.

Izaga

Abaningi engxenyeni phraseology bakha Izaga (umphetho). Kuhunyushwe kusuka esiGrekini kusivumela ukuqonda okushiwo inkulumo. Idios kusho "ongaziwa", "ngaphezu kokuvamile".

Ukuze umphetho libhekene yokuthi okushiwo iyunithi phraseological ayikwazi eligoqiwe tinshokutsi amazwi, izingxenye zalo. Lokhu zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi Izaga ngizé ulimi endala.

Izibonelo phraseologisms ezinjalo "bamangala", "kabi kakhulu", "nokunensa", "lola fritters."

Isisho yalolu hlobo ayisibonelo for ngolimi oluthile, futhi inguqulo yezwi nezwi kwezinye izilimi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokulahleka incazelo. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela indlela ongathatha ngayo ukuchaza isimo, lapho abantu abahlangana khona ubuso nobuso.

Ngo isiRashiya bathi behlangana 'ubuso nobuso ". bomdabu nencazelo yalokho kwakuthiwa esicacile. Amazwi French ukuchaza isimo: Tete-e-Tete. Njengoba yahunyushelwa olimini Inkulumo Russian kuzokwenza ukumamatheka - "ayancintisana" kusho ukuthini ngaleyo nkulumo. ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ubuso nobuso" nge ebusweni ngolimi lwesiNgisi nobuso. A-German zwischen den vier Augen kuzosho 'phakathi kwamehlo ezine. "

Kulesi sibonelo futhi, ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisho - kuba uhlobo inkulumo engase akhona ngolimi abantu ikakhulukazi asho kucacile kuphela uma amazwi asetshenziswe ndawonye, indivisible.

ubunye phraseological

IsiRashiya uye emise izifenqo, incazelo lucebe zazo ngezinga elithile angavulwa, okusekelwe ukubaluleka amazwi abo ephambili. Izibalo ezinjalo yokukhuluma abizwa ngokuthi ubunye phraseological. Izibonelo "Splurge", "beka namazinyo eshalofini", "zero ukugcizelela", "njengengonyama amanzi nedada."

Esinye sezici ubunye phraseological ukuthi linencazelo oqondile nengokomfanekiso. Ngokwesibonelo, "kwangqingetshe." Inani lokuqala ngqo - ukuba kuleyo ngxenye yomgwaqo kusukela eningeke ukuphunyuka, futhi incazelo ongokomfanekiso - ungayiboni indlela yokuphuma isimo.

inhlanganisela phraseological

Kukhona elinye iqembu elikhulu phraseology, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "inhlanganisela phraseological." Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagama mahhala futhi lesibopho value. Ngakho okushiwo phraseologism ebalulekile sakhiwa nezincazelo ngazinye amazwi akha it. "Sidekick", "udaba olubucayi", "lwaleli-isitha", "a ekhaleni olunegazi" - izibonelo inhlanganisela enjalo.

Bhala tisho kuleli qembu kungaba ezahlukene, okungukuthi, kungenzeka ukulishintsha izwi okungenani eyodwa - ". Ashise umhawu," "ukuba ashise ngamahloni", "amalahle omlilo ekhanda lakhe inzondo", "umlilo uthando",

izinkulumo phraseological

Iqembu ekhethekile yakhiwa phraseology ajwayelekile kusuka ebuntwaneni izaga, izinkulumo ethandwa, aphorisms. Ukuze kungenzeka ukuba baphathe clichés. amayunithi okunjalo lucebe babizwa ngokuthi "izinkulumo phraseological."

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izinhlobo phraseology, leli qembu ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa e Enkulumweni eyayivame futhi incwadi.

isisho omqondofana

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uthole tisho ezahlukene zimise okufanayo mkhuba, into, uphawu, senzo. Isisho yalolu hlobo liphethwe eyodwa noma izilimi eziningi.

Ngokwesibonelo, e isiRashiya is isisho eyaziwayo "ukwenza ezintabeni aphume molehills," okusho ukuthi "ukwenza ihaba ngezinto ukubaluleka kwalesi senzakalo." Isisho nge incazelo esifanayo kwezinye izilimi. "Ukwenza we izimfoloko inaliti" - njengoba besho ePoland. Olimini Czech, futhi, kukhona isisho nge amanye asho okufanayo. It sifundeka kanje: ". Ukwenza kusuka omiyane ikamela ' Futhi kukhona isisho "ukwenza molehills esentabeni" ngesiNgisi.

Isisho omqondofana kungenzeka akhona kunoma yiluphi ulimi. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela isimo uma une uthini ibhodi isebenza, umuntu osebenzela phansi kwaso. isenzo sakhe wayechazwa ngokucacile futhi ngokucace, ukusetshenziswa inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke akhona phraseology - ". ukusebenza kanzima" "ukusebenza kanzima", "sibhukule yabo ukusebenza",

Izabizwana phraseologisms

Uma ubheka i-inhlanganisela esitebeleni imigomo yokusetshenziswa yawo ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene yokukhuluma, singabona ukuthi ngokuvamile kakhulu kukhona Izaga ne izabizwana. I esetshenziswa njalo kunazo ukulawula abanye, iphendule, tabito attributive. Izibonelo phraseologisms ezinjalo "angahlushwa yisiphazamiso, akhululeke", "donsa ngokwakho ndawonye", "ruffle", "sithwale emahlombe abo" kanye nabanye abaningi.

tabito isimo sokukhuluma ngokucacile njani indoda, mnike umbono, ezibonisa ukuziphatha isimo kanye nemisebenzi yayo.

Yiluphi ulimi kukhona amazwi Izaga?

Ematfuba ibinzana ukuhlobisa it, okwenza kube ongokomfanekiso, ekhululekile. inhlanganisela Esitebeleni enothisa ulwazimagama indoda, umvumela ukuba ngokunembile futhi ngokucacile baveze abakucabangayo. Ukuba esetshenziswa isisho, umuntu angaba ezibanzi, ezijulile wacabanga ukuveza ngokunembile futhi ngamafuphi - e amagama amabili noma amathathu.

Isisho Ungakwazi ukuhlobisa ulimi izincwadi, ngakho abalobi kanye izimbongi olisebenzisa leli thuluzi, okwenza okudaliwe kwakho nge elikhanyayo, agqamile inimitable.

Ukubhekisisa umlando ukuvela phraseology, value abo kuzovumela noma ubani ukukhulisa izinga labo jikelele ulwazi.

Indoda wacabanga ngombuzo, iziphi amagama Izaga ulimi, yezimo abhekene kuziwa esiphethweni sokuthi lawa inhlanganisela esitebeleni isikhumbuzi engavamile ukuphila namasiko abantu, namasiko alo eminyaka ubudala, isipiliyoni zomlando. Isisho - iyona inkumbulo yabantu nge okuqondene isiko elithile lesizwe.

ibhuku lemisho

Okwakushiwo lucebe ye phraseology, umlando ngokubukeka kwabo ngolimi, amafomu kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa zingatholakala kwelinye izichazamazwi phraseological. Namuhla banyathelisa inombolo ngokwanele ezinkulu.

Sihlukaniswe ngezinkomba okufakiwe. Baqoqa zonke ulwazi olutholakala mayelana phraseologisms ethile. Isiko okwandisa yokukhuluma, sitfutfukise lwati kubafundzi silulumagama usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa kungenzeka nje isichazamazwi enjalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe uqaphele ukuthi stock phraseology ekhona - yingcebo izilimi - esetshenziswa abantu awugcini ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ezinye Philologists ngisho belulekwa ukuba ufunde ezinye zezindlela zokubonisa entsha bona. Ngemva indoda ematasa kangaka ukuqala kahle ukuthi kungani amazwi ngolimi kukhona tisho uwasebenzise inkulumo.