Yokuziphatha Environmental: umqondo, izimiso eziyisisekelo, izinkinga

Ngekhulu xxi umbuzo ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu nemvelo, wavuka ikakhulukazi ngqo. Too babe ezinjalo abatelekile esibalulekile ekusindeni ukusebenza kule planethi, njengoba isimo ungqimba lwe-ozone, izinga lokushisa lamanzi olwandle, izinga leqhwa ukuncibilika, ukuqothulwa mass yezilwane, izinyoni, nezinhlanzi nezinambuzane.

Ezingqondweni zabantu enobuntu ophucukile kwaqala ukuvela umqondo isidingo imiqondo ezifana ubulungiswa bezemvelo, nekungeniswa bayifaka mass. Uma lo msebenzi izobanjelwa embulungeni yonke, kwakungase phakade ukushintsha isimo sengqondo umthengi zabantu nesimo sakhe sobambiswano.

Ukuvela kwesimilo kwemvelo

Lapho-yalolucwaningo 70 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, obumbi kwemvelo kuphela uthuthuva, ososayensi eNtshonalanga baye basabela kuye ukudalwa isiyalo yesayensi, nokuziphatha kwemvelo. Isizathu esikhulu izinkinga imvelo, ngokuvumelana Ochwepheshe ezifana J. Pearce, D. Kozlowski, J. Tinbergen nabanye - kungcono ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi esithile ukuthuthukisa ukuphila emhlabeni njengoba ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo ukukhulumisana phakathi komuntu nemvelo.

Uma ekuqaleni indlela isintu beqonda imvelo njengoba kubonisa amandla waphezulu lapho kuncike empilweni impucuko, ukuthuthukiswa isayensi umkhakha ukuhlonishwa ukuhlakanipha kanye nokuzwana emhlabeni wakhala ukuhaha.

Yingakho abagqugquzeli wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba ucabangele izinkinga ezikhona wodwa wahlukanisiwe ekutadisheni zokuziphatha futhi nezimiso zokuziphatha umuntu. enezimpande Kuphela abantu realize ukuthi they are hhayi umqhele imvelo, futhi begazi futhi amandla ingxenye yayo ongaphakeme kungenziwa amisiwe phakathi kwazo ebuhlotsheni.

It is abahlanganyela kulo isiyalo yesayensi imithetho yokuziphatha kwemvelo. Kugcugcutelwa kwemagugu emphilo yayo izingqondo zabantu abaningi kungaba qualitatively ukushintsha ukuphila emhlabeni.

Basics of Environmental Yokuziphatha

Mhlawumbe lena ngenye isiqinisekiso yokuthi konke emlandweni womhlaba cyclical, kanye nolwazi emimoya umuntu wesimanje, ayesevele aziwa impucuko wanyamalala, kodwa ososayensi baye waphinda wabuya ezimpandeni tikuhlakanipha.

Nezefilosofi wayephila eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningi edlule, babazi ukuthi Cosmos, zonke Animate eziphilayo nezingaphili izinto emhlabeni, ebonakalayo nengabonakali, kuyinto esihlanganisiwe amandla uhlelo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuthiwa lokhu kuhlakanipha babevamile Indian lasendulo izimfundiso.

Ngalezo zinsuku emhlabeni kwakungelona ezimbili, ukuthi ihlukaniswe yaba uhlobo futhi indoda, futhi ebalulekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abantu ziye wabambisana naye, sifundile futhi owazi kahle ezihlukahlukene zemvelo. Vernadsky bahlakulele mbono uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli kanye noosphere kusekelwe yokuthi yonke, imvelo nezilwane ahlelwe nokuxhumana bokuzwana umuntu ngenhlonipho egcwele izimpilo nomunye. Lezi zimiso kwakheka isisekelo isimiso esisha sokuziphatha.

Futhi, kubhekwa imfundiso Schweitzer ukuzinikela komuntu bonke abaphilayo umthwalo walo ukuze kulondolozwe ibhalansi nokuzwana endaweni yonke. izimiso zokuhle Environmental nokuziphatha kwabantu kufanele babe munye futhi igxile isifiso sokuba futhi kungabi. Ukuze sikwazi ukufeza lokhu, isintu kufanele uhlukane nale amafilosofi ukusetshenziswa.

Izimiso zokuziphatha kwemvelo

A indima enkulu ekuguquleni umqondo ngomhla izinkinga zamanje nge umsebenzi ngemvelo kudlalwa-Club of Rome. Engxenyeni yokugcina yekhulu lamashumi amabili embikweni olandelayo umongameli-Club of Rome A. Peccei zayo zokuqala yamemezela into ezifana isiko semvelo. Uhlelo kuye kwahlotshaniswa ekuthuthukiseni a zobuntu obusha, okubandakanya umsebenzi ishintshe ngokuphelele ka komuntu.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo umqondo omusha abangu washayelwa engqungqutheleni yamazwe ngamazwe e Seoul 1997. Isihloko oyinhloko ngxoxo kwakuyindaba yokuthi ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba phambili sokubuyiselwa semvelo endaweni kukhula ngokushesha labantu kanye ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo.

Lesi simemezelo yokutholwa engqungqutheleni wabonisa ubudlelwano phakathi obumbi kwemvelo nabantu yezenhlalakahle ungakhululekile emazweni amaningi. Lapho ukuze uphile ukuphila okugculisayo yezakhamuzi has zonke zomphakathi, impahla kanye izimo ezingokomoya izinsongo ecosystem kungukuthi uyalandelwa.

Isiphetho yale ngqungquthela isimemezelo sokuba isintu ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo wonke amazwe lapho yonke imithetho okuhloswe ngayo ukongiwa nemvelo kanye nokuhlonipha wakhe nangokuphila sekukonke. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule ezingazange asisebenzisa kumiswa isiko imvelo, njengoba lo mqondo asilethelwa ukunakwa yaso sonke isintu.

Umthetho bemvelo umphakathi

Lo mthetho uthi akunakwenzeka nokuhlalisana ngokuzwana elikhula ngokushesha impucuko obuntu esekelwe ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokulondolozwa ibhalansi yemvelo. Ukwandisa izidingo zabantu zifinyelelwe imithombo kule planethi. Ezinye izimila nezilwane asengozini.

Ukushintsha lesi simo kungaba khona kuphela ngesibusiso ukwehla ukuxhashazwa lobuchwepheshe kwemithombo yemvelo futhi ushintsho izingqondo zabantu ukuze ingcebo engokomoya, lapho iba ukukhathazeka kuqala zezwe ngaphandle.

Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izinkinga izimiso zokuhle kwemvelo ingaxazululwa kwehlisa izinga lokuzalwa ezifundeni ikakhulukazi ezinabantu abaningi emhlabeni. Isimiso yokuqala yale isayensi - ubuhlobo nemvelo njengoba isihloko eziphilayo abadinga uthando nokunakekela.

Isimo khona uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli;

Isimo esiyinhloko khona isimiso semvelo kuyinto ezihlukahlukene yayo njalo, okuyinto akunakwenzeka nge ukusetshenziswa njalo imithombo, njengoba kungaba musa alulame nhlobo, noma kuthatha isikhathi esiningi.

Kusukela intuthuko emhlabeni kwanoma yimuphi isiko futhi ukwehlukana kwayo futhi ukujula ukwehluka yemvelo zigcinwe, ukwehla impucuko akunakugwenywa ngaphandle kwenkokhelo lokhu ukulinganisela. Shintsha isimo kungaba zokunciphisa ezenziwa abantu ngokuya ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo.

Isimiso sesibili kudinga imikhawulo elalizobhubhisa imisebenzi yabantu nokuthuthukiswa izici bemvelo lokuzelapha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni kumelwe athathe ubumbano isinyathelo ukuze kulondolozwe ezemvelo ukudalwa ezengeziwe yokufakelwa zemvelo.

umthetho ovamile

Lo mthetho kuqinisekisa umbono wokuthi uhlobo uyakwala yini angaphandle wakhe. Nakuba kungase kube kuncike iziyaluyalu, lokhu kuhambisana nokubuka ukubhujiswa imvelo kwamasiko. Ngeke ukuthuthukisa angesabi, njengoba zonke eziphilayo nezingaphili ezihlobene ngaphakathi kuwo. Ukunyamalala zenye kuholela ekubhujisweni nezinye izinhlelo ezihlobene.

Igcina oda kanye nokuqedwa entropy, kungenzeka kuphela ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinsiza kule planethi ngaphakathi izidingo energy lwesintu futhi amandla emvelo. Uma abantu kuthathe ngaphezu umhlaba angakhiqiza, crisis okuseduze.

Isimiso sesithathu, lapho wembula izimiso zokuhle yesimanje kwemvelo - isintu kufanele uhlukane nale ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngaphezu kudingekile okusinda. Ngenxa yalesi isayensi izindlela kumele ithuthukiswe ukuthi ungakwazi ukulawula ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nendalo.

umthetho Reimers

isidingo esibalulekile kuzo zonke izizwe abahlala emhlabeni ukuba ngimbuze nokungcoliswa imvelo. Inketho engcono for ukugcwaliseka lokhu ukuphila ukwakha ukukhiqizwa udoti-free kunoma iyiphi umkhakha, kodwa umthetho uthi Reimers, siyohlale side effect umthelela yabantu emvelweni.

Kusukela ngokudalwa ukukhiqizwa ngokuphelele imfucuza-free akunakwenzeka, indlela kuphela aphume isimo bangaba ukuziphatha okwandile Ukuvuselela Uhlaza Lwehlathi emnothweni. Ukuze lokhu kumele adalwe izidumbu izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, ukuhlinzeka nobungoti ekwakheni izakhiwo ukukhiqizwa noma Ukulungiswa kwamapayipi.

Ubuhle bemvelo kungenziwa walondoloza kuphela uma wonke amazwe babambisane ukuhambisana yamazinga bezemvelo ukuqhutshwa nokuphathwa kwezikhungo ubuchwepheshe.

Isimiso wesine kusho umthelela eco-izinhlangano, Tinhloko Uhulumeni, isakhiwo sepolitiki namandla omphakathi ukuthatha izinqumo ku ukuxhashazwa kwemithombo yemvelo.

ukusetshenziswa Human kwemithombo yemvelo

Kuwo wonke umlando wesintu ongalwenza zibangelwa ubuhlobo obuseduze obukhona phakathi komhlambi nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yendalo abantu futhi bathuthukise izinga lokuphila kwabo.

Uma abantu bokuqala-ababesesimweni okuqukethwe imigede, kwemizi wabanjwa futhi bazibulale idina ngalesosikhathi zijwayeza e yokuziphatha yokuphila izidingo zabo ziye zanda. Kunesidingo ukugawula amahlathi ukuze kwakhiwe imizi noma ukwanda kwezindawo umhlabathi olimekayo. Okuningi - ngaphezulu.

isimo sanamuhla ibizwa ngokuthi ithuba izindleko overruns imithombo kule planethi, futhi emgqeni lapho kungayi lubuyayo ezingeni odlule sesivele sidlulile. Isixazululo kuphela kungaba nomkhawulo izidingo zomuntu ukusetshenziswa ukonga kwemithombo yemvelo kanye ujike umqondo womuntu ngase ubunye obungokomoya nezwe elizungezile.

Isimiso yesihlanu uthi isimo kanye nezilwane kuyoba okuphephile, lapho isintu singena ukuzila njengento enhle yokuphila.

inkinga Ethical yokungakholelwa

Isimiso esiyisisekelo yokuphila komuntu iyisikhathi esingakanani kufanele kube ukuchaza indlela yayo esizayo kule mbulunga.

Kusukela lapho kubhujiswa semvelo ngaphansi eqinile akufanele ibuyiselwe esimweni saso sokuqala, indlela kuphela aphume isimo lanamuhla kungaba isinqumo ukwenza izimiso zokuziphatha kwezemvelo amagugu wezwe.

Kodwa ukuze ugweme impinda ekubhujisweni kwemithombo yemvelo, lezi zimiso kufanele ibe ingxenye yokuphila isiko umphakathi ngamunye emhlabeni. isingeniso sabo ku ukwazi abantu kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kwezizukulwane ezimbalwa ukuze kuyinsakavukela abantwana ukuqaphela ukuthi ubuhle bemvelo futhi ukulondolozwa kwalo - kuyisibopho sakhe.

Lokhu kudinga i kwemvelo ayifundisa izingane isimilo ukuvikela izwe walapho waba isidingo esingokomoya.

Izifundo kwesimilo kwemvelo baye baba isidingo sokuba ukuqhubeka impucuko. Yenza kube lula, mane ufake isiyalo ezikoleni kanye emayunivesithi emhlabeni wonke.

anthropocentrism

Umqondo anthropocentrism ehlangene imfundiso ukuthi indoda - kufike esidalweni esiphakeme kunazo, nazo zonke izinsiza nezici zemvelo esidalelwe kuye ukuba libuse phezu kwabo.

isiphakamiso sinjalo amakhulu uye zaholela ezinkingeni zemvelo namuhla. I zefilosofi zasendulo baye babonisa ukuthi izitshalo nezilwane abanalo imizwa futhi baphilela ngenxa ukwanelisa izidingo zabantu.

Conquest yemvelo abalandeli lo mqondo, ngemfudumalo, futhi lokhu zenza ukuba kancane kancane esibucayi komuntu. Zonke ukulawula ukulawula futhi anqobe - kwazo kukhona izimiso eyinhloko anthropocentrism.

Shintsha isimo kungenziwa kuphela ukukhulisa emvelweni isiko phakathi kwezizwe emazweni onke. Futhi kuyothatha isikhathi, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi nobuchwepheshe inqubo ekushintsheni ukwazi kuyolungiswa esizukulwaneni esilandelayo zabantu.

Neantropotsentrizm

Umqondo oyisisekelo kuyinto neantropotsentrizma ebunyeni uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; nomuntu. I uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; ibizwa ngokuthi ophilayo uhlelo evulekile obala ithonya kokubili izici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Umqondo ubunye akuyona kuphela ukufana umsebenzi ubuchopho bomuntu amaseli kwezilwane ephakeme noma alfabhethi zofuzo, kodwa ukuzithoba kwabo kwemithetho jikelele yentuthuko uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli.

Ukwakhiwa kwesimilo kwemvelo

Yini edingekayo ukushintsha isimo? Isimiso izimiso zokuhle njengendlela isiyalo yesayensi nge ngenjongo ecashile sekukhona ngesikhathi Ukuqeda lesintu ohlelweni noosphere. Ukuze kwenziwe lolu shintsho angibonakaliswa ebulalayo, kufanele ucabangele imiqondo elandelako:

• Zonke izakhamuzi iplanethi kufanele ukwazi imithetho ukuthuthukiswa uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli nendawo yawo kuwo.
• Emhlabeni jikelele, kumele imithetho bathathile ubuhlobo babantu nemvelo.
• Wonke umuntu kufanele ucabange isizukulwane esilandelayo.
• isizwe ngasinye kufanele sisebenzise izinto ngesisekelo zoqobo.
• Quotas ukudliwa kwemithombo yemvelo kunqunywa kucatshangelwa isimo ezweni ngalinye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezombusazwe khona.

Nale ndlela, ukuphila isitshalo, izilwane kanye nabantu kuzoba ukuthuthukiswa obunobunye.

Ukushintsha isithombe emhlabeni

Ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba ukushintsha abalazi ngamunye isithombe esisodwa emhlabeni. It kumelwe babe nobunye hhayi kuphela humanity imvelo, kodwa futhi abantu ndawonye.

Ukususa ukungafani kwezinhlanga, wezenkolo noma womphakathi, uyobe uzipha esinye imiphumela izinguquko kwengqondo yomuntu ukuthi ilungiselelwe sobunye nezwe elizungezile.