Yiziphi amafutha, amafutha trans futhi inama?

Igama elithi "amafutha" thina zijwayele ukuzwa nsuku zonke. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abacabanga ukuthi amafutha. Eqinisweni, zikhona e ekudleni wonke umuntu kanye nesidingo ukuqinisekisa msebenzi obalulekile umzimba. Nokho, akubona bonke amafutha zinhle.

Izinzuzo amafutha

Amafutha kukhona izinto eziningi eziphilayo, injongo eyinhloko okuyinto - supply zamandla wonke umzimba. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu ngenhloso ungqimba obukhulu fat ongama kukhona kulula ukubekezelela indlala, njengabangaqondakali kungase kuzwakale, kancane abandayo. Fat kuyinto umqhubi abampofu ukushisa, ngakho awagcine emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okunamafutha izicubu ivikela izitho ekulimaleni futhi umonakalo mechanical, njengoba uma "wazicabangela" futhi abavikele. Lo mbono wokuthi amafutha kudliwe ukudla kubi, okungalungile, ngoba kudingeka emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa ngokulinganisela. ukuntula kwabo kungaholela ukwehluleka umzimba. Ndawonye sithola fat unsaturated okunamafutha acid amavithamini fat-encibilikayo futhi phosphatides.

Ngezingozi ukudla okunamafutha

Iyingozi njengoba fat ngokweqile - uma umuntu ebhema ukudla okunamafutha, basuke zibekwe sesibindi ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi kungase kubangele eziningi izifo ezingathi sína. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amafutha uye zanqwabelana impahla kanye igazi. Ukukhuluphala igazi kunciphisa inani amaprotheni kuwo, futhi kuyinto yenethiwekhi eyinhloko okunamafutha molecule. Konke lokhu kuholela agglutination kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu phakathi sikhula igazi, amahlule igazi lifika kule imithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yalokho umsoco kahle kwezicubu futhi izitho, ngokucijile kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi.

Ukwakheka qualitative kwamafutha

Lapho sifuna impendulo yombuzo othi, "yini amafutha?" Ingabe kudingekile ungacabangi nje kuphela ngokuthi izinzuzo zayo futhi efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka emzimbeni, kodwa futhi ngezithako zawo qualitative. Ngokombono amakhemikhali buka, basuke ngamaqembu amabili - ayegcwele kanye unsaturated. Kuyini elihlale fat? It amafutha nge isakhiwo avaliwe, okungukuthi, abakwazi ukuthi zilawule nezinye ama-athomu. Futhi unsaturated, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, e uchungechunge elalivuliwe zimumethe athomu angaba bazihlanganise omunye athomu. Lona ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha unsaturated - bangathumela uxhumeke ezinye izakhi okudingwa ngumzimba, futhi ube value ephakeme. Te amafutha ningumzimba eyodwa ayikwazi "ukuchitha" nezinye izinjongo, ngakho bandisa.

Cholesterol - amaqembu alwayo?

Esinye isici kuba phambi amafutha ayegcwele ukubunjwa yabo cholesterol. Abaningi leli gama lihlotshaniswa ukukhuluphala ukwephulwa izitsha inhliziyo. Nokho, kukhona "ewusizo" cholesterol, okuyinto edingekayo ukuze silondoloze ukuphila futhi kuveza umzimba wethu. Umbuzo, yini amafutha ne-cholesterol kanye lapho? Iqiniso liwukuthi i-cholesterol ehilelekile ukudalwa hormone ezifana i-estrogen, cortisol ne-testosterone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, he ngenela ngaphakathi the ukusabela ezenzeka ezingeni intracellular. Umzimba uthola cholesterol ngezindlela ezimbili: uveza uqobo esibindini fat ukuthi abantu kudle. Ngakho-ke, amafutha ne-cholesterol eduze basebenzisane.

Mayelana amafutha trans

Njengoba sikhuluma amafutha, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amafutha trans nokuthi ihluke kanjani evamile. Trans amafutha akhiwa odlulayo hydrogen Bubbles ngokusebenzisa uwoyela ezivamile, ezifana yemifino. Lokhu kwenziwa ukwandisa ukuphila layo eshalofini (futhi ngalesosizathu imikhiqizo okuyinto zenziwa kuwo) kanye ukuze kube nesimo esitebeleni. Isibonelo okuphawuleka kakhulu kuyinto imajarini ezivamile. Ngeshwa, amafutha trans ayingozi empilweni. Ukuthola emzimbeni womuntu, abagcinanga kuphula umzimba, kodwa futhi zibulale umzimba fat, nakho kwephula insulini umzimba inqubo. Umphumela - ukukhuluphala. Ngokwesayensi kungase kutholakale nomthelela omubi kwamafutha trans ku amadoda - amazinga testosterone egazini labo incipha ngokucijile. Lokhu kuholela ukukhuluphala kwi "owesifazane" uhlobo amafutha imali kwi okhalweni, izibunu namabele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu ziyancipha Erectile umsebenzi, imisipha omzimba ehle futhi ulahlekelwe isisindo salo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme zonke engaba negative, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amafutha trans futhi inama.

Trans amafutha atholakala imajarini, hhayi kuphela, kodwa kungatholakala ukubunjwa amazambane chips, cookies kanye nobunye "wathenga" ehla, pizza eqandisiwe, neminye imikhiqizo eminingi. Lapho inani amanoni bengase bazikhandlele mayelana 50%, njengoba iningi labo uzilungiselele usebenzisa amafutha hydrogenated. Ngokwesibonelo, ingxenye eyodwa amazambane athosiwe mayelana 14 amagremu of fat trans e isixha elincane chips - 3 amagremu ngalinye ekukhonzeni yenkukhu ethosiwe - 7 amagremu ngalinye ekukhonzeni kwasekuseni ezomile - 2 amagremu. Ukulimaza impilo yabo, kwanele ukusebenzisa ngosuku ezingaphezu kuka-4 amagremu of fat Trans.

Amafutha, amaprotheni kanye carbohydrate - ithimba eyodwa

Yiziphi amafutha, amaphrotheni kanye carbohydrate? Lena "ithimba" omunye izinto okuyinto kusukela iphuzu amandla umbono kungenzeka esikhundleni nomunye. Nokho, uma umzimba ivala isikhala yokuntuleka carbohydrate amaprotheni namafutha, kuyodingeka ukuchitha amandla xaxa ukuze kugayeke lezo zinto. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi amaprotheni - ungumthombo kubalulekile amino acid namafutha - umthombo kubalulekile fatty acid, ngakho kulesi sici bengeyona esikhundleni. Into enzima kakhulu lapho umzimba has a yokuntuleka amaprotheni.

Amaphrotheni - material zokwakha umzimba. It siqukethe uchungechunge amino acid, 9 lapho eze kuphela ngokudla nangokwenama emzimbeni asikwazi kwemiqondo. ukudla kwezilwane inamaprotheni ezingaphezu kuka isitshalo kanye digestibility we amaprotheni 90%, ngesikhathi namaprotheni atholakala emifinweni umsuka ugxile% 65 kuphela.

Kuyini amafutha? Lokhu reserve amandla zomzimba. Futhi uma kukhona ukuntula kwabo, amaphrotheyini uqale ngenkuthalo iba yingxenye yomhlabathi - ukwehluleka hormone kwenzeka emzimbeni, ukungcolisa isikhumba, encishisiwe ukumelana semithambo, zikhona izinkinga ekugayeni ukudla esiswini.

Carbohydrate kukhona liwumthombo ongcono kunayo yonke namandla ubuchopho, kuyilapho imisipha emzimbeni uthole amandla ngokuguqula amafutha. Evamile, carbohydrate zihlukaniswe elula eziyinkimbinkimbi. I ewusizo kunazo ezibhekwa carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi noma polysaccharides. kusimo sabo kungase kubangele ukwehla ngoba aqukethe amaprotheni amaningi, kanye ngokweqile kuholela isisindo ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola umhlabathi ophakathi.