Abangemthetho eJalimane: Life ngemva kokususwa

Hhayi abohle inkulumo mayelana exacerbation esibucayi ababaleki yaseYurophu, i-European Commission, waqaphela u okungakaze kwenzeke ngayo selokhu seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Germany kubhekwa isimo European Union, owathatha babekezelela le "amagagasi ababaleki."

Ngokusho Ministry German of Interior, ngonyaka odlule ezweni uye uvikelekile abangaphezu kwesigidi ababaleki - abantu abafuna ukukhoseliswa. Likhulu ngokuphindwe kabili ezingaphezu kuka ngonyaka odlule. I-UN ngokuthi isimo engamukeleki lapho imizamo eyinhloko yokwamukela ababaleki wenza elinye izwe abanye. Sinjani isimo kwababaleki eJalimane ngo-2016?

Kungani lapha babefuna ukukhululeka kuphi?

Germany I-ababaleki - kwelinye lamazwe efiseleka kakhulu. Ministry Interior German Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngonyaka odlule ezweni bhalisiwe ababaleki abangaba yizigidi ezingu-1.1. Kulawa, elithi a ephawulekayo siqukethe amaSiriya (ayizinkulungwane 428,5. Abantu).

Ezikhanga kakhulu yiwona jikelele ezingeni nezomnotho kuleli zwe kanye nezinga iziqinisekiso kwezenhlalo, ukuhlinzeka abasizi eJalimane.

Kusukela umlando umbuzo

Isihloko "Germany: Ababaleki" elisuka zomlando kwezomnotho ezijulile. Umnotho German kusukela boom post-yimpi engakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ayizisebenzi. Izwe lidinga kwetisebenti kanye "igazi young". Isizathu ukuthi khona obumbi lokubala ubuningi babantu kanye izimpawu ezisobala ukuguga.

Izwe nge wezifiki elawulwa

Iningi 50s the ayizisebenzi 'kukhona emuva ekhaya eNingizimu naseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Europe, kodwa abaningi baqhubeka eJalimane, okwenza kube' wezisebenzi wezwe ayizisebenzi "isibe izwe wezifiki ngokomthetho.

In the 80s eJalimane kuphela ngezithukuthuku abaseTurkey namaJalimane, ngemva kokuwa kohlelo lamaKhomanisi ebuya ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, Poland futhi Romania, isabelo lengenako basemazweni okufika labantu kudlulwe ukusebenza emazweni abathuthele kwelinye izwe: USA, Canada nase-Australia.

EJalimane, kuze 2015, inani labantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 izisebenzi, emelela cishe 9% wesibalo sabantu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa 1.5 million abantu bakwamanye amazwe anikezwe amaphepha okuba yisakhamuzi, kanti ezinye ezingu-4.5 million dengwane. It kuvela ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabane eziyisithupha eJalimane noma immigrated lapha livela emindenini ayizisebenzi.

Abangemthetho eJalimane: Life ngemva kokususwa

Ikakhulu ayizisebenzi ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo zabasebenzi abangenawo amakhono njengoba eJalimane edlule, bathweswe waqoqa ngokuyinhloko umsebenzi elula. Abanye kusetshenziswa njengoba izisebenzi ezinekhono, futhi bambalwa kuphela ukuphatha ukuze uthole umsebenzi, sihlinzekela amakhono kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, imindeni kwabokufika German akulula ukuthuthukisa isimo sezimali noma ukukhuphuka isitebhisi nomphakathi.

Namanje empikiswaneni ukuhlanganiswa kwababaleki emashumini eminyaka yamuva nje kuye kwaba intuthuko: Umthetho eyethula yokuncishiswa e yokufuna yisakhamuzi isiJalimane, baba oxhumana omkhulu phakathi zifiki futhi abantu bomdabu, uthuthukise umbono omuhle lalolo hlanga kwehlukahlukana namasiko. Umthetho omusha ku wezifiki okokuqala enikeziwe uhlaka ezibanzi zomthetho ebusa zonke izici Inqubomgomo wezifiki.

amalungelo kwababaleki

Abangemthetho ohlala eJalimane mithetho zamanje:

• kokuqala izinyanga 3 (le nkathi kubhekwa isicelo), cishe ababaleki babhekana unikezwe indawo yokuhlala mahhala, ukudla, okokwembatha, ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa;
• Isihloko ahlukene sihlinzekela Ukukhishwa "Pocket ngemali", okuvumela ukumboza izidingo siqu (nyangazonke 143 euro angu umuntu);
• ngemva kokukhululwa kwe abasabalalisi abamukelayo ababaleki eJalimane namuhla mayelana 287-359 euro ngenyanga, ngaphezu bakufaka 84 euro izingane kuze iminyaka 6;
• Ababaleki banelungelo lokuthola zezindlu zomphakathi, esakhokhwa neziphathimandla German.

On nezinselelo zomphakathi kanye nezomnotho

Inhlangano kwi reception isikali, okuyinto etholwe ababaleki eJalimane - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. Reception kanye nokudidiyelwa ezifana izinombolo elikhulu lababaleki kuyinto izinselele ezinkulu zezomnotho nezenhlalo. Izwe lidinga utshalomali olwenziwe kwezemfundo, uqeqesho, kuvuleke amathuba emisebenzi emisha, okwakuyosiza ukuze ubhekane nezinselele esizayo. Sidinga indawo yokuhlala engabizi, nengqalasizinda yomphakathi ngempumelelo.

izibalo

Ngo-2015 izisebenzi laseJalimane lathola ingqikithi euro 21 bhiliyoni - njengoba isimo atshalwe ikamu labo nokuhlanganiswa, futhi 2016-2017. ngalezi zinhloso uzochitha bhiliyoni okungenani 50 Ngokuqinisekile, Germany -. ayilona izwe abampofu, kepha ngokuba le mali angase aqondiswe ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila kwabantu bakubo.

izindleko ezweni Ikusasa

Kuze 2020 Eqinisweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphila kwababaleki eJalimane, uhulumeni uzochitha ingqikithi yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 93,6 euro. Lolu lwazi eyomphakathi yi Spiegel masonto onke futhi kusekelwe idatha kusuka Ministry of Finance izilinganiso enawulungiselelwa izingxoxo nezinhlaka ezimele kwamazwe sikahulumeni.

Izibalo equkethwe izindleko yokuhlala nolimi izifundo, ukuhlanganiswa, inhlalakahle izivakashi, ukunqoba izizathu ukufuduka eYurophu. Ngo-2016, le migomo kuzodinga yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 16.1, ngo-2020 izindleko yonyaka kwababaleki kuzokhulisa ukuba 20.4 euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu.

uthi Federal uzochitha ku ababaleki ngo-2016 21-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane. Ngo-2020, ukusetshenziswa kwemali yabo yonyaka uyovuka ukuze 30 bhiliyoni.

isimo ezimbili

Ezweni eliye laba ezikhangayo kakhulu ababaleki, ke uye wazakhela ngempela isimo banemizwa engqubuzanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa crisis lokubala ubuningi babantu kanye labantu asebekhulile yezwe uzoqhubeka kudingeka kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "igazi young" futhi bangabasebenzi ezengeziwe. Ukufika ababaleki kuyadingeka ukuze silondoloze esimisweni sezenhlalo emnothweni. Ngokusho inhloko ye-Federal Agency for Labour, cishe u-70% ababaleki owafika ngo-Germany - abantu abaseminyakeni yokusebenza.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuvumelana izibikezelo, 10% kuphela kubo eminyakeni 5 uzokwazi ukuthola umsebenzi, nokungu-50% - 10.

Isikhulu kuphawulwe ingxoxo abezindaba, ukuthi ababaleki azinakuxazululwa lapho kuntuleka ezweni abasebenzi abanamakhono. Lapho ufuna umsebenzi ngokuqinisekile iphakamisa umbuzo yokuntula ulwazi ulimi kudingeka ukuthi unenkinga ukuqashelwa nezitifiketi nokufakazela diploma, nokunye. D. inkinga zomsebenzi ukuhlanganiswa kwababaleki kodwa ixazululwe, inhloko Ministry Interior. Isidingo ukubambisana kangcono ukuhlanganiswa kwababaleki izinhlelo ezihlinzekwa neminyango ezihlukahlukene zezwe.

Ngokusho Interior Ministry izilinganiso, kulo nyaka izifundo ukuhlanganiswa ukulalela lawo lalingaba zinkulungwane 400. Refugees, okuyinto izikhathi ezimbili kunaleyo 2015. Kuyinto kuphela ababaleki, uyakwazi ukuhlanganiswa bangene emisebentini futhi alungele nokwamukela izindinganiso European yokuziphatha. Eqinisweni, iningi lababaleki wayenethemba lokuphila off nezinzuzo zezenhlalo, ukuthi ekusebenziseni imali yabakhokhintela. Lena umbhikisho ngoba abantu abaningi bomdabu.

I "Umsebenzi ngamazwe"

Isihloko "Ababaleki kanye ababaleki eJalimane" kube nzima yokuthi umphakathi German asaba esasimangalelwe kancane kwabokufika kanye nobuhlanga, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa inkumbulo ezethusayo seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukunyakaza lokucwaswa kwabokufika anti-abavela kwamanye amazwe ekuqaleni ayitholakalanga ngesilinganiso ezifana kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Imithombo yezindaba elite zezombusazwe eJalimane ngenkuthalo abeke 'ngomfanekiso omuhle' izakhamuzi ababaleki nokuzama umxhwele umuntu osesilinganisweni emgwaqweni - Michel, Hans noma Fritz - ukuthi usizo zifiki kuyinto "Umsebenzi wamazwe omhlaba." Alo

Izici lokuhlanganisa yesimanje

Ukuze amaqiniso European livikeleke umthethosisekelo German futhi bakha izisekelo zomphakathi yayo - isithunzi somuntu, ukulingana phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, inkululeko kanembeza, bangasephula umuntu, njll - .. Obvious. Ufike elibuya enarheni eNyakatho ye-Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, basuke ngokuphelele awamukelekile. Ezokuphepha lomuntu futhi inkululeko kanembeza kula mazwe aqondwe njengokufaka inkululeko zokushushiswa kubhujiswa lesi "infidels", ie. E. abameleli bezinye izinkolo. ukuqonda kwakhe ukulingana kwamalungelo phakathi kwamadoda abasebenzi besifazane ababhikishe Cologne ngokucacile ngobusuku KaNcibijane, lapho kwafika abantu ababalelwa enkulungwaneni abasha Arabhu naseNyakatho Afrika okuhleliwe ubulili ukuzingelwa amaJalimane.

Ngokusho abahlaziyi, ukuhlanganiswa kwababaleki emphakathini kuyoba umsebenzi onzima kakhulu ukuthi wake wasukuma ukuze lizwe.

Inkinga kwamaJuda

Namuhla, Germany ubhekwa ogibele ayilungile kwezombusazwe abathi esidlangalaleni ukuthi kuleli zwe lanamuhla lokwesaba livela nabalandela Islam. Nakuba sonke siyazi ukuthi amashumi eminyaka laba bantu aye athonywa okhulayo nolaka kwamaJuda. UmJuda-inzondo liyashunyayelwa futhi bayiswa ngenkani emakamu ukuxhumana nomphakathi, amaphephandaba, kuthelevishini izincwadi.

Ngo-October ngonyaka odlule lapho uMkhandlu wase-amaJuda eJalimane, uMongameli Josef Schuster wazwakalisa likaShansela ukukhathazeka yayo extreme mayelana inflow engapheli zababaleki ababevela kuwo amazwe Muslim, lapho kwamaJuda kuyinto inchubomgomo yembuso.

NgoJanuwari walo nyaka, ngesikhathi kuvulwa lo mbukiso "Ubuciko Kwesizwe," Merkel, wavuma ukuthi "kwamaJuda eJalimane isakazeke kabanzi ngempela" kweyodwa ngakwazi ukuzibona kahle ngeso. Futhi amaJalimane "ziyadingeka simelane naso."

Ukuhlonishwa inkinga Shansela kwakwanele ukuba umongameli TSESG kwathiwa inhlokodolobha umsakazo ukuthi amaJuda fanele nothing SABA, iningi amasayithi Jewish kuleli zwe ukunikeza isivikelo. Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izindawo, ngokuqapha kufanele lisetshenziswe futhi hhayi ukukhangisa imvelaphi yabo "(?!)

Umphakathi usuyakhula ukuqonda ukuthi maqondana ababaleki kudinga izinqubomgomo nolaka.

On kokuxoshwa ngokushesha izigebengu ababaleki

Isihloko ukuphila kwababaleki eJalimane kuyisici ukuthi kungenziwa zavela ngale ndlela: "eJalimane, iziyaluyalu ayizisebenzi". Izwe liye landa inani abasekeli ukuxoshwa ngokushesha esuka ezweni izivakashi abaye bawephula umthetho.

EJalimane, kukhona umthetho ephawula ukuthi ayizisebenzi ingahle ejele lendawo iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kwelakubo. Ngokusobala, uthola isiphetho esinjena akusho okwesabisa izivakashi. wokubuyekeza sekwephuzile imithetho, ngokuvumelana umphakathi. Lababaleki uphule umthetho kumele badingiselwa ngokushesha. Ochwepheshe bezifo, imiphakathi yene ayizisebenzi isibe evundile zizalela emhlabathini ngoba ngobugebengu nobuphekula international.

Iziphathimandla ukucasha icala ayizisebenzi

Njengoba abahlaziyi, cishe lesi sigameko amadlingozi Cologne, lapho uNcibijane abakhileyo emzini eziye zabhekana wokuba kuhlaselwe ababaleki zihlelekile, ama-Arabhu kanye nama-Aramu, ngubani, ngokuba isimo izidakamizwa ngaphuza utshwala futhi nokudakwa, waqala avuse liphambana amaphoyisa endawo, kumphuce abedlula ngendlela futhi ukudlwengula abesifazane German kwakungelona kuphela eJalimane. Ababaleki kanye isiyephule ngokuphindaphindiwe umthetho.

Mayelana amacala ukwephulwa esihleliwe umthetho phezu ingxenye kwababaleki ke sekuyisikhathi eside lwaziwa. Kodwa awazange wamemezela obala - ngaphambi, ngesigameko esenzeke Akwenzekanga ukuba ufihle.

nokucwasa okusha?

IMeya Cologne kwahlongozwa isingeniso yencazelo "yokuziphatha" kwabesifazane: kutuswa amaJalimane ngokugqoka ngesizotha, ungahambi wedwa bese uzama ukuhlala kude ababaleki besilisa nobude bengalo.

Isiphakamiso kwamukelwa isiphepho yentukuthelo eJalimane. Blogger German eshicilelwe izithombe archival abesifazane isiJalimane, abaphethe sangakwesokudla enwetshiwe lingukuhlonipha amaNazi. Yileyo indlela amaJalimane angabuye amvuse izandla zakhe ukuze aphephise yena kusukela abasebenzi, wachaza Blogger.

Abaningi abathuthele kwamanye amazwe owafika kuleli zwe isikhathi eside, baye waveza uvalo ayenalo lokuthi manje ziyokwakha emthunzini abasanda kufika ubugebengu. Ebusuku e Cologne wabulala cordiality German futhi izihambi, abakushoyo. Endaweni yabo baba uhlobo ezintsha zobandlululo lobuhlanga. It kungathinta bonke ababaleki owafika ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ezweni.

Germany ngokumelene ababaleki

Ngemuva kwemibhikisho emadolobheni amaningana e-Germany, isimo sishubile. Kwase kuzoqala igagasi imiboniso kanye imibhikisho emelene inqubomgomo wezifiki Merkel iKhabhinethi. AmaJalimane ihlelwe ligada ukuzivikela ukuze kuvikeleke izivakashi. Ezweni nokuhlaselwa "abezinye izizwe."

Inkinga kwababaleki eJalimane selingaphezu esikalini yalesibhicongo European. Izwe nge emnothweni eziqine EU akakwazi ukubhekana nesimo.

Esikhundleni siqaphela inkinga sobala nababaleki ukugxekana iziphathimandla ukucunula ezizivelelayo German kusolakala thugs undlovukayiphikiswa ozama ukuliveza lingamanga abasebenzi. Kodwa amaJalimane ningakholwa. amasevisi German imfihlo musa ngakususi ukuthi izibhelu ezweni akuzona ezizivelelayo ehlelekile, kanye namalungu IG abazizwa ngoba kube nekwehluleka ekwenteni European zezomthetho uhlelo.

Imiphumela okuvulekile isenzo Shansela

Isihloko kwababaleki ohlala eJalimane namuhla kufanele bachazwa futhi ngalendlela: "eJalimane, ababaleki, Merkel" njengophawu lwenhlonipho Shansela ngenhlonipho kubabaleki yaseSiriya manje pejoratively wagxeka emazingeni amaningi.

Umphakathi German ukugxekile lokhu likaShansela uyini, eqinisweni, wamema nababaleki ukuba izwe. bazonde-abayizifiki eJalimane okwamanje inqobe. Ngokuba iningi amaJalimane, kuyacaca ukuthi Inqubomgomo wezifiki Chancellor sika akulungile.

"Ubuhlanya ezokuziKhethela"

Okhethweni ezifundeni federal - Baden-Württemberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Rhineland-Palatinate - iqembu Shansela kuhlulekile. Iphalamende isimo manje abameleli amaqembu kuqhathaniswa sinikeziwe ukukhoseliswa ababaleki kanye ababaleki:

• ultra kwesokudla "Alternative i-Germany", esimelela kuvalwe imingcele hhayi ukuthola ababaleki;
• Green Party;
• Social Democrats.

Iphephandaba Bild nje lichaze isimo ngokuthi "ubuhlanya yokuqokwa". Sueddeutsche Zeitung ubikezela esenzeka lomasipala luka-2016, "eJalimane zizoshintsha." Ezinye izincwadi ziye zasikisela ukuthi Angela Merkel kanye CDU (iChristian Democratic Union) ukukhokhela nezinqubomgomo zayo ovulekile wezifiki.

Ukhetho, ngokuvumelana Sueddeutsche Zeitung, ukunikeza amazwibela nekusasa yelinyenti German. Ngokombiko waleli phephandaba, Germany iqala "Browning". "Njengoba wazi, konke ageleza, izinguquko konke Kwabanye kungase kubonakale sengathi konke namanje ukuze, kodwa empeleni akunjalo." - ithi Sueddeutsche Zeitung.