Abaphila Besikhathi kaPetru 1. Amanani zomlando

Abaphila Besikhathi kaPetru 1 esadlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini yayo kabusha. Ngokusho incazelo efaneleka NJENGOBA Pushkin, bonke "isidleke kaPetru". Iqiniso lokuthi impumelelo inqubomgomo umbusi ngokuvamile kunqunywa imvelo, okuyinto yena akhetha abaziwayo. Kulesi sici, nokubusa uPetru ngingomunye umlando ukundlula futhi ezithakazelisayo.

izici Jikelele kwenkathi

Abaphila Besikhathi kaPetru 1 beniyingxenye nethimba lakhe. Bonke bangabangasokile e ngandlela-thile exhunywe ne ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe. Abaningi babo baqala imisebenzi yabo ngesikhathi wayesejele ngempela esemncane waba nesithakazelo ekudaleni regiments ezihlekisayo. Ngemva kwalokho, bathatha umyalo eziholayo izikhundla zokuphatha ebuthweni nokuphatha. Omunye wabo kwakungu-AD Menshikov. Izici isikhathi okukhulunywa ngabo ezifana ekuthandeni umbusi ngokuvamile kunqunywa izikhathi ezinhle nezimbi phakathi izintandokazi izimfihlo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 wayengakawathathi ukuma uhlelo ukunxenxa kwezenhlalo, okuyinto waqala ukusebenza engxenyeni kwekhulu le-18 yesibili, lapho ekugcineni izwe wathatha ijamo ubushiqela. Phakathi nokubusa uPetru mina indawo umusa kunqunywa umsebenzi luyimfihlo futhi inkosi cishe.

Alexander Danilovich

Isibonelo esimangalisayo lena Menchikoff. Ngokusho inguqulo evamile, kwenzeka abadayisi umndeni. Naphezu umsuka, wayengumuntu lihlakaniphile, rastoropen, sinamakhono okungavamile. Njengoba uPetru ukuba lenze abantu hhayi gentility yabo kanye nemvelaphi kanye ikhono lazo, wayihlukumeza kakhulu masinyane, waletha onamakhono nsizwa yena. Wayengakwazi ukufunda, kodwa kakhulu kunakho konke, uyakwazi ukujabulisa inkosi. Wayeke njalo abhekana ngayo imiyalelo, okungase kodwa abahlulekayo ukuzikhokhela ukuphumula. Njengoba abantu ababephila ngesikhathi Petru 1 esadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqiniseni amandla akhe, futhi Menshikov kwaba okufanayo. Wazehlukanisa eMpini Northern njengoba umholi wamasosha abanamakhono, ngoba kamuva yini umvuzo omkhulu.

Lefort

ngokuvamile ayezungezwe umbusi naningabafokazi. Omunye edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa F. Lefort. Wayengumuntu Swiss ngokuzalwa, kodwa lokhu akuzange kumvimbe abe umsizi abaqotho kumbusi. Wayengumuntu umhleli we okuthiwa play-regiments we inkosi yena, wathatha iqhaza emikhankasweni Azov. Abaphila Besikhathi kaPetru 1 akuyona njalo baziswa ngakho, kodwa uMbusi esizayo kakhulu babembheka ngingumngane wakhe omkhulu. Lefort kwaba indoda ethile efundile futhi, yebo, esiye saba lo mbusi osemusha we nethonya elikhulu engqondweni yakho, imfundo kanye nezobunhloli. Yingakho wabahola embasi Omkhulu eYurophu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, lapho inkosi ngokwakhe useye ingxenye ngaphansi igama iphoyisa Petra Mihaylova.

Gordon

Enye owezizwe ezungezwe Poroshenko kwaba P. Gordon. Yena wayengumbulali umhleli omkhulu wempi. Yena, kanye Menshikov futhi Lefort, udumo inhlangano edumile play-regiments. Yena wayengumbulali owaleli elikhulu lempi anolwazi, ngaphezu, wayenolwazi olunzulu theory. Ngesikhathi yokungezwani nodadewethu yenkosi UZandile juqu, wathuthela ohlangothini lokuqala. Yingakho i-emperor esizayo Wathembela ikakhulukazi. Gordon ezimpini izenzakalo eziningi ezibalulekile wokubusa kwakhe. Ngakho, nguye lizoqeda strelets kokuhlubuka kwase-1698.

Romodanovsky

Abangane Petru 1 kwadingeka indawo ebalulekile ukuphathwa yezwe kanye nezinguquko zawo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMbusi wayenesithakazelo yokuthi nabantu ababemzungezile bebelokhu abaqotho futhi bazi ukuthi kungumsebenzi wabo ezaziwayo. Kuyinto kubantu abanjalo zingezikaJehova Fedor Romodanovsky. Yena uvela emndenini yizicukuthwane boyar futhi eseyingane eduze umculo esigodlweni sayo. Esemncane kakhulu, wamiswa stolnik ngoba uyise wayengumGreki eduze Alexei Mikhailovich. Romodanovsky kamuva owaba ngomunye athembeke kakhulu kuPetru 1 kubantu. Indlela yokuthi uJehova ngokwakhe ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi kulokho abakulindele wayeyindoda oludala, okuyinto wabalwela wokuqeda senkosi entsha. Yena kwakungekaNkulunkulu ngokuphelele ukuba nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kodwa, nokho, asekelwe ekuguquleni inkosi abasha baba wakhe oyinhloko isifuba.

Phakathi ukungabi khona Peter A. mina wamyala ukuba elawula isimo, okhombisa ithemba ekhethekile yenkosi kule Boyar nokhahlo. Romodanovsky wajabulela ilungelo elikhethekile ukuya enkosini nganoma isiphi isikhathi ngaphandle umbiko ukuthi ukhuluma endaweni ebalulekile matasa ukuphathwa. Waba khona nokucindezela a Musketeers uthuli e 1698. WayeyiZwi de empeleni waba inhloko eMoscow, futhi ngemva omunye imililo eyingoduso ekululameni kwakhe. Boyar ithonya sasisikhulu kangangokuba akekho owaba nesibindi ukungena egcekeni lakwakhe, ngisho umbusi kwesokunxele carriole yakhe ngaphandle kwamasango, ivakashele umngani wakhe.

Shein

Peter noCatherine 1 2 ine khono elimangalisayo ukuthola eziyizungezile hhayi kuphela ezithembekile kodwa futhi onekhono kakhulu, abanamakhono futhi abantu abakhaliphile. Lesi sici ezivamile kokubusa kwayo kwaba sobala kangangokuthi ngisho izincwadi zikhona amagama esikhethekile imvelo yabo: isitatimende esingenhla ngu Pushkin, futhi maqondana imvelo iNdlovukazi baqala ukukhuluma izicukuthwane isikhathi Catherine. Enye ovelele ngesikhathi uPetru ngineminyaka engu Shein. Yena baduma ngenxa yakhe yezempi namakhono zamanxusa. Waba khona ohambweni zokubonisana nezempi. Kanjalo. Wathatha iqhaza emkhankasweni Prut. Phakathi neMpi Northern, wabuye waba nengxenye izimpi ngobukhulu futhi okubaluleke kunakho konke, ngoba yena wanikezwa isikhundla generalissimo.

Osterman

Waphinde waba ovelele wokubusa kaPetru. Wayengumuntu usomaqhinga onekhono kakhulu futhi onekhono, isazi sezombusazwe. Osterman eyingoduso emsebenzini zomthetho. 1 UPetru wayefuna ukuhlela ukuphathwa imodeli West Europe. Wayewazi kahle kohlelo European yokuphathwa futhi wazama ukusebenzisa izimiso zalo ukuba ngokoqobo Russian. Nokho, imisebenzi isiqongo izimbali Osterman zaba phakathi nokubusa Anna Ivanovna.

Kurakin

Lokhu owaziwayo kwesikhathi kaPetru lakhunjulwa iqiniso lokuthi washiya Umlando wakhe okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. indoda Ngale nokuqaphelisisa, waqhubeka iphepha zonke izinkumbulo yabo kanye nemigqondo mayelana inkathi koMbusi imisebenzi zenguquko lapho ayephila. Ezinkondlweni zakhe, ngaphezu ibhuku ngempilo yakhe siqu, kukhona okubonwa lamazwe ukuthi wavakashela, kanye imidwebo umbusi eseduze.

Tatishchev

Ibizwa ngokuthi "uyise womlando Russian." Ubizwa kufanele kubhekwe umsunguli wesayensi yomlando. Wayeseqala njengoba umlawuli abanamakhono, futhi wokubusa uPetru 1. Uye aphethwe ezihlukahlukene izikhundla futhi ngacula ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi kanye nemisebenzi. Ubephethe we izimboni, eholwa ukukhiqizwa yezimboni, okwenza imali ubunjiniyela wafunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waphathiswa imithwalo ukudweba amabalazwe Russia, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, samenta ukwenza umlando emsebenzini. ukubaluleka kwako futhi iqiniso ukuthi wayenguKristu ideologist yezinguquko kaPetru: ukunamathela rationalism, ngemfudumalo ukwamukele ukuguqulwa imithetho yombusi. Nokho, wayebacabangela ukuthi yokugcina uyazinaka enganele ekuthuthukiseni umkhakha nokurhwebelana.

imisebenzi izici ezivamile

Bonke laba bantu babe ngento eyodwa - kungcono yokuthi base ngokugcwele imisebenzi ukuzinikezela izinguquko Petru 1, okuyinto phezu kokuphothula Omkhulu Northern neMpi wathatha isiqu esithi koMbusi futhi Autocrat kuzo zonke Russias. Ngamunye wabo ubonakalisiwe uqobo ngezindlela eziningi. Nokho Babengabantu ezahlukene isimo sezenhlalo imvelaphi, ebengumbusi waleli ngesikhathi i-akhawunti alinganayo. In ngamunye kubo wayekwazisa amakhono abo futhi iyawuhlonipha uthole isicelo sabo oyifunayo. Lokho kwaba impumelelo yemisebenzi yayo: iqiniso lokuthi Tsar lokugcina Zonke Russia ungaphakathi esifanele futhi endaweni efanele ngokwabo abasizi.