Abashayeli bezindiza be-USSR

Abashayeli bezindiza yiziqhawe zesikhathi sethu, abameleli abakhulu kakhulu besizwe sabo, abanemfanelo yobuholi, ukuhlakanipha, umthwalo wemfanelo, ubuqotho kanye nempilo enhle. Indiza ngayinye ingase ibe yokugcina, kodwa nokho kufanele ijabulele indiza, lesi yisimo esiyinhloko sokwamukelwa kwalaba bantu abanesibindi. Bahlala esihlalweni semoto yabo, ukuze abaqambi bakwazi ukulungisa noma ukuthuthukisa indiza.

Abajikelezayo bokuhlola abajikelezayo

I-USSR yangaphambili igcwele amaqhawe kuphela. Ezinye zazingaziwa emlandweni wezwe, kodwa hhayi ukuhlolwa kwezindiza. Amagama alabafana abanobuqhawe abonakala ngokushesha ngabalingani bezombusazwe bezwe. Cishe bonke bathola isihloko se-Hero ye-USSR.

Omunye walaba bantu, ogama lakhe lafakwa emlandweni wokwakhiwa kwezindiza zasekhaya, ngu-Valery Chkalov. U-Valery Pavlovich waqala njengenhlangano ye-Aviation Plant e-Nizhny Novgorod. Futhi kakade ngo-1931 ngahlangabezana nezindiza ezintsha ze-fighter I-15 no-I-16.

Ngenxa yezinyathelo zakhe emoyeni, wafika wathola isigwebo futhi wagwetshwa iminyaka ejele, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwashintshwa umbandela owodwa. Phela, "ukuqhuma" kwe-Valery kwaqashelwa njengezibalo ezintsha ze-aerobatics. Ngo-1935, uKkkalov wanikezwa uMyalelo kaLenin. Iqembu laseChikvine laliyilokuqala ukuhamba kusukela enhloko-dolobha kuya eMpumalanga Ekude. Futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva wagijima waya eNorth Pole futhi wafika eVancouver. Ngemuva kokufaneleka okunjalo, uStalin wanikeza uChikv isikhundla se-People's Commissar ye-NKVD, kodwa u-Valery Pavlovich wenqaba futhi waqhubeka ehamba. Abashayeli bezindiza abafa ngesikhathi sezindiza baba ngamaqhawe amabili. NgoDisemba 1938 uValery Chkalov wenza indiza yakhe yokugcina. Wafa ehlola i-fighter entsha ye-I-180.

Abaqhubi bezempi

Abaqhubi bezokuhlola ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili badlala indima ebalulekile ekushayweni kwezempi. Naphezu kwezimo ezinzima zempi, iSoviet Union yanda amandla ayo empi. Ukwakhiwa kwamabhizinisi ebhayisikobho kwakhiqiza imishini emisha ethuthukile efuna ukuhlolwa. Omunye walawa maqhawe wesibhakabhaka sasempi nguSergei Nikolaevich Anokhin. Ngo-1931 waphumelela esikoleni esiphakeme. Futhi kakade ngo-1933 wabeka irekhodi ezweni lakhe. Esinye isikebhe sasihlala esibhakabhakeni cishe amahora angu-16. Ngaphambi kwempi ngathola ama-gliders wokuhlola.

Phakathi nempi waqhuba ukuhlolwa kwezindiza, izigulisi. Owokuqala ukuhlola i-fighter-interceptor nge- engine rocket. Ngo-May 1945, ngesikhathi kuhlolwa ukushayela indiza ye-Yak-3, umshayeli walimala kabi futhi walahlekelwa yiso, kodwa akazange ayeke ukuhamba ngezindiza. Wenza izindiza zokuhlola ezindizeni ezinjengo-Yak, MiG, Su. Ngo-1959, ezinyangeni eziyishumi eziphezulu, wanikezwa isihloko esithi "Umshayeli Wokuhlolwa Ohloniphekile". Indiza yokugcina yenziwa eneminyaka engu-73.

Ama-Pilot Award Awards

Kwaze kwaba ngu-1958 abaqhubi bezindiza abazange banikezwe imiyalo ehlukahlukene yezimfanelo ngaphambi kweMelandland, abaningi bebanjwe umhlalaphansi bengenalo indondo eyodwa. Abaningi bathola isihloko esithi "Hero ye-USSR" ngo-1957 kuphela. Futhi ngo-1958 isimemezelo se-Presidium ye-Armed Forces sakha isihloko esihloniphekile esithi "Umqhubi Wokuhlola Ohlonishwayo we-USSR" kanye ne "Uhlolo Lokuhlolwa Oluhlonishwayo lwe-USSR". Abaqhubi bezinyawo ezingu-1 kuphela abangathola isihloko esinjalo kanye ne-oda elihambelanayo.

Ngokuphelele, abaqhubi be-test abangu-419 banikezwe lesi sihloko esikhathini seSoviet.

Inkathi yokulandela impi

Ukuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kwamabhanoyi e-USSR kwakuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esikhathini sokuthunyelwa kwempi. Impi Yomshoshaphansi phakathi kwe-USSR ne-United States yaholela emncintiswaneni wezingalo. Ngaphambili kwakukhona ukuhlola kwezulu.

Omunye umqhubi ovivinyayo wokuhlola u-Yuri Petrovich Schaeffer. Kusukela ngo-1977, wayeyi-test ehamba phambili yesitshalo seTupolev. Kwakukhona esitokisini iVKS Buran. Uhlanganyele ekuvivinyweni kwama-fighters akwa-Su-25 nama-MiG-25.

I-Wolf Igor Petrovich - I-Hero ye-USSR, Isivivinywa Sokuhlola Esihlonishwayo, i-cosmonaut yokuhlola. Ihlolwe izindiza zasekhaya zazo zonke izinhlobo kusukela ngo-1965. Imidwebo ye- aerobatics, ikhono elikhethekile elibonisiwe, ukwenza "i-cobra" nelithi "isikhwama sezinkukhu".

UViktor Vasilievich Zabolotsky - umqhubi weSoviet test, emsebenzini wokuhlolwa kwezindiza kusukela ngo-1975. Phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe wayenezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezindiza.

Isikhathi samanje

Ngemuva kokuwa kweNyunyana nokulahlekelwa e-Cold War, iRussia, njengomlandeli we-USSR, ayivuli izinhlelo zayo zomoya. Futhi namuhla, izindiza ezindiza kakhulu, ama-fighters, izindiza zezindiza ezintsha ezakwazi ukunqoba isibhakabhaka zakhiwa.

Bogdan Sergey Leonidovich - Hero we-Russian Federation kanye noMshayeli Ohloniphekile we-Russian Federation. Kwahlolwa ukuhlolwa kukaSu and MiG. Kusukela ngo-2000, umshayeli wokuhlola ku-OKB ogama lakhe linguP. Sukhoi.

I-Magomed Tolboyev - kusukela ngo-1981 umshayeli wokuhlola, wanikezwa isihloko seHero of Russia kanye ne-Honored Test Pilot ye-Russian Federation. Amaphoyisa aseSu and MiG ahlolwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqala waphakamisa izindiza eziningana zezindiza ezinamandla.

Lolu hlu lungabuye lwaqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngoba abantu abaningi bezwe lakithi bayakwazi ukwenza i-feat, kodwa umsebenzi we-pilot wokuhlola okhethwe yikusasa. Esikhathini sanamuhla, kunezimo nokuhlolwa kwezindiza zakamuva eziphezulu, amabhomu, izindiza, kubonga kuphela kulaba bantu abanesibindi abaningi abazobona umhlaba.