US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam ngonyaka

US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam Babengaphezu kwamashumi eMpini Yezwe II. Lo mkhankaso kwafakazela zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho for baseMelika. Ngiphakathi ngaphambi noma ngemva-United States akazange alahlekelwe abantu abaningi kanye nobuchwepheshe. Masikhumbule izimbangela kule mpi, kanye Yiqiniso impi. Thina lizwakalise hhayi kuphela ukulahlekelwa US eVietnam, kodwa futhi ukulahlekelwa phesheya, kanye nezakhamuzi zendawo ababeyizisulu zale lengxabano.

I izimbangela zempi

Impi iye elihlobene ne-division of the emhlabeni ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II systems ezimbili: i-capitalism kanye sezenhlalo. Yaphela Nempi YaseKorea, ihlukaniswe lizwe kanye-united kwaba amakamu amabili. I ijika ne-Vietnam. Ngu 1954 yayisivele ihlukaniswe kanye parallel 17 kuya eNyakatho (sezenhlalo) kanye Southern (capitalism ngaphasi kwelawulo French). North ngenkuthalo ethuthuka ngokusekelwa China ne-Soviet Union ngomzamo ukudala isimo esihlanganisiwe ngaphansi ifulege lalo. Umbuzo ubunye kwaba kuphela Kuxhomeke isikhathi. South Yiqiniso, wayengafuni ukuba sibekezelele eziyimbangela yalokhu, namazwe kosozimali oholwa United States akahambi ukunikeza eyodwa ngaphezulu foothold ngaphansi banner ekamu sezenhlalo.

izaba

umphakathi American usabela ekulahlekelweni amasosha ayo kuzo zonke izimpi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale noma iyiphi ezingqubuzana kakhulu inkulumo-ze ulwazi selenziwe. Ukuqala ukusebenza kudingeka ngesenzakalo ahlomile, inqubo eyayingase isetshenziswe njengoba ezizwakalayo ophaka impi. Kwaba isenzakalo ekhatsi Tokyo Bay 2 Agasti 1964. US Navy ngumbhubhisi "Maddox" beza imingcele neNyakatho yeVietnam futhi ihlaselwa. Futhi ngo-August 5, 1964 amaMelika uqale ngamabhomu. Lo mcimbi namanje kuphakamisa imibuzo eminingi:

1. Kungani ngumbhubhisi wawusondela ogwini kwesimo nobutha? Ngaphambi kwalesi senzakalo, amaMelika lawela amabutho eningizimu wabafundisi. North isivele kubhekwe njengesitha.
2. Ekugcineni elicwengwé kwezimo sokufa ngaphandle komkhumbi. Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi Viet Cong ayikwazanga ngokwenyama ukubhubhisa umkhumbi.
3. isinqumo Quick. Phakathi ukubhujiswa kwabo ngumbhubhisi, futhi ekuqaleni ukuhlaselwa kwenzeke izinsuku ezintathu nje. Ngenxa yalokho, amasosha bekulokhu uyazi yini umphumela lapho sicasulwa.

ekuqaleni

Zonke amandla North sasimunye enhlanganweni "Viet Cong." Yingakho igama "Vietcong", okuyinto ngenkani kwezinto kwakufana igama elithi "lamaKhomanisi" emazweni aseNtshonalanga.

Ngo-1961, e-United States okuthunyelwa esifundeni wababefundisa futhi kwezempi. Kwafika ukulahlekelwa wokuqala US eVietnam. Nokho, full-scale lokulwa Melika ayizange led. iqhaza layo sasihlanganisa ibandulo labaSebenzi southerners. Nokho, ubuholi US uyaqonda ukuthi Viet Cong amabutho, elisekelwa ekamu sezenhlalo ngeke kuqhathaniswe.

Ngo-1963, eMpini North Apbake wabhubhisa cishe lonke ibutho + laseningizimu. abashokobezi Vietcong kakade abangaba yizinkulungwane 8. Man e yizwe lesitha leli. Ngo-1964, e-US Ufaka lapha akuxhomekile enkulu ayizinkulungwane 25. Man. Ngaphambi ukuthi kwakukhona Ochwepheshe futhi amasosha 800 kuphela. I empini sasingagwemeki.

"Burning Spear"

Ngo-1965, izikhundla behlaselwa US Army. US abalimala avele Vietnam kubantu nobuchwepheshe. UMongameli Johnson wamemezela ukuqala ukusebenza "Burning Spear". Inhloso yayo ukusebenzisa emoyeni ku izikhundla Viet Cong. Kodwa akukho yi ekhethekile kwangasiza.

kokungenela operation -Scale Okugcwele "Thunder". emoyeni Ezivamile ababanga umphumela. Esimeni semakhaya emahlathini ayisinindolo ukuthola izinto ekubhujisweni nzima kakhulu. Khona-United States ithuthukisa ukusebenza "Rolling Thunder". essence yayo - ukhaphethi nokubhonywa izindawo ezinkulu nokusetshenziswa amasosha emhlabathini. Isibalo sabasebenzi lilungisiwe kuya ku-180 eziyinkulungwane. Man. Eminyakeni emithathu ezayo, iqembu labantu baseMelika ikhuphukile abe ingxenye yesigidi.

Carpet esigamekweni sokuqhunyiswa kwaholela ukulahleka elikhulu phakathi kwabantu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imfundiso ngamabhomu, ukwamukela eBrithani ngo-1920 futhi yathathwa yi-United States. Ngezenzo awusebenzisa Dresden ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Inhloso yayo - ukuletha ukwesaba bonke labantu. Kulokhu, ukubulawa kwabantu ngobuningi kubhekwa ingxenye plan jikelele.

I sokuhlasela neNyakatho yeVietnam

Ufuna nje yokususa inganekwane ukuthi Vietcong zalwa impi ukuzivikela, futhi US - okuhlaselayo. Empeleni akunjalo. Zonke isenzo main babe ezindaweni eziqhelelene lokuqala engabandlululi ensimini yaseNingizimu Vietnam. umqali yangempela kwakungamadodana Viet Cong.

I "usuku Tet," Ngo-January 30, North umkhankaso wokuhlasela emikhulu ngo-1968. Lokhu kwaba ezingalindelekile, njengoba inkontileka ngalezonsuku kuzakuba khona ngaphandle lokulwa. US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam anda kulezi zinsuku sina.

Zonke ukuhlaselwa abangu kwawona ngempumelelo, kodwa emzini Hue lalahleka ukuze amaMelika. Ngo-March wedwa, ecasula petered kwathina siphele nyá. Ngemva kwalokho southerners kanti futhi abantu baseMelika ezihambelayo esiphikisayo ihlasele thatha futhi bamba futhi Hue. Kwatholakala impi zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho emlandweni empini.

Kulo muzi kwakunamaJuda ukubaluleka zamasu. Lona omunye izikhungo ezintathu ezinkulu eNingizimu Vietnam ngaphezu Saigon futhi Da Nang. Ngokusebenzisa sidlule omkhulu oxhumanisa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, nenhloko-dolobha yalo. Army enyakatho Hue iye nginqume supply elomile. Ekhulwini XIX lo muzi wawuyinhloko-dolobha ka isimo enobunye. Ngalokho-ke has kuwumfuziselo.

ukulahlekelwa American e Battle of Hue uye kubantu obakhathalelayo 200 abulawe. Southerners - mayelana 400. Nokho, ukulahlekelwa Viet Cong zazizimbi kakhulu - abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu 5 .. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu ukuhlulwa ekugcineni libukelwa phansi amakhono abo ezempi.

Battle of Hue - inkazimulo United States lempi

Ukunqoba Hue ingenye izimpi ekhumbulekayo emlandweni we-US, kanye izimpi ku Guadalcanal (Solomon Islands), iMpi Yezwe II, lapho Chosin (Korea). I kobuholi ezempi lithole nakho omkhulu ekulweni edolobheni. Ngaphambili, asemanzini akabaholanga lalolo izikhungo ezinkulu. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu lapho baseMelika baye basungula iqhinga impi endaweni ezisemadolobheni, okuyinto ke asetshenziswe Storming ka Fallujah ngempumelelo ngo-2004 (Iraq). Empini ngesikhathi Hue ukuwo 3 Battalion Marine futhi 11 Battalion zamabutho South Vietnamese.

US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam: zezindiza

Siza eU.SSR China ubelokhu wabasiza kakhulu North Vietnamese. ukuvala Union nje DRV wathola ruble ayizigidi ezingu-340, lolo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa - isamba eningi kakhulu. abafundisi waseSoviet wabasiza ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi. umbimbi ihlinzekwa nezikhali, kuhlanganise izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela yakamuva. Imininingwane US ukulahlekelwa e-Vietnam (izindiza, hhayi kuhlanganise nezinye izinto zokusebenza) - amayunithi ezingaphezu kuka-4 ayizinkulungwane .. BaseMelika ukubika ukuthi cishe 0.5 1000 kusukwe. Ngo impi, lesi sibalo sincane. Nokho, emngceleni neNyakatho yeVietnam anda ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha. Soviet emoyeni ukuzivikela sitemy isihlangu ukuqaphile esibhakabhakeni. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokulahlekelwa indiza eNingizimu Vietnam. Ngaphambi kwempi, izindiza zabo kwaba yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni emva-United States, i-Union neChina. Lapha, ukulahlekelwa omkhulu - ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 10 izindiza ..

US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam: ezinophephela emhlane

Ngokuqondene ezinophephela emhlane, kukhona amaMelika kwafa abantu abangaphezu kuka-5 izinkulungwane. Amayunithi. Okungukuthi, izimoto 3 ngelanga.

Helicopter - ekhaya Imishini Marine Corps phakathi neMpi Vietnam. Esikhathini nemibandela emahlathini esingaweleki futhi off-road iyona ezokuthutha kuphela, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ukwazi ukwemboza umlilo elihamba phansi. Nokho, indiza - isisulu esilula eqhathaniswa izindiza. Akunjalo ngempela abe ukuzivikela ukudubula phansi. Kwakubonakala MANPADS namaSoviet "Strela" Kusukela ngo-1972, ngo-Vietcong ahlomile. Kahle kubo ayengakwenza iyiphi umlimi. Kwaba ngo-1972, e-United States aqaphela ukuthi impi abazange uwine.

"Ukuqhuma kwamabhomu Christmas" futhi ekupheleni kwempi

Ngo-1972, i-Nyakatfo wenza esinye uzame ukuhlaselwa ezinkulu sisebenzisa amandla zempi. Nokho, ngosizo US emoyeni Southerners alwa off the kuhlasela.

Ngemva kwalokho, e-United States kwenziwe sina ukhaphethi nokubhonywa emadolobheni amakhulu ase-North: Hanoi futhi Haiphong. Ukusebenza wabizwa ngokuthi "ukuqhuma kwamabhomu Christmas". NeNyakatho yeVietnam izinhlanga kwadingeka zihlale etafuleni yezingxoxo, ngemva kwalokho amaMelika ngokushesha wasuka amabutho azo. US ukulahlekelwa eVietnam eminyakeni kunzima ukubala. Lokhu impi irekhodi isibalo amasosha aseMelika efile. Ukweqa ebuthweni abaphumelelanga, yonke imizi Babesaba Pass yezempi, futhi lokho wakhipha amafulegi. Lokhu kwakusho ukufa empini ye esiseduze. US ukulahlekelwa e-Vietnam (isithombe ezazivela impi banikwa esihlokweni) uyahluka 40-60 izinkulungwane. Man. Lokho singabali Puerto Ricans ngubani abehora yisosha iminyaka yokufuna yisakhamuzi, kanye abalimele kanye abagogekile. Abenzi lutho kulolu sibalo, kodwa futhi aye kulahlekile emphakathini.

I boxer abadumile Muhammad Ali oko waba Muslim wathatha igama elisha, njengoba wanika izinsizwa zakho. Abaningi babesuke lizwe. Vietnamese futhi kule mpi zabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-1 million. Abantu, kuhlanganise abesifazane nezingane.