Amafomu Tax ngoba SP

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene intela eRussia? Yini okufanele ukhetha usomabhizinisi ngamunye endabeni ethile? Qonda yonke lena akuyona njengoba kunzima njengoba kubonakala. Empeleni, lonke izwe izinhlelo eziningana intela. Kodwa eziningi izinkokhelo ahlukahlukene. Lokho kufanele unake. Pho, ungayilawula kanjani ukukhokha izintela usomabhizinisi ngabanye? Yini okudingeka ukhethe okukodwa noma olunye uhlobo intela? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi indlela ngayinye has a ukuthuthukiswa? Futhi lokho izinhlelo kakhulu ziphoqa kusukela izakhamuzi? Phendula yonke le akunzima kangako. Enough ukwazi olunye ulwazi mayelana uhlobo intela ngamunye. Futhi ngesisekelo ulwazi wathola ukuhlala kulokhu noma okufana.

uhlu jikelele

Ngakho, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuba wazi ukuthi yini yonke umnikazi esizayo ungakhetha. Yiziphi izinhlobo intela senzeka eRussia? Into wukuthi nguqulo ye izenzakalo ngamunye has izici zayo siqu. Futhi-ke uma bengayikukholwa acabangele, hhayi kuphela "zisishise" nebhizinisi, kodwa futhi ukuhlala onecala isimo.

What do izinhlobo ezahlukene ukukhokha izintela? osomabhizinisi ngamunye ungasebenzisa omunye izinhlelo ezilandelayo:

• Imininingwane uhlelo (OCHO);
• "Intela Esenziwe Lula" (sts);
• "Vmenenka" (UTII);
• UAT;
• patent.

Njengomthetho, asanda e okukhulu funa patent, kanye uhlelo lula. Kodwa kungani? Iziphi izici ube indlela ngayinye? Futhi singakusebenzisa kanjani ukushintsha uhlelo intela eRussia emva ukubhalisa IP?

OCHO

Ngakho, inketho lokuqala - ke OCHO. amafomu Tax ngoba SP zikhethwa kuncike kwezamabhizinisi. Phela, akusiyo njalo omunye kukho ubhekwa yinzuzo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sinake imininingwane naleso siphakamiso.

I jikelele uhlelo intela - ukhetho ezivamile. Kungaba njalo isetshenziswe. "Okuzenzakalelayo" ijwayele ukusethwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma isakhamuzi akubonisi umbuso esikhethekile intela, ngeke baphathe ngokuzenzakalela ku ibhizinisi kohlelo jikelele.

Ukuze ukhethe ifomu kwesokudla beqhuba IP, kudingeka sibone ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi uyikhokhe ngokheshe imali kwelinye icala noma olunye. Lapho izakhamuzi akhokhe OCHO:

• intela, elitholakala ngaso kasomabhizinisi futhi abathintekayo ebhizinisini;
• VAT izimpahla namasevisi ithengiswe (18% yenani);
• kwentela engenayo (inkampani ukhokhelwe 2016 20% Inani lemali, SP - 13%).

Plus kufanele ukhokhe iminikelo Pension Fund yeRussia. Lokhu inkokhelo iyadingeka zonke izinhlelo intela. Kuphela kwezinye izimo akusiyo. Lokhu isici okufanele kucatshangelwe.

Plus noma lokususa OCHO

Amafomu intela eRussia aziwayo kakade. Kodwa yini ukungena nasemigwaqweni of indlela ngayinye? Uhlelo jikelele ephawuleka kakade, kudinga ukukhokhwa semali. Lolu khetho asifanele namabhizinisi amancane nge iholo elincane.

Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa nabathengisi ngenxa VAT. Phela, uma ungehlisa inani yisigungu abanikezeli izimali. OCHO kudinga zokubika enemininingwane kuhambisana wamaphepha sina.

Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, le ndlela kuyinto ekahle, SP, abahlela bahlanganyele uhwebo lwezitolo. Njengoba umfuziselo - ukusebenza nezinkampani ezinkulu ukuthi ahlangane naso VAT. Uma kungenjalo, Kunconywa nezinye izinhlobo intela ngoba osomabhizinisi ngabanye.

UAT

Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukuziqhakambisa UAT. Lona uhlelo bebubuncani yokukhokha imali. Isetshenziselwa kuphela uma kuziwa ibhizinisi ezihlobene nomsebenzi wezolimo. Ukuze yini ukunemba kakhudlwana, ne ukukhiqizwa.

Kudinga wamaphepha sina, cishe akukho sidingo. Ngakho-ke, osomabhizinisi ulwazi olwanele mayelana nokuba khona kwamakamu ifomu ezifana intela. Futhi akukho lutho ngaphezulu. Ekusebenteni, intela olulodwa wezolimo kwenzeka ezimweni angawodwa. engathandwa Ikakhulukazi waba emva kusungulwa patent. Manje UAT - uhlelo ngeshwa kakhulu. Yingakho uyipende ngokuningiliziwe akunandaba mqondo.

"Vmenenka"

inketho Landelayo - intela olulodwa imali kwabalelwa. Leli fomu intela is edume ngokuthi "vmenenkoy". Isebenzisa hhayi nesidingo eliphakeme. Futhi konke ngenxa ukuthi bavunyelwe ukukhetha UTII akuyona zonke izinhlobo zebhizinisi.

Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi inketho onjalo kubonisa ukuthi izintela ezithile uzokhokhelwa. Amafomu intela, kuncike esimweni esithile, uvumele yokukhokha inhlawulo ahlukahlukene. Yiziphi izintela zikhokhelwa at UTII?

He is yodwa fike. It ngokuthi - intela olulodwa imali kwabalelwa. Ngu Isifaniso nge ohlelweni. Lithathelwa yempahla, engenayo ne-VAT. Inkokhelo kunqunywa ngokuhambisana uhlobo lwebhizinisi.

Emihle nemibi "vmenenki"

Khetha uhlobo intela bangaqashwa cishe noma nini. Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi abe UTII? Onikezwe futhi uma kutuswa ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo intela?

Iphuzu liwukuthi kuze lokususa kuyinto wamaphepha nje, kanye nokubika enemininingwane. Kufanele ugcwalise eziningi imibhalo, ukuqhuba ngemibiko ngekota, futhi konke lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba ikhokhwe intela eyodwa kuphela.

Khetha UTII izinkampani ezincane kuphela. Uma isabelo nezinye izinhlangano zebhizinisi abangaphezu kuka-25% noma i-corporation ziqasha abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-100, "vmenenka" awusebenzi. Lokhu akuvunyelwe.

Izinzuzo zihlanganisa bikho emalini engenayo, kanye nokwenzeka ekunciphiseni umshuwalense ngenxa abangaphansi. UTII ekhethiwe uma kunokwenzeka.

mayelana namalungelo obunikazi

Yileso ezithakazelisayo UTII fomu. intela uhlelo osomabhizinisi Russian kuthiwa ukulalelisisa. Ngempela, kuye ngohlobo intela ngokuvamile kuncika ekuphumeleleni kwebhizinisi. Okuningi ngokunembile, kulokho kuyoba black usomabhizinisi.

samuntu yanamuhla uhlelo lobunikazi. Mhlawumbe inketho yimpumelelo kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukuzama ngokwabo kule noma lelo bhizinisi. Linomqondo ukungabi khona intela langempela. It has okufanayo UTII - isebenza kuphela uhlobo oluthile imisebenzi.

Citizen kokusebenzisa kulesi simiso ukuthenga i-patent isikhathi esithile. Bese buthule isebenze. Ayikho izici eziningi, le ndlela akusho.

Khetha ukuthi patent

Amafomu intela eRussia - yilokhu kunikezwa ukucatshangelwa ngokujulile. Kuyadingeka ukuba banake patent, uma umsebenzi ungaphakathi isimiso evumela ukusetshenziswa kwalesi simiso. Yini izinzuzo nezingozi onginike izinguqulo lwezenzakalo?

Okumbi - imincele we-patent, i-value ehlukile idokhumenti ezindaweni ezahlukene, ukungakwazi bathenge imvume lonke ibhizinisi. ezindaweni ezithile kuphela akuvumela ukuba ukhethe uhlobo intela.

Izinzuzo uhlelo lobunikazi ngaphezulu. Linanincane imicikilisho, kungekho ezinye izintela nezimali. Paid patent bese kuphela ileja ekhethekile kugcinwe. Okuhle ukusebenzisa lolu uhlelo ukuhlola amandla abo. Ungakwazi ukuthenga i-patent nje ngenyanga bese ubone ukuthi ngakhele igama lebhizinisi noma cha.

USN

Ethandwa kakhulu ibhizinisi inketho IP kuyindlela lula intela. Lokhu okufana kuvamile phakathi kosomabhizinisi imfundamakhwela kanye osomabhizinisi. It ikuvumela ukuba ukhokhe okungenani yemali. Uma lokhu akuyona zonke izinhlobo imisebenzi.

Ngokuvamile, akukho komkhawulo ukuze USN. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, le ndlela ubhekwa ezingezinhle kakhulu. Njengomthetho, abaqashi liyakukhokha kuphindwe yizinkokhelo eziningi:

• intela engenayo;
• iminikelo umshwalense.

Izintela ezikhokhelwa kanye ngonyaka, kuyakukhulunywa nangalokho ibika kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-12, ekupheleni kwesikhathi sentela. "Intela Esenziwe Lula" kungadinga amanani angalingani imali. Konke kuncike izindleko izimali usomabhizinisi.

Inzuzo kanye nezindleko

I mnandi ukufunda ifomu yentela? Esenziwe Lula uhlelo intela - kuwukukhetha ethandwa kakhulu phakathi osomabhizinisi. Manje kanye USN esetshenziswa patent.

Kuye kuthiwe ukuthi "intela Esenziwe Lula" kungadinga amanani ahlukahlukene yemali. Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde izindleko futhi izimali. Leli fomu intela isetshenziswa izinhlelo ezimbili:

1. izinkokhelo seNgeniso yesiFundazwe. It isicelo ukungabi izindleko noma nobuncane yabo. Kulokhu, isimo kuyodingeka bakhokhe u-6% inzuzo yonyaka.
2. "Ukuchitha imali" izinkokhelo. Kwakuvamise ukunciphisa base yentela ngezithukuthuku imali. Khokha kusukela 5 kuya ku-15% we inzuzo ukuthi uhlala ngemva kokubanjwa kwezimali. Ulwazi olunembile kufanele ufunde kusifunda ngasinye.

Ngo amabhizinisi kakhulu usebenza, sebenzisa samuntu kuqala. Yingakho uhlelo intela lula, oluhlangene izintela ngesibalo sika 6%. Okuzuzisa kakhulu nohlelo ekuqaleni abantu abadala. Inguquko ohlelweni lula kuba ezijwayele eziningi.

Ukukhetha noma usuke

Kanjani ukuze ukhethe noma ukuya ohlelweni oluthile intela? Ngokuvamile, lesi sinyathelo ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngokuqondile isakhamuzi design njengoba usomabhizinisi ngabanye. Eyayikhethwe kusengaphambili uhlelo intela kuletha ngokuphazamisa omncane. ke Kuyancomeka ukuba ngokushesha ukunquma ukuthi ukhetho evumelana nebhizinisi. Njengomthetho, izakhamuzi wahlanganyela yokubhaliswa IP uma wazi kahle ngaphansi kwaziphi isikimu ngeke bakhokhe intela. Ngokuvamile isitatimende yokubhalisa kubonisa omunye imodi zokukhokha intela imisebenzi elindeleke. Kodwa ungakwazi ukukhetha ngandlela-thile cishe noma nini zokwenza ibhizinisi.

Yini zimvimbelo eziphoqelelwe Kulokhu? Iphuzu liwukuthi:

1. OCHO ngeke kusebenza ngokuzenzakalela uma isakhamuzi ayinayo umbuso ekhethekile ngesikhathi kuvulwa le-IP.
2. Inguquko efomini lula intela kungenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-30 kusukela kuvulwa ibhizinisi. Lo mthetho usebenza ukusebenzisa kohlelo intela lula ngonyaka ka kuvulwa icala. Noma kuze 31 Disemba - ke "intela Esenziwe Lula" isenzo kuyoba ngonyaka ozayo. Futhi okokuqala kuyodingeka ukusebenza OCHO.
3. UTII wavula zingakapheli izinsuku 5 kusukela ekuqaleni ibhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokuvula IP. Ukunakwa, kukhona ezinye ukulinganiselwa. On kubo kunconywa ukuthola esifundeni ngasinye.
4. Umthetho Welungelo Lobunikazi ithengwe kusengaphambili. Uma umuntu efuna ukuvula IE bese usebenzisa uhlelo lobunikazi, izinsuku 10 ngaphambi ukubhalisa kumele uxhumane intela ngesitatimende okuhambisanayo. Okulandelayo kukhona idokhumenti yokukhokha. Kwakuthinta kuphela kamuva ekhishwe imisebenzi yebhizinisi.
5. UAT ngokuvamile bhalisiwe enyangeni eyodwa kusukela ngosuku wokuvula we SP. Ngemva ukwethulwa patent cishe ingekho umkhuba.

Ngakho yini okhetha

Ngakho indlela ukukhetha uhlobo intela usomabhizinisi ngabanye? Prakthiza ebonisa ukuthi nesidingo esikhulu kuyinto USN 6% intela, kanye namalungelo obunikazi. Kube sekulandela UTII. A OCHO Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe uma kuziwa Wholesales asebenzayo, kanye ekubhekaneni isicelo VAT izinkampani.

Empeleni, wonke usomabhizinisi kufanele unqume ukuthi okanye kuyoba okunenzuzo letsite. Beginners kungase kube ngcono ukuba uqale ukusebenzisa patent. Futhi ngesisekelo zathola okuhlangenwe nakho, ukuvula i-oluthile intela. Lena indlela enhle elikuvumela ukuba uhlole indlela ibhizinisi uyophumelela.

Uma umuntu ihlela ukusebenza ku ngokwayo, ngaphandle abangaphansi Kunconywa "intela Esenziwe Lula". Kuphakathi ukushiya patent - ngandlela-thile kukhona usomabhizinisi. Akukhona njalo kungenzeka ukuba ukhethe uhlelo intela patent. Kodwa uma kukhona ithuba, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ukuhlola amabutho abo.