Iyini ingcindezi osmotic

Osmosis ngokuthi sohlangothi olulodwa okusheshayo nokuguqulwa zishintshe kuphela ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi semipermeable kusukela kanzulu kancane ukuze isixazululo kanzulu ngokwengeziwe. ulwelwesi Semi permeable ingenye okuyinto permeable kuya kuphela futhi eliqinile kumaseli ziyoncibilika therein izinhlayiya. Ngu definition, ingcindezi osmotic - kuba ukucindezela hydrostatic, isicelo okumelwe ikhambi ukuyeka nokuhanjiswa kwe- izinhlayiya, okusho Osmosis.

Osmosis okujwayelekile nemvelo. He is eziyizici bonke eziphilayo begazi. ingcindezi osmotic kwenzeka uma izixazululo ahlukaniswe ulwelwesi semipermeable. Ngokwesibonelo, athatha elise amangqamuzana extracellular isikhala uketshezi. Ngokuvamile, le extracellular futhi intracellular ingcindezi osmotic okufanayo. Kodwa uma uketshezi interstitial ilahlekelwa ingcindezi amanzi inyuka therein. Ngaphansi isenzo yamanzi umfutho ophakeme kusukela cell osmotic iqala ekubhebhetselisa esikhaleni extracellular. Okusheshayo kuphele kuphela lapho ingcindezi ukubaluleka Qondanisa.

Yini enquma ingcindezi osmotic

Ingcindezi at Osmosis incike solute izinhlayiya kangakanani oluqukethwe per unit ivolumu. Lezi kungaba amangqamuzana, ion noma ezinye izinhlayiya colloidal. Omunye ongathi ingcindezi osmotic yesixazululo ngenxa lokuhlushwa zonke izinhlayiya, osmotically asebenzayo, per unit ivolumu. I izakhiwo amakhemikhali uketshezi kanye izinto ziyoncibilika ke, kodwa akunjalo.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ingcindezi osmotic ilalela imithetho efanayo njengoba ingcindezi gas. Kungaba lobuhlukene amathuluzi ngokuthi osmometers. Ziyakwazi okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi ingcindezi Izikali. Lezi zinsimbi asetshenziswa ulwelwesi semipermeable izilwane zokwenziwa imvelaphi. Ingcindezi izilinganiso ukukhombisa kwencika ngqo phezu lokuhlushwa ikhambi.

Mthetho ingcindezi osmotic, evulekile Van Hoff, uthi inani layo ngamanani alinganayo kule ingcindezi, okwakuyoholela abe lwalezozinto isixazululo nokuba lokushisa okufanayo igesi enhle nge amalunga nobukhulu bayo kungaba ulingana ivolumu yesixazululo.

Lichaza kwesibalo Law: p = i CRT

Inani i- Coefficient isotonic ;

C - lokuhlushwa ikhambi, obonakaliswe amavukuzi;

R - igesi jikelele ukubaluleka njalo;

T - lokushisa thermodynamic.

Inani ingcindezi osmotic eziphilayo

Osmosis sizalwa nawo eziphilayo nemvelo, njengoba bonke nezitshalo nezilwane amaseli abe ulwelwesi permeable zokuphakela ngamanzi kanye nokukhuculula eliqinile ukuze nezinye izinto. Ngo ophilayo izicubu, emngceleni amaseli bese uketshezi intercellular, njalo ingcindezi osmotic. Linikeza ukuvelela nomsoco kanye amanzi enhlabathini ukuze amaqabunga izitshalo kanye isitshalo turgor, umsebenzi obalulekile amaseli.

I izixazululo kokuba ingcindezi efanayo osmotic, ngokuthi isotonic. Labo lapho ingcindezi ephakeme, ngokuthi hypertonic, ephansi - hypotonic.

Ingcindezi osmotic igazi labantu e izamba 7.7 atm. Abasebenzisi bakwazi uzizwe kokuthandabuza kancane ke. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ethola ukudla ukoma okunosawoti kuyinto okuhlobene izithelo zalo. edema Local yisihlungu futhi kuphakama ngenxa osmotic ingcindezi kuyanda endaweni ukuvuvukala.

Ulwazi imithetho ingcindezi osmotic kule imithi kuyadingeka sokufeza izinyathelo zokulungisa. Ngakho, odokotela okwaziwayo ukuthi kungenzeka bentando emthanjeni esetshenziswa plasma kuphela isixazululo isotonic ka 0.9% NaCl. It akakubangeli izicubu ukucasuka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, hypertonic 3-5% NaCl isetshenziselwa nezilwanyana ezincane ukuhlanzwa kangcono kusukela amanxeba purulent kanye ubomvu.

Ulwazi imithetho Osmosis kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela kwezokwelapha biology. Ngaphandle-ke abakwazi ukwenza izinhlobo eziningi umsebenzi womuntu, kuhlanganise umkhakha namandla.