Amandla Dual - kuba isimo alinganayo amagatsha amabili uhulumeni

amandla Dual - kuba ngokoqobo esikhathini esidlule, kwenzekani kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa ukuyibiza ehlukile: diarchy, duumvirate. Diarchy kwaba Principate futhi - ifomu ethile ekuqaleni ohlanga Roman, lapho umbusi kuqhathaniswa Senate kusekelwa abantu. Ingqikithi kulezi zinkanyezi wedwa - isimo alinganayo amabili inani eliphakeme kunawo wonke izikhulu zikahulumeni noma izikhungo.

Nge ombaxambili ijwayelekile emazweni amaningi

incazelo lucebe ye izwi kucacile ukuthi amandla ezimbili - i-amandla ezimbili. Emlandweni izibonelo eziningi lapho izwe lalibuswa abantu ababili ngesikhathi esisodwa. ESpain, lesi sinqumo wedwa, uFerdinand neNdlovukazi u-Isabella.

Emazweni ezifana Bhutan (lapho manje) futhi Tibet, kwakukhona uhlelo ombaxambili uhulumeni. Peter mina e 1682 ethathe ubukhosi nomfowabo u-Ivan. Kodwa diarchy ukuxabana diarchy. Uma umashiqela Spanish uyayenza integrally, amakhosi kanye neyoku-I Petru Ivan V kukhona abaphikisi sobukhosi Shrunken kanyekanye endaweni olunegazi streletskogo isiphithiphithi. Besenkolweni ezimbili zonda nezinye Clan ngamunye - Miloslavskys futhi Naryshkin. Nge amandla anjalo ezimbili ijwayelekile IGrisi yasendulo neRoma Lasendulo, zolotaya Orda naseSweden ephakathi, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, England nase-Scotland izinsuku kukaWilliam III wase-Orange.

imiphumela esifushane uma kwenzeka ukungqubuzana

Cishe njalo, amandla ezimbili kuphakamisa ukudideka futhi ihlala isikhathi eside ngezindinganiso zomlando. Lokho yi-umqondo futhi injongo amandla ezimbili ezivamile - lena into yesikhashana. ukuphikiswa Political kungaba ezakhayo. Futhi izwe lapho akusiyo elichumayo. Lokhu kunjalo uma kungekho ukuxhumana phakathi izikhungo kwamandla, lapho wonke amandla is hhayi phakathi kwabo ukuba umphumela ongcono, kodwa kukhona, kunalokho, a izidubedube phakathi kwabo amandla ezimbili alinganayo ukukhuzwa amayunithi zokuphatha. Esimweni esinjalo kungenzeka omunye indlela yokuphuma - amanye amaqembu kudingeke sinqobe futhi ukuba agxilise amandla ezandleni zakhe kuphela wakhe futhi. amandla Dual kuhlale kuyingozi ngoba ngokuvamile ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana yombango futhi igazi eliningi.

Isenzakalo luyingxenye yasekhaya

Isibonelo okusobala kakhulu futhi esobala kwalesi sitatimende - ombaxambili eRussia, ayakha ngemva Februwari Revolution futhi yathatha-March kuya ku-July 1917. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izindaba ayesevele amacala uhlelo ombaxambili uhulumeni, ahlukile kwenzekeni eRussia eyaziwa, kwakungelula. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, amandla ezimbili - amagatsha amabili amandla, ekhona ngokulinganisa. Ngomnyaka weshumi nesikhombisa eRussia, omunye wabo kwaba Yesikhashana Uhulumeni, iyingxenye ubushiqela of onxiwankulu, elinye - amaSoviet of amaphini Workers futhi Amasosha ', igciwane ngekusasa amandla abantu. Kodwa okwamanje iningi izihlalo eMkhandlwini waya Mensheviks futhi SRS - 250, amaBolshevik wathola 28. kuphela Yenzeka ngoba eyandulela we Petrograd Soviet lamiswa yi Mensheviks ngo-1915, Working Group of the Central Military-Industrial Committee (Umsebenzi Counseling Center). Ehola kwaba Menshevik KA Gvozdev. AmaBolshevik namanje banolwazi oluncane umsebenzi yenhlangano.

uhulumeni Anti-ezidumile Mensheviks

Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho Social Abavukeli futhi Mensheviks eyenziwa izinqubomgomo zabo. Ikhaya amemezela ukuthi wacabanga - lizwe akakabi alungele revolution sezenhlalo. Futhi ezihlongozwayo ukudalwa i Yesikhashana Uhulumeni, okuyinto kumele abonise amandla, kodwa eMkhandlwini wayenalo ilungelo lokwenza ukulawula imisebenzi isakhiwo esisha sikahulumeni. Amathiphu wencike amandla abantu ukuvukela, kodwa amandla kwaba wobunxiwankulu Yesikhashana kaHulumeni. Esaphakama Februwari diarchy - nesimo zezombusazwe esizwe onxiwankulu. Laba bobabili amagatsha zazinemigomo ezahlukene - amaBolshevik sasifuna ukuqhubeka inguquko, ekunqobeni okuyinto titawusungulwa ubushiqela lwesigaba sabasebenzi, onxiwankulu sasifuna ukuqhubeka impi. Ayehlukile cishe zonke izinkinga, isivumelwano yathinteka kuphela ukuvinjelwa ukuthunjwa kwezwe abanikazi bamazwe. Isixazululo ezinkingeni eziyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ebucayini lihlehliselwe "ngemva kwalokho."

Ajwayelekile izibhelu Russian

Ngokwemvelo, ngaphansi Esimweni esinjalo, the Yesikhashana Uhulumeni, obumbi kwavela phakathi Mashi. G. E. eLvov waba usihlalo we sokusebenzisana esilandelayo "Izikhonzi sezenhlalo" we uhulumeni owathatha izinyanga 1.5, futhi ngesikhathi esincane kangaka liye lasinda zinhlekelele ezimbili. Ngokuvamile, kusukela ngo-March kuya ku-October nomunye 4 washintsha indlela yokwakheka Yesikhashana kaHulumeni. Kwaphawulwa ngenhla ukuthi ombaxambili - cishe njalo udidekile. Kwakungekho umuzwa Nokho, lutho, Ilungu ngalinye lomkhaya elisanda kuqokwa we the Yesikhashana Uhulumeni sasifuna ukuqhubeka impi futhi ekuqalisweni kokuzibophezela ukuba kubangane bawo. Council iphethwe Mensheviks futhi SRS ababekanye uhulumeni Empeleni, ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokho kubukela phansi ithemba labantu, okubangela ukushuba komoya wakhe. Ukuchitheka kwegazi kunesokuqala sase siqalile ukuvunguza. Ngo-July, ukuboniswa 500,000th wadutshulwa amasosha siqotho Yesikhashana Uhulumeni, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo kumiswa February Revolution. amandla Dual yaphela nge ekunqobeni onxiwankulu. KwamaBolshevik Party wawuvinjelwe futhi yasebenza ngomshoshaphansi.