Amaqhawe we-Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphaza kwabo (ngokufishane)

Akuyona iminyaka eyishumi eyedlule, uMikhail Efremov wazalelwa - umholi wezempi ohlakaniphile, owazibonakalisa phakathi nalezi zimpi ezimbili - Civil and Domestic. Kodwa-ke, lezo zibopho azenzile, azibongi ngokushesha. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, iminyaka eminingi yadlula ngaphambi kokuba banikezwe isihloko esifanelekile. Yiziphi ezinye iziqhawe zeMpi yamaPhropiki amakhulu ezikhohliwe?

Umlawuli Wezinsimbi Zase-Steel

Lapho eneminyaka engu-17, uMikhail Efremov wajoyina amabutho. Waqala inkonzo yakhe njengesivolontiya enkundleni yezinsana. Sekuyiminyaka emibili kamuva, ngesibalo sesibonakaliso, wabamba iqhaza ekuphumeleleni okudumile ngaphansi komyalo kaBrusilov. Ezingxenyeni ze-Red Army, uMikhail wajoyina ngo-1918. Iqhawe elidumile le-Great Patriotic War lazuza ngezindiza ezizivikelekile. Ngokuqondene neqiniso lokuthi i-Red Army ayinalo izitimela ezikhaliphile ngezikhali ezinhle, uMikhail wanquma ukuzidala ngokuzimela, esebenzisa izindlela ezingalungile.

UMikhail Efremov wahlangana neGreat Patriotic War ebusweni bebutho lama-21. Ngaphansi kokuhola kwakhe, amasosha ayevimbela amabutho esitha e-Dnieper, evikela iGomel. Ukungavumeli amaNazi ukuthi angene ngemuva kweNingizimu-Western Front. Ukuqala kweMpi YasePatricia, uMikhail Efremov wahlangana, ehola i-33rd Army. Ngalesi sikhathi, wabamba iqhaza ekuvikeleni iMoscow nakwezinye izinto eziphikisayo.

Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, iqembu elishaqisayo, elawulwa nguMikhail Efremov, laphulukana negebe ekuvikeleni isitha laya eVyazma. Kodwa-ke, amasosha anqunywe emabuthaneni amakhulu futhi azungezwe. Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili, amasosha ahlasela ngemuva kwamaJalimane, abulala amasosha esitha kanye nemishini yempi. Futhi lapho i-cartridges ekudleni iphelile, uMikhail Efremov wanquma ukungena kuye, ecela umsakazo mayelana nenhlangano yomgudu.

Kodwa i-hero ye-Great Patriotic War ayikwazanga ukwenza. AmaJalimane aqaphela ukunyakaza futhi ahlula iqembu lase-Efremov. UMikhail ngokwakhe, ukuze agweme ukuthunjwa, wadutshulwa ngokwakhe. Wangcwatshwa amaJalimane edolobheni laseSlobodka nazo zonke izihlonipho zempi.

Ngo-1996, ama-veteran aqhubekayo nezinjini zathola ukuthi uEfremov wanikezwa isihloko seHero waseRussia.

Ukudumisa i-feat yeGastello

Yiziphi ezinye iziqhawe zeMpi yamaPhropiki amakhulu ezikhohliwe? Ngo-1941, isibhamu se-DB-3F sahamba sisuka enkundleni yezindiza, eyayiseduze kwaseSmolensk. U-Alexander Maslov, okungukuthi, wagijima indiza yokulwa, wanikezwa umsebenzi wokukhipha ikholomu yesitha, ukuhamba ngomgwaqo kaMlodechno-Radoshkovichi. Le ndege yahlaselwa izibhamu ezithinta izidakamizwa, izisebenzi zazingekho.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, okungukuthi ngo-1951, ukuze kuhlonishwe inkumbulo yebhomu elidume kakhulu uNicolai Gastello, owamenqamula umgwaqo ofanayo, kwenziwa isinqumo sokuhambisa izinsalela zabasebenzi endaweni yokuhlala yaseRadoshkovichi esigabeni esiphakathi. Ngesikhathi sokuthungwa kwemithi bathola indondo ye-Sergeant Grigory Reutov, owayengumqhubi wabasebenzi baseMaslov.

I-historiographie ayizange ishintshe, kodwa-ke, abasebenzi baqala ukufakwa ohlwini njengokungabikho, kodwa kumuntu oshonile. AmaHighters of the Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphazwa kwawo kwaqashelwa ngo-1996. Kulo nyaka wonke abasebenzi baseMaslov bathola isihloko esifanele.

Umshayeli, ogama lakhe likhohliwe

Izenzo zeHeroli zeMpi Enkulu Yezokuzwela zizohlala ezinhliziyweni zethu kuze kube phakade. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izenzo zobuqhawe ezahlala zikhunjulwa.

UPetr Eremeev wayebhekwa njengomshayeli onolwazi. Umyalo wakhe weBlack Banner wathola ukuze kubonakale ukuhlaselwa kwezimbalwa zaseJalimane ngobusuku obulodwa. Ngemva kokushaya phansi amaJunkers amaningana, uPetru walimala. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokubopha isilonda, emaminithini ambalwa waphinde wahamba kwenye indiza ukuze ahlasele isitha. Futhi ngemva kwenyanga, emva kwalobu busuku obukhumbulekayo, wenza i-feat.

Ngobusuku bukaJulayi 28 u-Eremeev watshelwa ukuba ajikeleze indawo yomoya phezu kukaNovo-Petrovsky. Kwakungaleso sikhathi lapho ebona khona isibhamu esitha esasiya eMoscow. UPetru waya emsila wakhe waqala ukudubula. Isitha sasiya ngakwesokudla, umshayeli weSoviet wasilahlekelwa. Kodwa elinye ibhomu liqaphele ukuthi wayeya eNtshonalanga. Lapho esondela kuye, u-Eremeev wamcindezela. Kodwa ukudubula akukaze kuvulwe, njengoba izinhlamvu ziphelile.

Sekuyisikhathi eside engacabangi, uPetru waziphonsa emsila wezindiza zaseJalimane enesikebhe. Umshayeli waphenduka waqala ukuwa. Kodwa-ke, i-Eremeev yabalekela, igxuma ngeparachute. Ngenxa yalokhu bafuna ukumnika i- Order kaLenin. Nokho, sasingenaso isikhathi sokwenza lokhu. Ngobusuku ka-Agasti 7, eduze neMoscow, lo mdlalo wabuyela uVictor Talalikhin. Yigama lakhe elilotshwe encwadini yomlando.

Kodwa amaqhawe we-Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphaza kwawo ngeke neze akhohlwe. Lokhu kwafakazelwa ngu-Alexey Tolsty. Wabhala inkulumo ethi "Taran", lapho echaza khona uPeter's feat.

Kuphela ngonyaka ka-2010 waqashelwa njengeqhawe

Esigabeni saseVolgograd kukhona isikhumbuzo lapho amagama e-Red Army ebulawa khona kulezi zingxenye abhaliwe. Zonke iziqhawe ze-Great Patriotic War, futhi ukuxhaphazwa kwabo kuzohlala kuze kube phakade emlandweni. Kuleso sikhumbuzo igama likaMaxim Passar. Isiqu esifanayo sabelwa kuye kuphela ngo-2010. Futhi kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wayifanele ngokugcwele.

Wazalelwa eKhabarovsk Territory. Umzingeli wefa waba enye yezinto ezinhle kunazo zonke phakathi kwabadlali bezinhlanzi. Ngazibonakalisa empini yeStalingrad. Ngo-1943 wabhubhisa cishe ama-Hitler angu-237. Umvuzo omkhulu wamiswa amaJalimane ngenhloko yeNanaian ehlose kahle. Wazingelwa yiziqhwaga zesitha.

U-feat yena owawenza ekuqaleni kwawo-1943. Ukuze sikhulule umuzi wasePaschanka esivela emasosha ezitha, kwakudingekile ukulahla izibhamu ezimbili zaseJalimane. Babenamandla kakhulu ezinhlangothini. Futhi kwakunguMaxim Passer owadingeka akwenze. Amamitha angu-100 kuya kwamaphoyinti okudubula aphezulu avuliwe umlilo futhi abhubhisa izibalo. Nokho, wayengenakuphila. Iqhawe lalimbozwe ngomlilo wezikhali zezitha.

Amaqhawe amancane

Zonke iziqhawe ezingenhla ze-Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphazwa kwazo zazikhohliwe. Noma kunjalo, zonke kufanele zikhunjulwe. Benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuletha eduze nosuku loPhiko. Kodwa-ke, hhayi kuphela abantu abadala abakwazi ukuzibonakalisa bona. Kuneziqhawe ezinjalo ezingaphenduki iminyaka engu-18 ubudala. Futhi ngokuphathelene nabo sizoqhubeka.

Izinkulungwane ezingamashumi ezinkulungwane zentsha zihlanganyele empini kanye nabantu abadala. Bona, kanye nabantu abadala, bafa, bathola izindondo nemiyalo. Ezinye zezithombe zathathwa ngenkulumo yeSoviet. Zonke iziqhawe ze-Great Patriotic War, futhi ukuxhaphazwa kwazo kwagcinwa ezindabeni eziningi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi intsha enhlanu eyithole isihloko esifanele.

Engafuni ukuzinikela, wazishaya isosha lesitha

UMarat Kazey wazalelwa ngo-1929. Kwenzeka emzaneni waseStankovo. Ngaphambi kwempi, amakilasi amane kuphela ayephothulile. Abazali babonwa ngokuthi "izitha zabantu". Nokho, naphezu kwalokhu, unina kaMarat ngo-1941 waqala ukufihla ama-guerrilla ekhaya. Ngalokho wabulawa amaJalimane. UMarat nodadewabo baya kuma-partisans.

U-Marat Kazey wayelokhu ehamba ekutholeni ukuhlonishwa, wabamba iqhaza emidlalweni eminingi, ama-echeloni angenakwenzeka. Bawuthola indondo ethi "For Courage" ngo-1943. Wakwazi ukuphakamisa amantombazane akhe ekuhlaselweni futhi aphule phakathi kwezitha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uMarat walimala.

Ukukhuluma ngokuxhaphazwa kwamaqhawe we-Great Patriotic War, kudingeke ukuthi sithi umfana oneminyaka engu-14 ubudala ufe ngo-1944. Kube khona ekusebenzeni umsebenzi olandelayo. Ebuya ekubuyiseleni, yena nomlawuli wakhe baxoshwa amaJalimane. Umlawuli wabulawa kanyekanye, uMarat waqala ukudubula. Wayengekho indawo eya kuyo. Futhi kwakungenakwenzeka ngaleyo ndlela, ngoba wayilimele engalweni. Kwaze kwaba yilapho izinhlamvu ziphelile, wabe esecindezela. Wabe esethatha amabhomu amabili. Wayephonsa eyodwa ngesikhathi, kanti enye yabambelela kwaze kwafika amaJalimane. UMarat wazilimaza, wabulala ngale ndlela abaphikisi abambalwa.

UMarat Kazey wabonwa njengeHero ngo-1965. Amaqhawe amancane we-Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphazwa kwawo, izindaba ezithandwa kakhulu kwinombolo enkulu, zizohlala zikhunjulwa isikhathi eside.

Izenzo zeHeroki zomfana oneminyaka engu-14 ubudala

Umsunguli weqembu u-Valya wazalwa edolobhaneni laseKhmelevka. Kwenzeka ngo-1930. Ngaphambi kokuqothulwa komuzi, amaJalimane aphothula izifundo ezinhlanu kuphela. Khona-ke waqala ukuqoqa izikhali nezinhlamvu. Wadlulisela kubo kuma-partisans.

Kusukela ngo-1942 waba isikhangiso sabaningi bamaqembu. Ekwindla, bathola umyalo wokubhubhisa ikhanda le-gendarmerie yasensimini. Umsebenzi wagcwaliswa. U-Valya kanye nabangane bakhe abaningana bashaya izimoto ezimbili zezitha, bebulala amasosha ayisikhombisa kanye nenhloko kaFranz Koenig. Kulimale abantu abangaba ngu-30.

Ngomnyaka we-1943, wazinikela ekutholeni indawo yekhebuli yefoni engaphansi komhlaba, eyabhubhisa ngempumelelo. U-Valya naye wabamba iqhaza ekubhujisweni kwama-echeloni amaningana nezinqolobane. Ngonyaka ofanayo, ngesikhathi esesemsebenzini, leli qhawe elincane liqaphele abajezi abaye banquma ukusekela nxazonke. Ukubhubhisa isikhulu sezitha, uValya wakhulisa i-alamu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-partisans alungiselelwe empini.

Wafa ngo-1944 ngemva kokulwa komuzi wase-Izyaslav. Kulo mpi, lo mfana osemusha wathola isilonda esibulalayo. Isihloko seqhawe samukelwa ngo-1958.

Kancane kancane kwakunganele kuze kube yiminyaka engu-17

Yiziphi ezinye iziqhawe ze-Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 okufanele zikhulunywe ngazo? Isikrini esikhathini esizayo uLenya Golikov wazalelwa ngo-1926. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi, esitholile isibhamu sakhe, waya kuma-partisans. Ngaphansi kwesimo somuntu ohluphekile, lo mfana wayehamba emzaneni eqoqa ulwazi mayelana nesitha. Wanikela konke ukwaziswa kubalingani.

Leli qembu lajoyina inhlangano ngo-1942. Kuye yonke indlela yakhe yokulwa yabamba iqhaza emisebenzini engu-27, yabhubhisa cishe amasosha angu-78 esitha, waphazamisa amabhuloho amaningana (isitimela nomgwaqo omkhulu), waphonsela izimoto ezingaba ngu-9 ngezikhali. KwakunguLenya Golikov owachitha imoto lapho uMajja General Richard Witz ayehamba khona. Zonke izinsizakalo zakhe zibhalwe ngokugcwele ku-sheet sheet.

Lawa angamaqhawe amancane we-Great Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphazwa kwabo. Izingane ngezinye izikhathi zenza izinto ezinjalo, lapho abantu abadala abazange babe nesibindi ngaso sonke isikhathi. ULenya Golikova wanquma ukunikeza umdanso "i-Golden Star" nesihloko seHero. Noma kunjalo, wayengeke abathole. Ngo-1943, inhlangano yamasosha, lapho uLenya ayilungu khona, yayizungezwe. Abantu abambalwa kuphela abashiye umbuthano. Futhi uLeni wayengekho phakathi kwabo. Wabulawa ngoJanuwari 24, 1943. Kusukela kumfana oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala akahlali.

Ubulawe ngephutha lomthengisi

AmaHighters we-Great Patriotic War ayengakhunjulwanga neze ngokwabo. Futhi ukuxhaphazwa kwabo, izithombe, izithombe zahlala enkumbulweni yabantu abaningi. USasha Chekalin ungomunye walabo. Wazalelwa ngo-1925. Ujoyine inhlangano yeqembu elihlangene ngo-1941. Wasebenza kuwo ngokungapheli inyanga.

Ngo-1941, leli qembu elihlangene lalinomonakalo omkhulu ebusweni bezitha. Izitolo eziningi zazivutha, izimoto zazilokhu zichithekile, izitimela zaziyizintambo, ihora nezitha zokushayela zanyamalala njalo. Kulokho konke, u-Sasha Chekalin ulwa neqhawe.

Ngo-November 1941 ubanda kakhulu. I-commissar yanquma ukumshiya emzaneni oseduze nomuntu othembekile. Kodwa-ke, kwakukhona umthengisi emzaneni. Nguye owakhipha isosha elincane. U-Sasha uthathwe yi-partyisans ebusuku. Futhi ekugcineni, ukuhlushwa okuqhubekayo sekuphelile. USasha wanikezwa. Kwaphela izinsuku ezingu-20 wayenqatshelwe ukususa emgodini. Futhi ngemva nje kokukhululwa kweqembu lama-partisans uSasha wangcwatshwa ngezihlonipho zempi.

Isiqu esifanayo sikaHero sanyulwa ukuba simnike ngo-1942.

Udutshulwe ngemva kokuhlukunyezwa isikhathi eside

Bonke abantu abangenhla bangamaqhawe weMpi Enkulu yePatriotic. Futhi ukuxhaphazwa kwabo ngezingane yizindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sizokhuluma ngentombazane, eyayibonisa isibindi, hhayi esontweni yakhe kuphela, kodwa nakwamasosha amakhulu.

UZina Portnova wazalwa ngo-1926. Impi yamthola emzaneni waseZuya, lapho ehlala khona nezihlobo zakhe. Kusukela ngo-1942, wayezimisele ukubeka amapheshana aqondiswe abahlaseli.

Ngo-1943, wajoyina inhlangano yokubambisana, waba isikhangiso. Ngonyaka owodwa ngathola isabelo sami sokuqala. Kwakudingeka abone izizathu zokuhluleka kwemisebenzi yenhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi "Young Avengers". Kwakudingeka futhi aqale ukuxhumana nomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokubuyela enkundleni, uZina wathathwa namasosha aseJalimane.

Ngesikhathi sokuphenywa, le ntombazane yakwazi ukuthatha isibhamu esilala etafuleni, ukudubula umphenyi namanye amasosha amabili. Lapho bezama ukuphunyuka babanjwa. Wayehlale ehlushwa, ezama ukumphoqa ukuba aphendule imibuzo. Nokho, uZina wayethule. Abafakazi bokuzibonela bathi ngelinye ilanga, lapho ethathwe kwenye imibuzo, waphonsa phansi kwemoto. Nokho, imoto yema. Le ntombazane yaxoshwa ngaphansi kwamagundane futhi yathathwa ukuze ihlolwe. Kodwa wabe esathula futhi. Lawa ayeyiziqhawe zeMpi Enkulu yePatriotic.

Ngo-1945, le ntombazane ayizange ilinde. Ngo-1944 wadutshulwa. UZine ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-17 kuphela.

Isiphetho

Ama-heroic feats of soldiers ngesikhathi sokulwa ayalinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni ezingamashumi ezinkulungwane. Akekho owaziyo ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izenzo zesibindi nezesibindi ezenziwa ngenxa ye-Motherland. Kulesi sibuyekezo, amanye amaqhawe eHigh Patriotic War kanye nokuxhaphazwa kwawo ahlongozwa. Ngamafuphi, akunakwenzeka ukudlulisela wonke amandla omlingiswa ababenayo. Kodwa indaba ephelele yezenzo zabo zobuqhawe asinayo isikhathi esanele.