Area of ingcindezi ongaphakeme emkhathini - Iyini? Kanjani futhi kwakhiwa iphi ngumuntu ingcindezi endaweni ongaphakeme?

Air uquqaba njalo afundwa emkhathini. Amagama azo ngokulandelana endaweni kumephu lapho kwakhiwa bona. Air uquqaba kukhona yezwekazi (akhiwa phezu kwezwe) kanye zasolwandle (akhiwa phezu kwamanzi). Bafaka ingcindezi phezu umhlaba nazo zonke izidalwa zawo eziphilayo. Lo mphumela ngokwanele kunemiphumela ehlukile ezinganeni. Esifundeni ingcindezi encishisiwe emkhathini - isiphepho noma isiphepho. Nokho, lokhu kusebenza futhi nesilinganiso phezu ukuthi uzobe esikuyi kolwandle. Ezintabeni, ephansi kwengcindezi esifundeni libhekene esimweni esivamile. Lokhu kuvamile lapha.

umfutho womoya

Esifundeni ingcindezi encishisiwe emkhathini - ukulinganisa okuhlobene. Kufanele kubhekwe njengendlela ipharamitha, njengoba kulinganiswe ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Imizwa kubhekwa njengento evamile kuleli cala ukubaluleka 765 mm HG. Kukhula ukuphakama izilinganiso ekhiqizwa, esifundeni kwakhiwe umfutho womoya aphansi. Emngceleni yiqhwa ezintabeni, lesi sibalo kubhekwa evamile kunani 350 mm HG.

Ngenxa leli qiniso izindawo ongaphakeme umfutho womoya kubhekwa ngokuya inkomba kanye lomoya ozungezile mass. Ukuze uthole indawo ngayinye, lapho kwamiswa bona, ukuchaza izici ezithinta kwegazi. Ukunqunywa sezulu endaweni ethize njalo ezihlobene cwaninga zonke zemvelo ezenzeka esifundeni.

air kwegazi

Kumiswa ezifundeni encishisiwe umfutho womoya elihlobene ne inqubo ukusakazwa kwalo.

Kuyinto ngenxa enyakazayo ukutsheka eMhlabeni kanye heterogeneity ka ukufudumala iplanethi enkabazwe nezigxobo.
Esifundeni enciphile umfutho womoya elakhiwe ngenxa okushisa aphakeme enkabazwe. Yena ayakhukhumala lapho ukufuthelana antante. Futhi sicabanga yokuthi izigxobo umphumela kwenzeka okuphambene futhi kukhona yokucindezeleka okwandayo kwenzeka kunyatheliswa emoyeni uquqaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakhiwa uma ingcindezi aphansi endaweni eyodwa noma nezinye ifomu ngeke ngempela anda.

Ukunqunywa isishingishane

Esifundeni ingcindezi encishisiwe emkhathini - kwasuka isikhwishikhwishi esinamandla. It kubonakala ngesimo isiphepho noma ngisho tornado. Maphakathi ingcindezi isishingishane kakhulu ngaphansana at emaphethelweni.

Lapho-ke kwamiswa Nenkabazwe, ukuhamba komoya Izinkumbi zizobe kwenziwe eliphikisana nokusakazwa ngokwewashi. In the side aseningizimu iplanethi - kunalokho. I wokugqwayiza amandla ihamba kulesi siphepho ngakwesokudla naseningizimu - kwesobunxele.

Esifundeni ingcindezi ongaphakeme asemkhathini, okuyinto elakhiwe isivunguvungu noma isivunguvungu, ekuqaleni engaphezulu phezu kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, into engokwemvelo okunjalo kuletha nalo liyana, isimo sezulu esinamafu. ipheshulwa njalo umoya okubangelwa umehluko ingcindezi phakathi nendawo futhi azungeze phakathi nesiphepho. Esifundeni encishisiwe umfutho womoya elakhiwe nemvula ehlobo kanye nokupholisa ebusika - thaws futhi snowfalls. Ngakho-ke, umoya esihambela emaphethelweni maqondana maphakathi kwesiphepho, endaweni yalo lapho liyophuma futhi selehlile.

Mshini kumiswa

isishingishane Okusheshayo ngokuthi "indandatho yizinyoka '. Ubukhulu bayo ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziningana. Esifundeni encishisiwe umfutho womoya elakhiwe ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elithokomele. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ukushayisana umoya zinomswakama efudumele ogeleza usuka yenkabazwe ukugodola ukugeleza eyomile izingongolo. Phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili ezimbili kukhona umngcele ngokuthi ngaphambili. emoyeni Cold odlulela ungqimba kancane efudumele. isisindo salo zibhekane. ezinyakazayo Ellipsoidal iqala. Ukuthola Umbono lomoya ozungezile izingqimba isishingishane uhamba ngesivinini 50 km / h. Izixhumi uzungeza ngokushesha kunokuba isikhungo. Kuye indawo nesenzakalo, kuyenzeka ngezinye izikhathi isiphepho enamandla kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lapho kubhujiswa ngezabelo zicatshangwe. Esifundeni ingcindezi encishisiwe emkhathini - lokhu tornado. Ngo isikhungo salo kukhona ukuntuleka komoya. emimoyeni ebandayo nazo. I izikhatha zomoya oshisayo ageleza upwardly dengwane, ayaphola bese uba e ifomu kwezulu. Isikhathi sokuphila isiphepho ihlukile futhi kuncike kwendawo eklanywe njengomumo womhlaba.

isivunguvungu tropical

Vortices Ezindaweni ezishisayo kakhulu ekhiqizwa ngaphezulu esipholile zindawo zasezindaweni. Emkhakheni 5-20 degrees eningizimu nasenyakatho-latitude ocean ngaphandle ezibonakala sengathi zemvelo. Lapho endaweni kumiswa ongaphakeme umfutho womoya, kukhona ukunyakaza emoyeni uquqaba. Nokho, lezi ziphepho, ngezinye izikhathi elikhulu kakhulu. It ifinyelela ayi-10-30 m / s. isikhungo yayo ubizwa ngokuthi "ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi." Lapha kukhona sezulu ezolile. I ebanzi kangaka, ezibhubhisa kakhulu isiphepho. Ngokuvamile "ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi" 30 km, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi afinyelela ku-70 km. Ukufudumala komhlaba kuholela ekwandeni amandla ezishisayo zasezindaweni zindawo. Yiqiniso, kukhona elincane amandla anjalo izenzakalo sezulu. Nokho, esingakubiza ngokuthi iziphepho ezinzima neziphepho ngokuvamile ukufinyelela amazwe aseYurophu, eMelika, lapho kwesokunxele ukubhujiswa omkhulu izisulu eziningi.

izinhlobo isishingishane

Esifundeni encishisiwe umfutho womoya kuyinto wamandla obuhlukahlukene. Hlukanisa 4 izinhlobo zasezindaweni:

• Perturbation libhekene emoyeni ukunyakaza ngesivinini 17 m / s.
• Ukucindezeleka - Isivinini ungaphakathi uhla 17-20 m / s.
• Ngibiza isishingishane isiphepho kabani isikhungo ihamba kuze kufinyelele 38 m / s.
• Uma ezinyakazayo kuyinto "ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi" mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 39 m / s, lokhu isiphepho.

Lena ngezigaba ezivamile. ngezinye izikhathi Nature Ufaka isintu "lezimanga" ngesimo amandla esingalindelekile uncharacteristic latitude iziphepho. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1999, eNtshonalanga Yurophu Inyakazisé isiphepho esinamandla "Elisabeth". Izangoma zezulu ukubikezela ke wahluleka, njengoba amandla akhe ezinkulukazi kwaholela off ukuziphilisa izinzwa. Ezinye zazo musa ngisho ziye zasebenza.

Kuba nabantu abangaphezu kuka-70 baye bafa ngenxa izakhi ayaluzayo.

igama vortices

Ukuze ugweme ukudideka ekuchazweni ababikezeli bezulu isikhwishikhwishi, endaweni ongaphakeme umfutho womoya waqala ukushaya ngamunye ngegama lalo. Zibonisa yonke nemingcele yayo, isikhundla nesivinini ukunyakaza. Kwavezwa ukushayela izinombolo zabo nezincwadi, amagama izinyoni nezilwane. ethandwa kakhulu wabizwa ngokuthi amagama zasezindaweni zabesifazane. Yingaleso elula futhi ephumelelayo. Nokho, ngasekupheleni kwawo-70 futhi amagama amadoda ziye isetshenziselwe izinjongo ezifana. uhlelo esinjalo siyosisiza sigweme amaphutha futhi ukudideka in exchange of ulwazi mayelana isiphepho eyayisondela.

Ngemva kokubukeza ulwazi olungenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi ephansi kwengcindezi endaweni - kwasuka isikhwishikhwishi esinamandla. He fikisa naye ezimanzi, isimo sezulu esinamafu. By amandla ngezesilisa ukuphazamiseka okuncane neziphepho esesabisayo. Abakwazi silethe ukuwohloka ezincane sezulu, nowencithakalo enkulu kakhulu. Ukuze siqonde izindlela nesenzakalo yabo, ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kungani njalo ngonyaka kuyanda iziphepho eqinile kanye neziphepho ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi avele a ezingalindelekile ngokuphelele ezindaweni zabo. Lona ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kubangelwa izinto ezenziwa abantu emhlabeni.