Belka futhi Strelka - inja yokuqala emkhathini, lapho wabuyela Earth uyaphila

Belka futhi Strelka - inja kuqala isikhala. Lesi sitatimende isibe Axiom, kodwa eqinisweni kukhona amanga zomlando. Inja bokuqala abake lagibela orbit kwaba Laika. Kodwa eshona ngenxa nokushisa ngqo mkhathi. Eyokuqala inja emkhathini, Belka futhi Strelka, hhayi kuphela indiza lihlehliselwe kahle, kodwa wabuya Umhlaba uyaphila.

Ekuqaleni - izimpukane

Kodwa nokho, ukuba ngempela olunembile, owokuqala ngubani bafika isikhala, abangu ... fly Drosophila. Umkhankaso ku-orbit emuva ngo-1935. Kodwa lezi zidalwa Bezingekho ukusiza ososayensi. Kwakudingekile ukuthumela ku-orbit isidalwa esinegazi elifudumele, ukuze ubone ukuthi umzimba uyobe baziphathe ngaphansi kwezimo isisindo futhi overloads abalulekile.

izidingo esiqinile

Belka futhi Strelka - inja yokuqala emkhathini, isithombe okuyinto uhambo emhlabeni wonke amaphephandaba emhlabeni nomagazini. Kodwa izinja osomkhathi ibutho wayemkhulu kakhulu, futhi ngaphambi kokuba uqalise kubo ku-orbit, basuke ezikhethwe ngokucophelela.

Izidingo babe eqinile nakho ngeke kusize: esisindo sesilwane kwadingeka ukuba hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-7 kg, nokukhula kumele singeqi 35 amasentimitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka bathole uhlamvu ezolile futhi olinganiselayo, ukukhuthazela okusezingeni eliphezulu nokukhathazeka aphansi kakhulu.

Lozalo izinja ku indima yokuba osomkhathi ezazingezinhle - hhayi kuphela ukuthi abaningi babo baye uhlamvu effeminate, ngoba yayiphawuleka ngokuthambekela fastidious ezinkulu. Ngemva kokucwaninga, ososayensi baye enzé lesi sinqumo - esikhaleni udinga ukuthumela mongrel izinja ehlangeni, okuyinto equkethwe kuyo. Bahlangana bonke izidingo.

Ngakho Belka futhi Strelka, inja yokuqala emkhathini, Nokho, futhi kwadingeka lozalo omuhle, kodwa wehlela emlandweni isikhala emhlabeni.

ukubukeka Elihle osomkhathi

Sicabangela ngaphambi kokuqala eqinisweni balandela. Ngemva osomkhathi zemilenze emine ngabe Kuningi pose phambi bezithombe kanye bezithombe ngosuku olwandulela indiza, futhi ikakhulukazi emva kwalo. ukubukeka Ngakho okuhle futhi wadlala kokukhetha candidates for indima enkulu.

Friendly, ehlakaniphile futhi enobungane - ngakho kufanele inja kuqala isikhala Belka futhi Strelka babefuna. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kusuka emlandweni - esikhundleni imicibisholo lindiza ngempela uzilungiselele enye inja. Kodwa wayengenayise ugobile elincane imilenze. Futhi esiteji lamaswaphela yayo sinqatshiwe nje ngenxa leli phutha kancane.

Isiphetho edabukisayo Laika

Nakuba abaningi bethu baye zibekwe ukwazi ukuthi Belka futhi Strelka - inja yokuqala emkhathini, kodwa babengesibo amaphayona. Inja sokuqala ngqa owandizela isikhala kwaba Laika. Yena, kanye umshini bavimba wenza 4 ematfuba emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa on the ijika yesihlanu sesilwane kabaze baba lakho ukuma the overload futhi wafa okweqile. Leli qiniso iqinile amadivayisi adlulisa ulwazi kanye nokufa "umshayeli" Mission Control Centre. I-satellite akusho zehlela phansi. Wathatha kwenye linemibhikisho esemkhathini 2370, bese, ngemuva kwezinyanga 5, kwashiswa emkhathini.

Babuyela uyaphila

Ngaphambi ukundiza Belka futhi Strelka emkhathini landizela izinja 18. Bonke bafa - omunye ekucindezelekeni, ubani kusuka okweqile, omunye overloads eziqine. Inja kuqala isikhala, Belka futhi Strelka ezingamaduna, zohlobo Kudume elinesimo izwi kahle okuhloswe "dvorterer" emuva Earth uyaphila. Yingakho bangena umlando njengoba wabahloli lokuqala yonke.

Zaba zithandwa kakhulu kangangokuba bacelwa ukuba izenzakalo ezahlukene, futhi izinkulungwane zabantu Siphuphé ukuthathwa isithombe nale nganekwane eziphilayo. Nokho, zonke waxwayisa ngokuthi izinja bengase bakulume, uma ukubonisa isithakazelo ngokweqile. Phela, babekwazi umsebenzi omkhulu nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ukumelela ngokwabo.

izinhlamvu ezahlukene

Ngisho ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, lapho inja ehlezi Centrifuges, ihlolwe kwi shaker, futhi imizi evaliwe, le abacwaningi baye baqaphela ukuthi uhlamvu "abahlanganyeli" duo ezahlukene.

Umcibisholo kwaba bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi baqaphe futhi amaprotheni, konke kwabonakala ngingakhululeki. Bathe bengena kulo weightlessness, umcibisholo sonke isikhathi kokuqalaza sengathi nakuba ngingazazi izinto okwakwenzeka kuye.

Amaphrotheni baziphatha njengokungathi ngokwemvelo futhi yabonisa ilukuluku. Yena baphotha emhlabeni futhi kubhavumula merrily. Phela, ekuqaleni izinja ezimbili kubhavumula igxumagxuma. Ososayensi wathatha lokhu isignali njengophawu oluhle. Ngemva Laika ngesikhathi kwethulwa mkhathi bavimba howled sengathi ilindele ngukufa kwakhe.

Life emva indiza

Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange Amaphrotheni futhi Umcibisholo babe isisindo izinsuku ezimbalwa - amahora 15 amaminithi 44. Kwathi 19 Agasti, 1960. Befika amakhilomitha 10 kusukela iphuzu lohleliwe, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - abaziphila! By the way, ukundiza emkhathini Belka futhi Strelka awuwedwa. Bekanye nabo bangena emzileni endaweni abahlala: a amagundane ambalwa, izinambuzane, kanye ezinye izitshalo, isikhunta futhi imbewu.

Ososayensi behlola ngokucophelela izilwane hhayi kuphela ngaphambi indiza, kodwa futhi ngemva kwalo. Ingabe weightlessness nomthelela ngayo imizimba yabo, azikho ukwehluleka kwezinye izitho. Abanesifiso sokwazi futhi la izinja ukunikeza indlela lokuzalwa? Futhi Umcibisholo akazange ukudanisa. Kabili yena abelethe, futhi puppy ngayinye sasingaphansi singekho. Abantu abaningi ku wonke othanda izinja endlini, obazali bakhe babe emkhathini. Kuyaziwa ukuthi CPSU, uNikita Khrushchev mathupha ethulwa omunye Zhaklin Kennedi nomdlwana uNobhala Jikelele.

Kusukela ukuma-ins - iqhawe

Eqinisweni, owokuqala emkhathini umkhumbi-satellite "Vostok" Kwakuhlelwe ukuthumela seagull kanye Chanterelle. Alas, i-rocket nalezi osomkhathi zemilenze emine yamila emoyeni ngaphandle eza ku-orbit.

Ngakho-ke, ukwethulwa emkhathini we Belka futhi Strelka kwakusekelwe ezizathwini ngononina. Kwaba ngemva cababa lokhu elingokomlando, lapho izinja ziphila wabuyela Earth, esakazwa kabanzi. Futhi umhlaba wonke manje uyazi ukuthi Belka futhi Strelka - kwezidalwa lokuqala abahlakaniphileko usuhambe emkhathini futhi wabuya uyaphila.