ULyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva - umka-Alexander Blok. Biography, izinkumbulo

U-Lyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleyeva wehla emlandweni hhayi nje kuphela njengendodakazi yomsakthemikhali ovelele, kodwa futhi njengomfazi wendlovukazi enkulu kakhulu yaseRashiya. Ukuphila kwakhe kwakugcwele amaqiniso ahlukahlukene, futhi ngaphezu komyeni wakhe ovumelekile - u-Alexander Blok, wayengenakwa ukunakwa nezinye, amadoda angaziwa kakhulu.

Ngokudabukisayo, indodakazi kaDmitri Mendeleyev yayibukeka ngokuphelele. Ebhekene nesithombe esasindile kanye nokukhunjulwa kwabafakazi bokuzibonela, lo wesifazane wayenesihluku futhi wayenomzimba olinganiselwe. Isiqhwaga nentombi evelele ye-Bloc - u-Anna Akhmatova, ukhulume kabi ngesithandwa somlobi, wathinta ukuthi wayeyisiphukuphuku. Kunoma yikuphi, uLyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva, okhumbulayo amanga kakhulu, ubhekwa njengomthombo oyinhloko weBlok omkhulu, ngakho-ke umuntu wakhe kufanele siwaqaphele.

Umlando wobuntwana

ULyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva wazalelwa futhi wakhulela emndenini omkhulu. Ubaba wakhe, uDmitry Mendeleyev, unezingane eziyisithupha. Kusukela emshadweni wakhe wokuqala wayesevele enendodakazi, u-Olga nendodana kaVladimir. U-Lyuba wazalwa emshadweni wesibili wesosayensi - no-Anna Popova. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mndeni wayenodadewabo uMariya nabafowabo ababili - u-Ivan noVasily. Abaningi abaye bafunda i-biography yososayensi bayazi ukuthi ikusasa likaBaba othandekayo, njengalokhu labantu abaningi abahlakaniphile, kwakungelula. Kwakunzima kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuba ephoqelelwe umhlalaphansi, uMendeleyev kanye nomndeni wakhe bachitha isikhathi esiningi endaweni, e-Boblovo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emndenini wezingane ezinomsoco ezingakaze zonakaliswe ikakhulukazi, umfazi ozayo u-Alexander Blok wakhumbula ukuthi ingane yakhe yayijabule kakhulu, isiphepho futhi igcwele injabulo.

Imihlangano yezingane zabashade besikhathi esizayo

Imindeni yaseBlok neMendeleeva yayisondelene kakhulu futhi ihlale ihlala ubuhlobo obufudumele. Lesi sizathu esenza ukuthi u-Alexander Blok noLyubov Mendeleeva, abathandana nabo ngendaba yothando, babe nethuba lokuhlangana okokuqala ebuntwaneni babo. Lapho abazali babo basebenza ndawonye enyuvesi, uSasha omncane noLyuba babevame ukuthathwa ekuhambeni okuhlangene ensimini yaseyunivesithi. Kodwa-ke babeyizingane nje, futhi imizwa ejulile phakathi kwabo yavela eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngo-1898.

Ukukhula okusheshayo kwenkondlo yaseRussia

Esikhathini esizayo, uLyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleyeva uzoba yedwa eyimfihlo yokugcina yeBlok. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba imizwa yothando ngalolu wesifazane ikhule kuye, wabonakala ebuhlotsheni obunzima futhi obungaqondakali noKsenia Sadovskaya othile. Lo wesifazane oneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa wayeshadile futhi ngesikhathi esazi naye u-Alexander kakade wayenabantwana abathathu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uBlok wayeneminyaka engu-16 kuphela lapho ethandana noSadovskaya. Umhlangano walezi zimbonakaliso obonakala zingenakulungele ngokuphelele ngokuphathelene nobuhlobo bomdabu wabantu kwenzeka kwenye yezindawo zokungcebeleka zaseJalimane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Bad Nauheim. U-Blok wathandana nalo wesifazane, wakhanyisa izinkondlo zakhe kanye nemihlangano eyimfihlo eyakhelwe. Ngemva kokubuyela eSt. Petersburg, ubudlelwane bavuka phakathi kwabo. Kodwa maduzane u-Alexander upholisa intombazane yakhe futhi unezintandokazi ezintsha - uLyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva.

Uthando lokuqala lomunye nomunye

Lapho umama kaLubin ecela uSasha oyishumi nesikhombisa ukuba abukele enye yezenzo ukuthi lelohlobo lalivame ukuqhutshelwa eBlolovo kubalimi bendawo. U-Lubov Dmitrievna Mendeleyeva, obhekene nesimo sakhe esibucayi esibuhlolile, empilweni yakhe sonke isikhathi wayephupha ekubeni ngumdlali wezithombe ezinhle, futhi-ke, waba nengxenye ekhuthele ekwenzeni lezi zenzo, edlala ezinye zazo ngisho nezindima eziyinhloko.

Ngalobo busuku, ababulalayo kubantu abasha, abahlangene esiteji seshashalazi elungiselelwe kwakunqotshwa kusukela eHamlet. Yiqiniso, uLyuba wadlala u-Ophelia, noBlock ngokwakhe wazinikela ngokuzithandela ukudlala i-Hamlet.

Le ntombazane yamthinta kakhulu, yayisanda, intsha, ithenda futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo iqinile futhi ingenakufinyeleleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nsizwa yenza umbono ohlukile. Wabiza ngokuthi yi-poseur ekhukhumezayo.

Ngemuva kokusebenza, uLyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva noBlok basenquma ukuhamba futhi basala bodwa. Kwakukhona phakathi nalokhu kuhambela okuhlanganyelwe ukuthi bahlanganiswa nokuzwelana. Kamuva, bobabili bakhumbula ukuthi lo mhlangano wawuyisiqalo seveli yabo.

Ukukhathazeka kwemfundiso, izimfundiso zikaSolovyov namaphupho athi "The Beautiful Lady"

Iqiniso elidumile ukuthi uBlok wayenamathele kakhulu ezimfundisweni zikaSoloviev futhi ngokuhambisana nemininingwane ehlukahlukene. Wayekholelwa ekukholweni kweNdodana Enhle engaqondakaliyo, okuyiyona ndlela yokubonakalisa ububele nobuntombi. Futhi incazelo yawo yonke impilo ukuwuthola futhi uthando ngothando olukhethekile yonke impilo yakho. Yilo wesifazane omuhle ozoba yingxenye eyinhloko yezinkondlo ezidumile zeBlok lyric, kanye nokufanekisa okubonakalayo kwesithombe maduzane uzothola kumngane wakhe omdala uLuba.

Imihlangano engamanga eSt. Petersburg

Ngemuva kwalo mhlangano eBoblovo ebuhlotsheni obuphakathi kukaSasha nanoma yikuphi ukufika ukupholisa. Wabuyela ePetersburg futhi kancane kancane waqala ukuzicabangela ukuthi umngane wabo wayephelile. UMendeleev, naye, wabhalisa eSt. Petersburg ku-Courher Women's Courses, wagxila ngokuphelele emkhathini womfundi. Kubonakala sengathi abantu abasha bebelokhu beyeka imicabango yabo ngomunye nomunye. Kodwa baqala ukunciphisa icala. Ngesinye isikhathi ePetersburg, uBlok wavele engozini wabona uLyuba, owayezofunda. Akazange abize le ntombazane, kodwa wamlandela ngokuyimfihlo, ngemuva kokubambelela ekwakhiweni kweNhlangano yamaBesifazane.

Kwadlula isikhathi esincane futhi imbongi yambona uLyuba futhi. Lesi sikhathi umhlangano ongahleliwe wabanjwa eMaly Theatre, ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe "King Lear". Yilapho leyo eyayiyinhloko yeBlok yavela futhi yaqinisa imfundiso yokuthi yonke le mihlangano ingaphandle kwengozi. Waqaphela ukuthi konke okukwenzeka phakathi kwakhe noNoma ubani kuyinkimbinkimbi yemibono. Imibono kaSolovyov idinga ukuba ithole "iWhite Lady" kuphela, futhi uBlok ithole ubuso bukaMendeleev.

Ukuvuswa kwemizwa yothando

Ngemva komhlangano emidlalo yaseshashalazini, abantu abasha baqala kabusha ukuxhumana kwabo futhi. Ku-Block, imizwa enamandla ivuselela kuLyuba, eqala umngcele ngolunye uhlobo lokuzikhukhumeza. Yena, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngandlela-thile, wenqaba ukuqonda imibono yakhe kanye nokucabangisisa ngezihloko ezingamanga. Ngokusekelwe kokucabangelwa kwemibono kanye nenkolo, bavame ukuphikisana futhi baphikisane. Ubuhlobo babo phakathi nalesi sikhathi buzinzile kakhulu: bathambekele ekuthambekeni komunye nomunye, bese bepholile ngokuphelele.

Ukuthuthukiswa okunengqondo kwalokhu kuvela ngoNovemba 1902, lapho u-Alexander enza umnikelo wakhe ozithandayo, futhi uLyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva wamamukela.

Ubuhlobo bomlobi nomama wakhe nokungathandi kwakhe ngeMendeleeva

U-Alexandra Andreevna Beketova, unina kaBlok, wayenenkinga enkulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esencane, u-Alexander Blok, owokuqala, wabhekana nodlingozi. Kwaphela ngomshado kanye nokuzalwa kwesibongo esizayo. Kodwa lo mshado awuphumelelanga kakhulu. Le nsizwa yayithanda ukuphuza futhi yavuma ukuphakamisela isandla sayo kumkakhe. Waphoqeleka ukuba amshiye futhi azinikezele konke ukuphila kwakhe okwalandela indodana yakhe. Wayemthanda uSasha futhi wamnika sonke isikhathi samahhala. Yiqiniso, lapho ememezela umshado wakhe wokuqala, u-Alexandra Andreevna wayenjalo, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, hhayi ngentshiseko. Wayenomona omkhulu kuBlok, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho yena wayengathandi uMendeleev kakhulu. U-Beketova wayebhekwa njengomkhwenyana wakhe ebanda kakhulu futhi enokuziqhenya. Ngisho nangemva kokushada komshado, umkhwezala wayengavamile ukuthatha umalokazana wakhe, futhi ubuhlobo babo abuzange bube khona. Ngokudabukisayo, abesifazane bangenza abangane eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokufa kuka-Alexander. Usizi lwalusondeza eduze kakhulu kangangokuba kuze kube sekufeni kwabo, u-Aleksandra Andreevna wayehlala noMuntu owake wazondwa.

Uthando lwezwe nomhlaba ekuqondeni iBlok

Ukunamathela kukaBlok ezimfundisweni zikaSolovyov ngezindlela eziningi kwakunzima ukuphila kwakhe komshado nomuntu, ngoba, ngokulandela ngokuqinile, u-Alexander wazibheka njengento enhle, ukubonakaliswa kwe-Eternal Feminine. Engqondweni yombongi, kwaba khona ukuhlukana okucacile phakathi kothando, ngokomzimba nangokomoya. Kumkakhe, wayenemizwa yesibili futhi wayelokhu evimbela ukusondelana ngokomzimba, ekholelwa ukuthi ekugcineni uzobhubhisa ubuhlobo babo. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwakuyinto eyenza uMendeleev ukuba afune injabulo nabanye esikhathini esizayo. I-bloc ngesikhathi esifanayo ayizange ilale ngemuva komlingani futhi yahlangana bobabili nabesifazane abavamile bokuziphatha okulula, futhi yaqala amanoveli amakhulu kakhulu. Uthando lwesithathu wokuqala kulomndeni lwakhiwa ngosizo lomngane osondelene noBlok, imbongi, owaziwa ngaphansi kwegama lika-Andrei Bely.

Ukuhlukunyezwa okungapheli kanye namanoveli ohlangothini

Okumhlophe ngesikhathi esithile sesikhathi kwakusondele kakhulu ku-Blok. U-Alexander nomkakhe babevame ukuhlala noBely, futhi ngomhlangano ngamunye wawela kakhulu uLyubov Dmitrievna. Waziphatha ngokungahambi kahle: ngakolunye uhlangothi, akahlosi ukushiya umyeni wakhe, kodwa wasekela inhlanhla yentshisekelo kuMhlophe. Wabhala izincwadi zakhe ngokuvuma okukhulu nezicelo zokushiya umyeni wakhe, wabakhombisa umyeni wakhe, futhi lo mndeni waba nesilingo esingunaphakade. Konke lokhu kwaqhubeka iminyaka emithathu, okwakuyi-Bely eyayiletha esimweni sokuxhomekeka kwempilo kuMendeleeva. Konke lokhu kwagcina sekuqeda amandla. Ngomunye wabahlangano wokugcina ohlangene kunqunywe ukuthi uBely nomndeni weBlok ngeke babonwe ngonyaka olandelayo. Wagcina izwi lakhe waya eMunich. Emva kwalokho wahlangana noMendeleev izikhathi eziningana futhi ekugcineni wagcoba kuye.

Kulolu hlangothi olungelona olujwayelekile oluhlangene, hhayi kuphela umka-Alexander Blok owonile. Umbongi ngokwakhe ngokwakhe wabonakala ekuxhumaneni okungapheli namantombazane asemandleni obuhle, kodwa futhi wayenamanoveli amakhulu. Isibonelo, kufanelekile ukukhumbula omunye wabalingisi (obani uBlok ahlale ezwa ubuthakathaka obukhethekile) ogama lakhe linguNatalika Volokhova. Wayemangalisa kakhulu ngaphandle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, kwakubonakala ku-Alexander ukuthi kwakungenxa yakhe ukuthi wayezizwa engathandana ngokomoya, engathandeki, nesifiso senyama. Ukukhathazeka kwalesi sintazana kwakunzima kangangokuthi baqala ukukhuluma ngesahlukaniso esiseduze sikaBlok noMendeleeva. Kodwa u-Lyuba akazange alahlekelwe, yena ngokwakhe waya kuVolkhova futhi wamema umdlali wezemidlalo ukuba angayithandi nje kuphela izindaba zakhe zothando nomyeni wakhe, kodwa zonke ezinye izindlu ezithintekayo ngaye. Emva kwalokho, uthando lomlingisi noBlok lwaphela masinyane, futhi ubungane bakhe nomkakho omthandayo, ngokumangalisayo, kwaphela cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mkhuba uholela kuMendeleyev, futhi futhi nomunye wabangane bakaBlok - uGeorge Chulkov. U-Blok akaqapheli ngalokhu, futhi ngokushesha i-chevalier Lyube iyakhathazeka.

ULyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva: izingane

UmkaBlok naye wayethanda kakhulu. Okhethiwe wakhe wayengumdlali omncane okuthiwa uKonstantin Davidovsky. Owesifazane wayenaye ohambweni lwezemidlalo oluzungeze iCaucasus futhi wabhala ngokuthembeka encwadini eya eBlok. Ngemuva kokuphela kohambo uLuba ubuyela ekhaya bese ekhala nomlingani wakhe bonke ubudlelwane. Kodwa kuvela ukuthi wayekhulelwe. Njengoba leli gama laliningi, ama-blocks anquma ukushiya lo mntwana futhi azenze sengathi uyabonakala. Ngeshwa, ngemuva kokubeletha ingane ihlala kuphela izinsuku ezingu-8 kuphela. Ngokudabukisayo, u-Alexander wasinda ekufeni kwengane kunzima kakhulu kunomama wakhe.

Ukuhamba kukaBlok empilweni

Ngemuva kokushona kwengane, ukuze alulame, lo mbhangqwana uhamba kakhulu, u-Lyuba uzama ukuzikhohlwa futhi abe umlutha kulo mdlalo. Uphinde unomcimbi nomdlali oneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye kunalena. Ucela uBlok ukuba ahlukanise, kodwa akavumeli ukuhamba. Umbongi ngokwakhe, kamuva, uthatha isithakazelo esikhulu kumculi we-opera - u-Delmas Love, kodwa uthando luhamba ngokushesha. Kubonakala sengathi lolu chungechunge lwezinguquko olufanayo luhlala phakade, kodwa iphuzu lafakwa ngokugula okungavamile kukaBlok, okwenziwa odokotela ngaleso sikhathi. Wahlushwa yi-fever ephezulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu obungenakuqondakala. Isimbongi sashona ngo-Agasti 7, 1921. Umama wasinda indodana yakhe iminyaka emibili nje kuphela, futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ngokumangalisa, wayesehlala efulethini elincane lokuhlangana nomalokazana wakhe owayekade ezondwa. U-Lyubov Dmitrievna Blok ngokwakhe, ngemuva kokufa komyeni wakhe, washicilela incwadi yezinkumbulo zakhe, wasebenza esikoleni sokufunda. Bathi emva kokufa kuka-Alexander, akazange aqale inkulumo eyodwa, ngaleyo ndlela egcina ethembeke ngemva kokufa kwakhe futhi egcina inkumbulo yakhe.