Biography of V M. Garshina - master of indaba ngokwengqondo

Creation Vsevoloda Mihaylovicha Garshina zenziwe ngendlela efanayo imisebenzi amakhosi esikhulu kunazo zonke-Russian temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kwengqondo - UTolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, laseChekhov. Maye, umbhali sasingabhekisiwe ngiphile impilo ende, biography V M. Garshina iphula ku sibalo 33. Umbhali wazalwa ngo-February 1855 futhi washona ngo-March 1888. Ukufa kwakhe esibulalayo nezinezinhlekelele, zonke sengqondo, obonakaliswe emfushane lihlaba izindaba. Babazi uzizwa lokubi esingenakugwenywa emhlabeni, umbhali uye wadala emangalisayo ukujula ngokwengqondo umdwebo imisebenzi ezisekhona inhliziyo yabo futhi ingqondo futhi wayengakwazi bazivikele nokungezwani ezinkulukazi ukuthi owandile kokuphila komphakathi sokuziphatha kwabantu. Ufuzo, uhlobo oluthize uhlamvu, enokuhlangenwe nakho ekukhalipheni ebuntwaneni idrama, ngomuzwa ojulile kuhlangulwe icala lomuntu futhi umthwalo ukungabi nabulungisa okwenziwa zinto zenzeka ngokoqobo, - iye wafingqa zonke ubuhlanya, iphuzu lapho, acele ku indiza ka izitebhisi, ubeka yena V M. Garshin.

Umlando Omfushane umbhali. nakho Wezingane

Wazalwa ngo-Ukraine, esifundazweni Ekaterinoslav, e ifa nge sweet ngokuthi Pleasant Valley. Uyise umbhali esizayo owayeyisiphathimandla, ilungu iMpi YaseCrimea. ukubukwa okuqhubekayo ezahlukene Mama, ekhuluma izilimi eziningana, ufunde okuningi futhi, yebo, wakwazi ukukholisa indodana yakhe kwemizwelo nihilistic eziyizici sixties kwekhulu le-19. Owesifazane waphula ngesibindi nomkhaya, inkanuko wathwalwa yizingelosi Zavadsky wamavukelambuso, owaphila ekhaya Samalungelo basize izingane amadala. Yiqiniso, umcimbi kuyinto "ummese" zahlaba inhliziyo kancane emihlanu Vsevolod. Ngokwengxenye ngenxa yalesi, akusiyo elingenalo belusizi imibala Biography of V M. Garshina. Umama ezingqubuzana uyise ilungelo ukukhulisa indodana yakhe, amyisa Petersburg ezinqunywe sokuzivocavoca. Eminyakeni eyishumi Garshin wangena Imayini Institute, kodwa akatholanga diploma ngoba imiphumela yocwaningo iphazanyiswe empini Russian-Turkish ngo-1877.

Okwenzeka impi

Student ngosuku lokuqala futhi ngasebenza kwabosizo enye yezimpi lokuqala kunodeshi kuhlasela ngesibindi, hhayi ezisindayo ukubanjwa ahlala. Garshin wathola isikhundla yesisebenti, kodwa empini is hhayi wabuya. Izwele insizwa washaqeka izithombe impi, akakwazanga ukwamukela iqiniso lokuthi abantu zifa bese waphakamisela ababhubhise nomunye. Akazange abuyele kanye nesibhedlela, lapho eqala ukufunda izimayini: insizwa enamandla bakhangwa izincwadi zakhe. Kwaphela isikhathi esithile waba khona izinkulumo sokuzithandela ubuhlakani philological Petersburg University, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala kubhala tindzaba. Anti-impi imizwelo abese badlula ukushaqeka kuholele umkhiqizo kweso wenza umbhali abasha ezidumile futhi iyathandeka izinhlelo eziningi isikhathi.

ukuzibulala

Mental umbhali ukugula ithuthukiswe parallel umsebenzi wakhe kanye nemisebenzi sezenhlalo. Unyango e esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Kodwa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho (V. M. Garshina biography ukhuluma lo mcimbi elikhanyayo) ukuphila kwakhe kwadluliselwa illumined uthando. Ukushada nesihlobo imfundamakhwela udokotela Hope Zolotilova umbhali uthathwa njengoba iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokuphila kwakhe. Ngu 1887 sifo umbhali zaba zimbi ngenxa yokuthi waphoqwa ukushiya isevisi. Ngo-March 1888 Garshin uya eCaucasus. Kakade izinto futhi isikhathi sabo esihleliwe babeminyene. Ngemva wokuhlupha ukuqwasha Vsevolod Mikhailovich ebusuku engazelele futhi waphuma ungene lokubikezela, phansi indiza eyodwa ngezansi, kusukela ukuphakama izindaba ezine yagijimela. izithombe Literary ukuzibulala, ukuthi kushiswe umphefumulo izindaba yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane, owawusekelwe sethusa futhi ungalungiseki. Umlobi uphuthunyiswe esibhedlela elimele kanzima, futhi washona emuva kwezinsuku eziyisithupha. Isaziso V M. Garshine, ngokufa kwakhe okubuhlungu futhi ukwenze nemibhikisho emikhulu yezehlalakuhle.

Ibhidi yokuvalelisa umbhali "catwalk Literatorskie" volkov emathuneni Petersburg (manje Museum-yamathuna) wabutha abantu bezizinda ezihlukene futhi izigaba zokuphila. Pleshcheev imbongi ubhale umlandvomufi lyrical lapho wazwakalisa ubuhlungu obuhlabayo ukuthi Garshina - indoda umphefumulo omkhulu ihlanzekile - ayisekho phakathi kwabaphilayo. I ifa etemibhalo nephrozi ukuhlala abafundi abakhathalelayo umphefumulo izenzo isihloko kolimi izifundo.

Ukudala V M. Garshina. isihloko Antimilitaristic

A isithakazelo esijulile emhlabeni kwangaphakathi yomuntu, sizungezwe ngokoqobo abangenasihe - a esiyinhloko emibhalweni Garshina. Lona charm ngobuqotho nangozwela ku temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba umbhali, yebo, sidla emthonjeni kwezincwadi omkhulu Russian, okuyinto njengoba isikhathi incwadi ethi "The Life of avvakum" ubonisa enesithakazelo esijulile le "dialectic komphefumulo."

Garshin Umxoxi okokuqala bavele ngaphambi ekufundeleni nomkhiqizo "Ezinsukwini ezine." Ngakho abaningi walala amadoda nge kwemilenze enkundleni yempi, waze wawuthola amasotja. Indaba utshelwa umuntu wokuqala, futhi uyakhumbula sikusiphi Komuntu, bekhathele beyingcuba ngenxa ubuhlungu, indlala nokwesaba nokuba nesizungu. Uzwa ukububula, kodwa uyaqaphela ngokwesaba okukhulu ukuthi nguye moans. Eduze isidumbu ukubola lesitha owabulawa nguKayin. Ukubheka lesi sithombe, umdlali oyiqhawe akafe ubuso, oqubuke esikhumbeni, wokwembula ngokumamatheka skull scary - ubuso impi! Ngokufanayo, umoya wokushisekela anti-impi ukuphefumula ezinye izindaba: "kukaCoward," "Batman iphoyisa," "Akukho izinkumbulo ezejwayelekile Ivanov sika."

Isifiso sokuba izinto ngokuvumelana

Nge ubuqotho konke okusemandleni livela ngaphambi umfundi Heroine kwendaba, "Lesi sigameko," ukuze baziphilise ngomzimba wakho. Ukulandisa wakhiwa ngendlela efanayo izono, introspection abangenasihe isici Garshin. Lo wesifazane, owahlangabeza 'support' umuntu wakhe kungengamabomu ebekade esemthatha wambeka phezu indlela lokuzikhethela phakathi "cocotte cheeky rouged" futhi "unkosikazi semthethweni unina enhle ...", ekuzameni ukushintsha ikusasa labo. Okunjalo ukuqonda isifebe indaba ephathwayo ezincwadini Russian kwekhulu le-19 lapho kutholakala, mhlawumbe okokuqala. Endzabeni "Abaculi" Garshin benomfutho omusha komculo umbono ka Gogol, ongcwele owayekholelwa ukuthi ukushaqeka okukhulu okungokomzwelo, wobuciko Ungashintsha ibenze abantu babe ngcono. Esikhathini indzaba lemfisha "Umhlangano" umbhali ebonisa ukukholelwa ukuthi baphikise ukuthi ukufeza inhlalakahle yabo bonke ezinhle, lapho uyibamba izingqondo ezibonakala okungcono Gen.

Injabulo - oqotsheni womhlatshelo

Indaba "imbali ebomvu" - isenzakalo esithile esikhethekile, okuyinto ephawuleka biography okudala V M. Garshina. Utshela indaba uhlanya, ngenxa yenkolelo yokuthi "olunegazi" engadini imbali esibhedlela ndawonye wonke amanga nonya zezwe futhi mission umdlali oyiqhawe ukulichitha. Isenzo, hero uyafa, futhi posvetlevshee sesishonile ubuso kuyinto "injabulo uyaziqhenya." Ngekusho kwembhali wencwadzi, indoda ayikwazanga ukunqoba okubi emhlabeni, kodwa iyilungelo elikhulu kubantu abangakwazi sibekezelele futhi bazimisele ukuyinqoba, ukudela ukuphila kwabo.

Zonke usebenza Vsevoloda Garshina - tindzaba tekuticambela tindzaba letimfisha - okuthayiphwe ngalolo wedwa, kodwa ukushaqeka ukuthi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yakhe akhiqizwa izinhliziyo zabafundi Cabangisisa, sikhulu esikhulu.