Brodskiy Isaak Izrailevich: Biography nesithombe imidwebo

Ubuciko Soviet we eko kwakubikwa orgy izitayela ezahlukene ozelwe yokusesha kwezobuciko ekuqaleni kwekhulu. Ukuze siqonde kokufaneleka yobuhle Amathrendi ezahlukene olungokomfanekiso amaBolshevik pragmatic babengenaso isikhathi, kwadingeka akhethe omunye endleleni, kungcono ukususa uquqaba, kude buciko impikiswano. Samuntu indlela wayeyingcweti abanamakhono of ngokoqobo - Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich waba "inkantolo" ngokuhlangenwe umculi, lapho uhulumeni wamaSoviet wayengadingi encane ukwedlula noma iliphi yokubusa kwamakhosi zokugcina.

Uhlelo Lokufaka Lwe-ekhungathekile

Uma abazali bakhe kwakunguMariya kancane ukubona ngokusebenzisa kwesihenqo esizayo, babengeke ukutshela Isaka kancane, ukuthi umsebenzi umdwebi - indlela alithembekile kakhulu aphile ntofontofo. Bathanda wezakhiwo esizayo amagama Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, omkhaya wakhe uye ubumnandi Esikhunjeni Esiphaphathekile ka Settlement kule sifundazwe Tauride, usephendukele, engacabangeki kwenye inkathi. Cabanga ngalokho indodana yabo abazophila indlu enkulu enkabeni yenhloko-dolobha isiRashiya, ifa iqoqo ocebile imisebenzi yobuciko bese uba umdwebi ababusi siqu zwe elikhulukazi, abathengisi kunalokho abampofu ezingamaJuda idolobha elincane eliseduze Berdyansk Sophievka bahluleka nje.

Wazalelwa 1883, inhloko ikusasa Academy of Arts ekuqaleni bafuna ube umculi. Kodwa wabe wayethanda Dweba isithombe ikhalenda isonto. Kwatholakala kubonakala, futhi wayefuna ukufunda ukudweba zabaculi abacula umculo ocishe yangempela. Eliseduze isikhungo esifanayo kwaba Odessa umdwebo esikoleni, futhi ngokushesha aba-Art School, e-Academy of Fine Arts. umfundi wakhe futhi waba ngo-1896 Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich akalilalelanga iseluleko kubazali ukufunda izakhiwo eziqine kakhudlwana futhi libhaliswe umnyango imidwebo.

Umfundi Repin

Ikhono Sicela abantu ezithinta ikusasa lakho, elisekelwa umsebenzi onzima futhi ithalente elingenakuphikwa iye yasiza Brodsky njalo ekuphileni. Iphinde wamvumela 1903 ukuba ube ngumfundi we Repin omkhulu, u-Isaka ihanjiswe Yiqiniso kuqala Academy Petersburg ngemva kokuphela okhazimulayo esikoleni Odessa. Repin Yiqiniso sasigcwele, kodwa Brodsky wakwazi ukuya ukuhlolwa yokungena zokuphetha onobuhle bukhoma, owayengifundela okuyinhloko. Waya endaweni lapho imodeli Kwabonakala engela nzima kakhulu, kodwa ekugcineni wakwazi ukubuyeka ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo lo msebenzi. Phakathi kwabantu abakuphila kwabo umsebenzi kuyancomeka ngu Iloy Efimovichem, wayebuye Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich iminyaka emihlanu bekugcwele abafundi ozithandayo the best umdwebi Russian.

Ngaphandle virtuoso amasu kanye ukubukeka abukhali, umculi abasha bamukela kusukela Repin salo sengqondo sokungafuni negative kuya "Antics" ezahlukene imidwebo, kunoma ukuphambuka kusuka reflection namaqiniso emvelo. Ngokungafani nezinye abafundi Repin, uwela ngaphansi kwethonya omkhulu we uthisha bese eqala zifa ukukopisha isitayela yenkosi yakhe, Brodsky athuthukile isitayela sakhe, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "Openwork" futhi naye baba yisibonelo. Repin bavikela umfundi wakhe, lapho Brodsky kwaba on the esengozini axoshwe Academy caricatures iziphathimandla ngesikhathi intshiseko jikelele abafundi kwezombusazwe.

Uhambo oluya eYurophu

Lapho beqeda ukuqeqeshwa at the Academy for the best abathweswe iziqu - indondo yegolide - inikezwe ilungelo ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo phesheya. Ephakeme umklomelo wokugcina nethuba ukukhokhela evakashele eYurophu futhi ithola Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich ufeze isikhathi sokutadisha obukhulu kuzo esikhathini esidlule futhi ufunde mayelana izitayela ezintsha in umdwebo. Uyazikhandla futhi isethiwe, abahola idumela amakhosi kusungulwa. Ukulandela imiphumela nohambo, ngemva ingxoxo yomsebenzi wakhe, Academy lakhetha ukulula isikhathi uhambo lwakhe ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Phakathi Craze yokusesha amafomu amasha futhi iziqondiso ku art akaphunyuki umthelela Umdwebo entsha yaseYurophu futhi Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, ogama biography iyindlela okuqina umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela, elisetshenziswa imidwebo yakhe Motifs of Art Nouveau kanye afanekiselayo. Kodwa, kulandela izimiso komfundisi wakhe, futhi sikhumbula amazwi "Antics" Repin sika, uthola nokuzondwa reception garde lokusungula. Ngemva kokuvakashela Picasso workshop, Braque, Matisse Brodsky wake kuba umsekeli bendabuko, imidwebo enengqondo.

Master salon imidwebo

Phakathi izazimlando zobuciko kufanele ngoba bekholelwa ukuthi uma, eRussia ekwindla ka-1917 akuzange kwenzeke ushintsho olukhulu esimisweni sezenhlalo nezombangazwe, Brodsky kwakuyodingeka ngokushesha safinyelela isimo zabantu izinkanyezi ezinjalo salon noma ngendlela yesimanje, "ubukhazikhazi" umdwebo njengoba Konstantin Makovsky futhi Henry Semiradsky. Wayesebenza kahle okuningi ukuba bakwenze: ". Uyanda umkhuba" amandla kanye nomsebenzi onzima, virtuosity kanye nekhono ukuze ikhange abantu abavelele emphakathini, ikhono ukukhuluma samanje,

Akwaziwa ukuthi ngobuqotho yemukele Ngokuwa autocracy lokunqoba okwalandela amandla Soviet umculi Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich Akungabazeki ukuthi kwakuyoba komdwebi yimpumelelo endaweni ethile e-Paris noma e-New York. Kodwa kuso usala, ngokungafani ongqondongqondo abaningi eRussia futhi kwenzekani ngayo, inhlokomo global, asikwazanga Nokho, njalo endaweni efanele, ngabantu, waba yinhloko yezizwe zwe elikhulukazi.

Izolo - Kerensky, manje - Lenin

ERussia, kuza isikhathi lapho i enkulu namathafa elinokuthula nelilondekile ekumeni ezicashile abesifazane baye baba ayibalulekile, futhi Brodsky waya endaweni lapho umlando senziwa ukuba liyobamba labo uholé indlela. Ngemva Februwari Revolution kwafika isikhathi lapho zidedelwa ekugqilazweni ohlanga umphakathi Russian okuqhubekayo wazala ezandleni undunankulu Yesikhashana Uhulumeni ka Kerensky, futhi umculi uveza isithombe sakhe. Kubonakala owabe engummeli iqhawe sangempela, ukwazi ukubuyisela izwe ukuze inkazimulo entsha. Nokho, umculi Uqede portrait emva ukufika nezinye izinhlamvu.

Brodsky ingenye lokuqala kudala isithombe olunothile Lenin nabangane bakhe, futhi umfanekiso KwamaBolshevik eside ube liyindaba esemqoka kuye. Wabe unesithakazelo global multi-sibalo izingoma: "Lenin nokubonakaliswa" futhi ikakhulukazi - "Ukuvula we II iCongress of the Comintern." Kulesi ngendwangu ezinkulukazi libonisa emakhulwini amaningana abantu bangempela nabo portrait imidwebo zenziwe. Brodsky yabonisa amakhono zakhe ezivelele yenhlangano, bavumelane kwenkathi zabuzwa okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo.

Umculi, uthisha, ngalendoda

Izimo ezinkulu ezintathu kunqunywa ukuphila, okuyinto kusukela ekuqaleni 20s ayephila Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, umdwebi №1 emagunyeni olusemthethweni, wasebenza ukwakha iconography ephelele wabaholi baseSoviet, nge ukufanisana esingapheliyo yayo ikakhulu - Lenin futhi uStalin. Ukukhonza njengombonisi uMphathi oda isimo, wamonyuka yonke impi izisebenzi, ngokuvamile, njengase inhloko medieval esitolo abadwebi kuphela kuletha e izithombe ukulungisa okuncane futhi kubeka nesignesha kasomabhizinisi.

Eyesibili into ebaluleke kakhulu kwakuyisimo ukuvuseleleka esimisweni academic yobuciko imfundo. Lapho eba umqondisi Russian Academy of Arts, kwaba yincithakalo ngakwesokunxele ngemva imisebenzi zobuqaba zalabo ngokungacabangi inqatshelwe igalelo esidlule futhi wabhubhisa umoya, futhi isisekelo impahla kopivshiysya emashumini. sokunconywa Brodsky e ukuvuselelwa lelithempeli yobuciko kunzima ukunqabela.

Uphiko yesithathu yokuphila kwakhe - lokuqoqa - kwaba abanothando ngempela. Phakathi Ongoti Umdwebo Russian ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho uchwepheshe ungcono Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, isithombe elikhulu endlini Interiors okubonisa izindonga hung nge imidwebo kusukela kuphansi kusiya ophahleni, wenza iqoqo, yesibili emqulwini nokubaluleka emva Russian Museum. Izimo lapho ingenza, oyimfihlakalo, kodwa iqiniso ngentando kahulumeni wayo ozimele Brodsky elibizwa kwavusa ngenxa party futhi ama-KGB ingcindezi.

Ngamunye has ngendlela yalo

Kuthiwa, uma Brodsky wangimemela idina okubizayo Pavel Filonov, zibancishe umsebenzi, waphakamisela bashushiswa ukugxekwa negunya, abampofu futhi elambile, yena akazange olokotha aye - wesaba konakalisa biography. Waba isithiyo idumela "umnumzana elibomvu", owayehlala maqondana iziphathimandla isimiso "Yini ongathanda?", Yikuphi kwadingeka phakathi Brodsky abaculi.

Sebenzisa eyodwa, emnyama noma emhlophe, upende ukuchaza indlela yokuphila yimuphi umuntu - lisho ukwenza kube flat futhi isobala. Isaak Brodsky kwakungafanele athole lokhu, ngenxa ngamakhono abo sobala, ukuzikhandla kanye namandla.