Capitol (Washington). Capitol wokwakha e-Washington, DC

Ukukhangwa ekhethekile yenhloko-dolobha yase-US, okuyinto kufanele uyaziqhenya Washington - Capitol. Izithombe kwalesi sakhiwo omangalisayo eyenziwe ngemabula kumelwe ukuba wabona ngamunye. It ikhona phezu Capitol Hill, lalizungezwe ezinye izikhungo ebaluleke - yokuhlala iNkantolo Ephakeme futhi Library of Congress. Futhi eseduze kukhona ezikhumbuzo ukuze-Abraham Lincoln futhi uGeorge Washington.

Igama elithi "Capitol" sizihlanganisa egqumeni efanayo eRoma. Endulo Kwakuhlezi Umkhandlu Wezigele kanye imihlangano yeningi engu ezibalulekile. Bavelaphi igama ye-Nguqulo Yezwe, amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziningana kude eRoma? Hill e-US ubhekwa isikhungo - kunalokho ngemibono kuka womhlaba - District of Columbia. Lesi sakhiwo ine umlando ezithakazelisayo, okuyinto uzofunda ngokufunda kulesi sihloko.

ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo

Umqondo ukwakha indlu yemihlangano weCongress kungokwalabo uGeorge Washington. Wabeka itshe wokuqala kule isisekelo sesakhiwo. Kwathi ngo-September 18, 1793. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ubani owayebaluleke umklami izakhiwo njengoba abakhi eyinhloko ezishitsha njalo, futhi ngamunye okwalandela kuletha okuthile okuhlukile. Kodwa izici eziyinhloko zakhiwa e isitayela Empire. Lesi sakhiwo ingakamiswa kuphelile, lapho izindonga zalo ngo-1800 wahlangana Congress.

Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka elaliphethe ikoloni - United Kingdom - ayikwazanga bakwemukele kutimela States. Ngo 1814, amabutho British washisa Capitol (Washington). Ukuze ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo kwathatha iminyaka emihlanu. Kodwa lo msebenzi wokwakha owenziwa alikapheli. Kusukela 1820 kuya 1827, elamiswa ushintsho phakathi emaphikweni yasenyakatho naseningizimu isakhiwo, ngenhla eyakha Dome omkhulukazi. Ngisho amathathu eminyaka kamuva, Congress bavumelana ukuthi United States Capitol kuyinto capacious ngokwanele.

kabusha sokuphana ngento enkulu

Oh, ngokushesha akuthola kudingekile ukuhlala ukwandisa isakhiwo yemihlangano we Congress, kwanqunywa ukuba uhlaziye nomklamo walo. Le phrojekthi akukatjhuguluki: amakholomu classical futhi zikanokusho Decor Empire. Nokho, kwenezelwa izici esiyingqayizivele. Ngakho, i- dolobha ye amakholomu abangu ehlotshiswe akukho amaqabunga omqhele iMedithera, nezimila "lendawo" - sezikhwebu namaqabunga ugwayi. Dome Old salandelwa entsha, yensimbi inkatho, in the amamitha eliphezulu ayisishiyagalombili nesikhombisa. izindonga Ukwakhiwa zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze bakwazi ukumelana isisindo amathani anamane amawaka.

Ngo-1863, lesi sakhiwo ungeze touch yokuqedela. I Dome nawo lo-imitha eziyisithupha esifanekisweni of Liberty ubuqambi T. Crawford. Ngakho-US Capitol, izithombe ozibonayo, eseke a look zanamuhla. I sibonelo kwalesi sakhiwo ubhekwa LamaRoma Cathedral of St Peter, nakuba ezinye izazi ukubona kuwo afana waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha Les Invalides (wezakhiwo Mansart, Jr.).

ingaphakathi

Kulo lonke ikhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili, wazithwala kuphela amancane ukucasha ku ipulani lokwakha sesimanje isakhiwo. Capitol (Washington) kwadingeka central Ukushisa kanye ikheshi imiphini zakhiwa. Kodwa ngo-Maphakathi nekhulu le-, futhi isakhiwo kwakubonakala ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1960, enwetshiwe olungaphambili lwesonto esempumalanga amamitha ayishumi. Ngakho, ngenxa emifanekisweni eminingi isinyathelo we Capitol kwakukhona lesi zemabula wonder emhlophe - isakhiwo Congress.

Ngaphakathi nje enhle njengoba ngaphandle. Ngo-1865, umdwebi Constantino Brumidi ehlotshisiwe Dome wokuqala US Umfanekiso. Lowo mdwebo uGeorge Washington sizungezwe onkulunkulu Olympian. Constantino Brumidi ngesineke hhayi kuphela Dome, kodwa Ehholo Columns. Eqoshiwe futhi friezes ukumela engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili umlando unyaka isimo.

Capitol - Washington: uxhumano lomqondo

Abadwebi bamapulani benze kanzima ukuqinisekisa isakhiwo US Congress kahle angena Indwangu ezisemadolobheni. Dome futhi Rotunda liyabonakala kakhulu we Capitol kungabonwa yonke indawo. Shono: phela ukwakha amamitha ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalombili omkhulu Uthwesé phezulu eziphawuleka kakhulu endaweni yegquma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyo yonke imigwaqo esemqoka okuholela Washington Capitol, ukuphakamisa isimo esingokomfanekiso kule ndawo.

Hhayi ukuvala wokwakha omangalisayo, ababemzungezile akukho ukwanda kwezindawo zasemadolobheni. Lizungezwe ipaki esikhulu nge utshani, endaweni ingqikithi 55 amahektha. National Mall amakhilomitha futhi 800 metres ubude uxhuma ukwakha Congress izikhumbuzo ezimbili: i-Lincoln naseWashington. Ayikho zincane ngoba amaMelika nezakhiwo eseduze, ehlanganisa iqoqo izikhungo zikahulumeni: iNkantolo Ephakeme futhi Library of Congress. Ngaphambili, ababekuso ekamelweni Capitol. Imihlangano weNkantolo kuphela ngo-1935 zihanjiswe isakhiwo esisha.

Uhambo e isakhiwo Capitol e-Washington, DC

Minyaka yonke, isakhiwo edume kunazo United States evakashela ezine kanye izivakashi sesigidi. Okwamanje, indlu ngemabula Capitol amakamelo mayelana 540. Nokho, izivakashi avunyelwe ezimbili kuphela. Ngenani kungaba yingxenye ukuvakasha. Noma kunjalo, ngaso Capitol nakanjani free. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela ukukhombisa passport ehhovisi ibhokisi bese uthatha ithikithi ngenombolo.

Iqembu ngokushesha eyenziwa kwakugqamuka, ngoba ephansi ezimbili matasa elula namahhovisi. Ngenhla the House of Abamele (iphiko eningizimu) kanye isiGele (enyakatho). Ngenhla amakamero la makhulu ngokuphindwe Loggia ekhethekile emphakathini, ngoba zonke izinsuku zomhlangano Uhulumeni azifihlakele abantu. Transparantnost (obala) - kuyinto umthetho wokuqala wokubusa ngentando yeningi labantu. Elevator kuzothatha izivakashi phansi phezulu, labagibeli observation, alinikela panorama emangalisa komuzi. Ngeshwa, Statue of Liberty kungabonwa kuphela kusuka phansi, ngokusebenzisa izibonakude. Kuyathakazelisa ngoba ingubo umphetho - uhlobo akhuleka lalolo hlanga lweNyakatho Melika.

ukusebenza

Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi Capitol (Washington) - akuyona kuphela wobuciko yezakhiwo. Ngaphezu ukubaluleka yobuhle, lesi sakhiwo kunencazelo ejulile ngemibono. It uyaqhubeka ukusebenza. Kukhona emihlanganweni amagatsha amabili eyinhloko uhulumeni wase-US - Umkhandlu Wezigele kanye the House of Abamele. Iqiniso lokuthi izikhulu zikahulumeni bahlangana ngaphansi Dome of the Congress zingatholakala ku amafulegi emhlabeni isakhiwo. Uma bayavuswa, Ngakho-ke, ngo-session. ezimbili kuphela banner American kwesango kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ishintsha njalo ku flagpoles. Futhi kuyoba, njengoba kukhona izwe elikhulu yeningi - United States of America.