Colombo amazambane izinhlobo: incazelo, izici, izibuyekezo, izithombe

Ibanga amazambane - Colombo kuyinto ezihlukahlukene zokuqala, ezifuywa eFinland futhi ezimisiwe eRussia, sibonga ukunambitheka ehloniphekile futhi amelana ezifweni eziningi. Ngenxa izilinganiso okusezingeni eliphezulu lokhu ezihlukahlukene isibe omunye ethandwa kakhulu kubalimi Russian. It kuyafaneleka ukucabangela e incazelo umniningwane ezihlukahlukene amazambane Colombo ngezithombe nokubuyekeza ngakho.

kusuka emlandweni

Kukholakala ukuthi amazambane kwaba eRussia sibonga uPetru mina ekhulwini XVII. Ukuze silwe nendlala kanye nabalimi abancane, uPetru I yayala ukusakaza phakathi kwabantwana nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngeshwa, lokhu abalimi yemifino ezingavamile akazange ukusakaza. Yodwa Akhe abezinye izizwe itshalwe abaye baphila eRussia.

UCatherine II nawo wazama popularize isiko amazambane phakathi kwabantu ongumlimi. Abalimi batshala ke, badla eziqongweni nokuyizigaxa oluhlaza, utshani, futhi babengafuni ukutshala amazambane. Kamuva, abalimi waqala ukuthengisa amazambane, babengafuni akudle, funa ubuthi. Yebo, futhi ushintshe umsebenzi ukukhanya yokulima nokuvuna rye ku isivuno esindayo amazambane abalimi engafuni.

esikhundleni sakhe sokuba ekupheleni XIX leminyaka yemifino amazambane ekugcineni ufika amatafula abalimi Russian 'kuphela. Ngo XX leminyaka, kwaduma amatafula yizicukuthwane abancane kanye nabalimi abancane.

amasu wetekulima wesimanje

Modern eliphezulu amazambane, kuhlanganise Colombo, kudinga Ukwakheka ezithile inhlabathi. Amazambane uthanda inhlabathi ukukhanya abamnyama. humus noma ukukhanya kakhulu nenhlabathi eningi kakhulu akathandi.

Ukwakheka azibukhali inhlabathi isifo amazambane kanye inkathazo ukungazinzi.

Ukuze silondoloze indawo enothe kwenhlabathi, kubalulekile njalo ekwindla ukwenza nobulongwe. Mullein ixubene abamnyama umhlaba nothuli zisakazwe emhlabathini. Per imitha square kwanele 1 kg umquba. Idlule leli nani ngeke kukusize ngalutho-ke, ngoba nobulongwe - Umanyolo nitrogen.

Uma eziningi nitrogen, amazambane ikhula eqinile oluhlaza eziqongweni. Kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinhlelo ezibanzi amaqanda isivuno hhayi eqoqwe.

Amazambane abatshalwé ngasekupheleni kuka-April - ekuqaleni kuka May. Uma isitshalo ngaphambili, Ziningi usebenzele kuyo ngokukhethekile ukuze basize ekukhuliseni amazambane enhlabathini ngokwanele efudumele.

Colombo wavalelwa ejele izinsuku ezingu-56 ngaphambi kokuvuna, njengoba lokhu ezihlukahlukene kuyinto ekuqaleni.

Ridging kanye kokukhulelwa

Ridging esiyisibopho e amazambane kulinywe.

Kokuqala hilling umkhiqizo lapho izithombo esekhule ngokuphindwe 5-10 cm. Yokudla akwenziwa. Ngaphambi hilling Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse yonke ukhula, ukudiliza kubo ngezimpande.

hilling Landelayo sacula phambi zom. Futhi wasusa zonke ukhula ngesandla.

Kusukela ekwindla ka ezweni lapho luyokhula amazambane izinhlobo Colombo zalisa mullein.

Ngaphambi eziqongweni isiqalo izimbali, inhlabathi senziwa potassium sulfate kanye nokhuni umlotha.

Phakathi zom amazambane sezihlahla kanye avundiswa. Ukusebenzisa i-phosphorus umquba. Kuyasiza ifomu luyimbudumbudu.

Izimfihlo isivuno high

Ngaphandle umquba hilling, yokutshala amazambane kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso lokushisa.

Ezindaweni eningizimu, ngesikhathi sokushisa kwemini 40 degrees nezilimo eziyizigaxa ukukhula uyama. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiko kumele bazithela ngamanzi tepid, ukuthi emini umswakama iyasha, epholisa inhlabathi.

Cold ehlobo esinamafu futhi amazambane kubathinta. Harvest ngezikhathi ezinjalo sinciphile.

Kwemisebenzi yoMnyango lokushisa lobubanzi amazambane ezikhulayo - 20-25 degrees Celsius.

Incazelo Colombo amazambane izinhlobo ukuthola ezithela eliphezulu elikuyalayo ngokuphumelelayo ukulungiselela ukutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa.

nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu abahlukene ngommese isikebhe. Khona-ke qhubeka them amasonto amabili elangeni, kulesi sikhathi locezu is some isikhumba. Ngemva kwalokho ungakwazi itshalwe. nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane abatshalwé lilonke.

Ungakwazi ukutshala imbewu uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi. Imbewu ethathwe ezihlabayo ukuthi wanika ezithela eziphakeme.

Akubalulekile ukubeka efanayo amazambane ezihlukahlukene endaweni efanayo. Amazambane ungathandi inhlabathi efanayo futhi lukhumuzeka ngeminyaka. Kuyasiza ukushintsha ibanga noma umhlaba ukuze kutshalwe. Kulezi zimo, bese kuphumela esivunweni esihle kuqinisekile.

Potato inkathazo eziyingozi Colorado amazambane bhungane. Kusukela kuyokusiza ukuqeda ithuluzi ekhethekile, okuyinto isendalini. Ingqikithi ubola inyanga futhi abanayo isikhathi ukwenza okubi okuningi ezilimweni.

izici ezihlukahlukene

Potato ezihlabayo Colombo kuhluke ukukhula isilinganiso kungaba uqotho futhi lisakazeka. Amaqabunga oluhlaza ngombala, medium noma usayizi esikhulu. Beaters ohlangothini reverse ebuthaka kwe-anthocyanin coloration, okuyinto kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi khona.

Colombo amazambane sesitshalo amelana izifo ezifana nomdlavuza amazambane, kanye nematode amazambane simila. Ukumelana ezimaphakathi Phytophthora.

Potato nezilimo eziyizigaxa Uyi bushelelezi, ukuma avamile. Indaphundaphu kanye ikhasi ophuzi. Isisindo tuber - kusuka 80 kuya 125 amagremu. Starch Level 11-15%. Nambithani Kulinganiselwa kahle-hle.

Isethulo nezilimo eziyizigaxa balinganiselwa ku 81-98%, ukugcina umthamo sifinyelela 95%.

Nothile Kuveza komyalelo wokungabi 42,45 t / ha.

Colombo okunjalo amazambane ezihlukahlukene, indawo, izibuyekezo ngakho okunezela Imininingwane yethu ekhona.

Izibuyekezo balimi

Amazambane izinhlobo Colombo, izibuyekezo balimi, kokuba kokuhlaziywa okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene yaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi izakhiwo ezilandelayo:

1. ukunambitheka omuhle. Amazambane hhayi kakhulu abilisiwe elithambile, ukunambitheka amnandi futhi lwamanzi, soft futhi ethandeka.
2. ukubukeka ekhangayo.
3. Earliness. Harvest angasuswa emasontweni ayisithupha (izinsuku 40-50) emva kokutshala.
4. Ukwenza Izinto Zibe Lula abebeziphilisa ngako.
5. Ukumelana yokuntuleka umswakama. Izinhlobonhlobo akudingi ukuthambisa njalo. Isibalo isivuno hhayi ziyancipha.
6. umkhiqizo okuphezulu. Nge ehlathini uya 10-15 amazambane.
7. Ukumelana umdlavuza futhi nematodes.

Phakathi nemibi angawodwa ukugcinwa iDemo izinga izinhlobo. Elondolozwe amazambane izinhlobo Colombo hhayi izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha. Nokho, okuningi kuncike kule mibandela USB.