Congestive optic disc: izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nezici ukwelashwa

Iziguli eziningi ngemva kokuvakashela nehhovisi ophthalmologist BakaJehova babhekana kwathiwa unesifo "congestive optic disc." Leli gama lihlanganisa inkulumo akuvami kucaca ukuthi yini ebangela iziguli ukufuna ukwaziswa okwengeziwe. Yini ephelezelwa esesimweni esinjalo, futhi yini igcwele izinkinga? Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko yokujama tsi? Ukuze anikele iqhaza kwezokwelapha zanamuhla njengendlela yokwelapha?

Kuyini zokugula?

Okokuqala, ake ukubhekana ne lisho ukuthini igama elithi. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi eqinisweni uphethwe kuhilela ukuvuvukala. Emgodini onomthombo optic disc - zokugula okuyinto kuhambisana edema futhi ukubukeka kwaso ongakaphathelani inqubo ukuvuvukala.

Lesi simo akusona isifo ezimele. Ukuvuvukala ezimweni eziningi ihlobenenamanye ukukhuphuka ziphikelele ingcindezi intracranial. Lena inkinga ebhekene hhayi kuphela lapho usukhulile - ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe i-optic congestive disc kule ngane. lokhu zokugula ngokwemvelo kuthinta umbono uma ingelashwa, kungaholela ezinzwa yoma futhi ubumpumputhe. Edema kungaba eyodwa emaceleni, kodwa, ngokuvumelana izifundo imininingwane, isifo ngokuvamile sithinta kokubili amehlo ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Congestive optic disc: Izimbangela

Njengoba sekushiwo, ezimweni eziningi, ukuvuvukala eba ku ngemuva kokwanda ingcindezi intracranial. Futhi izizathu lokhu kungaba eziningi:

• Cishe 60-70% azo amacala congestive disk optic ngenxa yokubakhona isimila ebuchosheni. Kuze kube manje, ukunquma ukuthi kukhona ubudlelwano phakathi ubukhulu izimila kanye ukubukeka puffiness. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi eduze sine ebuchosheni okungukuthi, kwakhiwa ngokushesha futhi iqhubeka disk amile yaziwa.
• Ukuvuvukala ulwelwesi zobuchopho (ikakhulukazi meningitis) Ungase futhi avuse egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.
• Izinto ezibangela futhi zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa ithumba.
• idiski Emgodini onomthombo angagcina ngenxa kuhlasimulise okulimala ebuchosheni noma ukopha ventricles nobuchopho izicubu.
• A zokugula efanayo ngezinye izikhathi ebonwe iphimbo (isimo okuyinto kuhambisana ukuphazamiseka outflow evamile cerebrospinal fluid kanye ekuqongeleleni yayo kule ventricles).
• Ngu khona izicubu edema kubangela imiyalezo atriovenoznyh uncharacteristic phakathi izitsha.
• Ngokuvamile imbangela yokujama tsi we emsipheni optic kukhona izinhlumba, kanye nezinye imfundo, okuyinto kancane kancane ngosayizi.
• zokugula okunjalo ingaqala ku isizinda thrombosis, ukuqinisekisa kwegazi igazi ebuchosheni.
• Ukuze uthole ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme nakwezinye izifo ziholele umzimba kanye hypoxic ukulimala kobuchopho izicubu.

Empeleni, kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi uphethwe ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokushona zokuzikhukhumeza emsipheni optic, njengoba kuthinta icebo yokwelapha kanye okusheshayo nesineke yokutakula.

Izici izimpawu zokwelashwa pathology

Yiqiniso, uhlu izimpawu - yilokhu kuwufanele ukufunda. Phela, uma usheshe izobonwa ukuthi ukuhlukumeza Ikakhulu, ngokushesha isiguli kudingeke abone udokotela. Ngokushesha kufanele kusho ukuthi khona kwale zokugula obona kahle walondoloza, futhi isikhathi eside. Kodwa iziguli eziningi ngesikhathi esifanayo esekhala bekhanda yansukuzonke.

Ukuze congestive optic disc elinesimo ukuwohloka abukhali umbono, kuhlanganise ngobumpumputhe. Njengomthetho, kuba yesikhashana, abese konke ngesikhathi bebuyela evamile. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungenxa spasm ka imithambo yegazi - umzuzwana izinzwa usathola nomsoco kanye nomoya-mpilo. Kwezinye iziguli, lezi "ukuhlaselwa 'zenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela, ezinye iziguli izinguquko cishe nsuku zonke. Akubuzwa ukuthi kuyingozi kungaba kakhulu olulandelayo ubumpumputhe, ikakhulukazi uma ngaleso sikhathi lo muntu kunjalo ngokushayela imoto, zeqe umgwaqo, abasebenza ngamathuluzi yingozi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nqubo futhi retina, okuyinto kuhambisana ukwehla okukhulu emkhakheni ezibukwayo. On luhlolo, fundus udokotela ungase uphawule nokopha ezincane ezenzeka ngenxa iziyaluyalu sokujikeleza kwegazi takhiwo analyzer optic. Ephambi kwezinduna lezi zimpawu udinga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze abone udokotela.

Izigaba yentuthuko lesi sifo

Customary ukuhlukanisa izigaba eziningana ukuthuthukiswa zokugula:

• Ngesikhathi sokuqala hyperemia esiteji waphawula disk, olugcwele amancane ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo crimping.
• isigaba Sikuveze - amile optic disc inyuka ngobukhulu, avele emhlabeni nokopha encane.
• Lwesigaba evelele we disc elimele prominiruet kuzoni Vitreous, kukhona izinguquko macular.
• Lokhu kulandelwa esiteji yoma, lapho disk isicaba futhi uthola ezingcolile grey umbala. Kwakuphakathi nale nkathi bese ziqala ukuvela izinkinga umbono lubonakale. Okokuqala, kukhona ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe bese okuphelele umbono.

Esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo kanye nezici zayo

Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, isiguli akusho usola ukuba khona inkinga, njengoba abanye beveza ukwephulwa zimane akutholakali kusaqalwa isifo. Phakathi nale nkathi, ukuxilonga iziyaluyalu kungenzeka - ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngengozi ngesikhathi iso luhlolo isimiso.

Amadiski sikhukhumale ukwandisa ngobukhulu, banayo imiphetho usongene bese ufaka indawo emzimbeni Vitreous. Cishe 20% eziguli pulse ngemithambo encane zinyamalale. Nakuba engakwazanga ukuwaphendula izimpawu ebonakalayo, i-retina nayo ekuqaleni zigcwala.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa kwaleso sifo?

Uma ungatholi ukwelashwa, ezinye zezimpawu kakade kungabonwa. Yiziphi lezo zinkinga okubangela congestive optic disc? Izimpawu kuthanda isici. Iziguli kancane kancane kuyancipha acuity ezibukwayo. Ukunwetshwa kwemingcele kungabonwa ngesikhathi ucwaningo endaweni abayizimpumputhe.

Ukuze athuthukise kokuminyaka emithanjeni izinkinga kwegazi, njengoba wazi, kuthinta emsipheni optic. Ukuvuvukala disc iyakhula. Lesi sifo angase ithuthuka isigaba ezingamahlalakhona. Kulesi sigaba, lo acuity ezibukwayo kuyathuthuka ke sehla kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuba bagcine ukuvaleka emkhakheni evamile umbono.

izindlela zesimanje uphethwe

Congestive disc optic - isifo Kungahlonzwa ngomshini kudokotela wezifo zamehlo, njengoba ukuhlola ngokucophelela futhi ukuqinisekiswa onguchwepheshe angakwazi iphunga rat. Kodwa kusukela zokugula lihlotshaniswa nezifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa, ukuphathwa Kwenziwa wezinzwa noma ohlinza izinzwa.

Ukuba khona edema kungenziwa ngokunembile usethe ngesikhathi retinotomografii. Ngo esizayo ngaphansi kophenyo, injongo okuyinto - ukunquma degree of ukuvuvukala kanye ukuhlonza imbangela yalesi sifo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiguli ithunyelwa luhlolo ultrasound emsipheni optic. Ngokuzayo labetibambile-X-ray luhlolo Yekhanda, tomography kukhompyutha futhi optical ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho tomography.

Congestive disc optic: ukuphathwa

Ngokushesha kuwufanele ethi yokwelapha kuncike imbangela ukuthuthukiswa, ukuze aphathe kuyadingeka, okokuqala kunakho konke, lesi sifo eyinhloko. Ngokwesibonelo, iziguli ezinemishini meningitis linqume ezifanele elwa namagciwane (antifungal, namagciwane) izidakamizwa. Iphimbo udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuzungeza evamile cerebrospinal fluid nokunye. D.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amile optic disc zidinga ukwelashwa yesondlo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yoma yesibili. Ukuze uqale amanzi emzimbeni Kwenziwa, elibonisa ketshezi ngokweqile futhi kunciphisa edema. Iziguli nazo iqondiswa vasodilators ukuthi kujwayeleke kwegazi izicubu sezinzwa, amaseli ukuhlinzeka lemali edingekile of umoya-mpilo nezakhi. Kuyingxenye ukuphathwa, futhi wamukele imikhiqizo umzimba ukuthi ngcono nokugcina umzimba neuronal, ukuhlinzeka operation evamile emsipheni optic.

Nakuba imbangela eyinhloko congestive optic disc ubalekela - umsebenzi ebuchosheni futhi okubonakalayo analyzer ubuyela evamile. Kodwa ukungabi khona ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuholela ukuqeda ukulahleka umbono. Yingakho noma kunjalo kufanele ungamlahli ukwelashwa kanye nokunganakwa iseluleko udokotela.

Ingabe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezikhona?

Ngokushesha kufanele kusho ukuthi abanye izidakamizwa ethize noma ama-ejenti olungavimba ukuthuthukiswa isifo, alikho. Into kuphela ongayenza ukuncoma odokotela - izivivinyo njalo ukuzivikela ngokuphendukela kudokotela wezifo zamehlo. Yiqiniso, kufanele ugweme nezimo ezisongela ukulimala ebuchosheni.

Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi endabeni izilonda isimiso sezinzwa, qiniseka ukuthi selashwe, kanye nokwelashwa akagcini kuze babuyele ngokugcwele emzimbeni. Uma kukhona nanoma yikuphi ukwephula noma okwenziwe izimpawu ukukhathazeka kudingeka ubone kudokotela wezifo zamehlo noma udokotela wezinzwa.