Ebola: incazelo isifo

Ebola ezihlobene nezifo sibi ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lesi sifo kuyehluka kuneminye esithathelanayo kakhulu, ephelezelwa oluhambisana syndrome, iqalisa kanzima futhi ngokuvamile iphela usibulale lesi siguli.

I-ejenti causative lesi sifo elaqala ukutholwa endaweni eMfuleni Zaire (Ebola). Kodwa leli gciwane lingase ukusakaza namagundane ezihlala eduze zokuhlala abantu. Abantu igciwane futhi uyingozi kwabanye, ngoba umuntu ogulayo uqala igciwane amasonto amathathu emva kokutheleleka. Kwezokwelapha, uchaza ezimweni lapho igciwane nemayunivesithi. Iningi kulezi zinkanyezi ayekubona phakathi abasebenzi bezokwelapha ezibhedlela. Ebola isifo angadluliselwa futhi kusho zomculo wezokwelapha ukuthi abangu kabi inzalo.

izimpawu

Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge isikhumba noma lwamafinyila engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula lilimele. Ezindaweni lapho igciwane lingena, ayifani izinguquko ebonakalayo. Umzimba elinegciwane kwenzeka ngokushesha ukusabalala ukutheleleka, elibangela syndrome trombogemorragichesky futhi ukudakwa. Ocwaningweni sabantu abahlala ezindaweni sendawo, akhonjwe mayelana eziyisikhombisa amaphesenti abantu ezigazi luqukethe amasosha omzimba ukuba ukutheleleka lwegciwane. Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi mayelana kungenzeka amacala asymptomatic lesi sifo, njengoba ehlushwa omnene hhayi ngesikhathi esifanele itholiwe.

Ebola ine isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, okuyinto Uthatha ngenyanga iimveke ezisithandathu. Lesi sifo has a lot ukwenzani enomkhuhlane ka-Marburg. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi zokugula has ntshashintshe of kobukhulu kanye amathuba okufa ezindaweni ezahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa izici antigenic nezinto eziphilayo kwamagciwane.

Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa Ebola inzima futhi kuhambisana imisipha ezinzima futhi ikhanda, uhudo nobuhlungu esiswini.

Kancane kancane, izimpawu kokuqala ongenela isifuba esomile ubuhlungu endaweni esifubeni, ne uhlamvu kabuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhona izimpawu ezihambisana ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngemva kwesonto lesi sifo phezu maculopapular ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, emva ukunyamalala okuyinto uyaxebuka.

Oluhambisana syndrome zokugula liphinyiselwe ngopha emakhaleni, ngaphezu, umbukiso igazi ebuhlanzweni. Ingabe abesifazane kufanele lesizalo ukopha nokukhulelwa izophela yisisu. Imiphumela laboratory ukuhlaziya igazi kubonisa kwegazi, thrombocytopenia, futhi leukocytosis. Ukufa kwenzeka ngokuvamile kakhulu kulo lonke isonto fever ngenxa ukwethusa ukopha yesibili.

Ebola Treatment kanye Sifo

Phakathi ukwelashwa, iziguli zokugula anganikwa esegumbini labagula kakhulu. Iziguli kufanele sibe ezithathelwanayo neminyango ezikhethekile emabhokisini ahlukene. Ukuze iwenze ube lula isimo iqondiswa ngomlomo ethola electrolyte emthanjeni nasoketshezini. Futhi, sebenzisa iziguli plasma convalescent. Sebenzisa antitussive, antipyretic, izidakamizwa antiemetic. Kuze kube manje, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo ososayensi, futhi akatholakalanga wokugoma ezifweni, kodwa ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ayikho.

Njengezinye izinhlobo ukushisa komzimba, ukuxilonga izifo Ebola kufanele baphathe ezithathelwanayo udokotela isifo. Ukuze bahlonze izifo usebenzisa izindlela ukuhlolwa laboratory: immunofluorescence kanye enzyme immunoassay, a igazi test ezivamile. Phakathi imfiva kukhona yezinkinga kungenzeka ezifana oluhambisana, hypovolemic noma ezithathelwanayo ukushaqeka anobuthi.