Indlala yegilo. Izimpawu kwezifo hyper- kanye hypothyroidism.

Thyroid - ingenye nezindlala oyinhloko endocrine, amahomoni okuyinto lokulawula izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni. Itholakala entanyeni, phambi amalaka. lokhu mass umzimba ngokwesilinganiso kusuka 30 kuya 40 amagremu. iyunithi Morpho-nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa yegilo amaseli follicular kukhona, okuyinto kwakhiwa esibalulekile hormone ezimbili iodinated: thyroxine futhi triiodothyronine, kanye nabangewona iodized - calcitonin. Injongo obusebenzayo la ma-hormone yilezi:

• ukushukuma asebenzayo izakhi yeselula e namachibi izinqubo;
• ukulawulwa kwamanzi, amafutha, amaminerali, ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni umzimba;
• iqhaza ukukhula nokuthuthuka wonke umzimba;
• imiphumela ku isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

Thyroid, izimpawu zesifo i- okuyinto zibangelwa noma hypofunction yayo noma hyperfunction, owulalelayo nokulawula uhlelo pituitary-gipotalomicheskoy. Le ngxenye, umlamuli eliphakeme noma reducer kohlelo neuroendocrine, futhi pituitary anterior kuyinto ejwayelekile kumuntu enempilo ngezithukuthuku ukusabela eziyinkimbinkimbi neurochemical ukunikeza umsebenzi ukulawula kahle kwendlala yegilo. Kuyinto kusukela umsebenzi kahle ehlelekile zalezi zakhiwo ezimbili yokwakheka incike eqinisa ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone in the follicle yegilo at kusilela yabo futhi ingasheshi ukukhiqizwa yabo lapho glut umzimba lezi izinto eziphila abakhuthele kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kudingekile.

Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo (izimpawu zesifo, hyperfunction manifest wokulahlekelwa yayo isisindo, ukujuluka ngokweqile futhi excitability kwemizwa) phakathi kwezinye izinto ulawula umfutho wegazi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu izimpawu ngaphezulu ukukhiqiza ngokwedlulele kwama-hormone egilo, kunesinye iphuzu elibalulekile - ukukhuphuka esiqhubekayo eziguquguqukayo wegazi, kunzima njengamanje ziphathwe antihypertensive yokwelapha imithi. Futhi, kukhona ukwanda compensatory kulomzimba, yini le ndlala yegilo, izimpawu wakhe kulokhu emelelwa izikhalazo ezilandelayo:

• uzizwa phezu-yobunzima;
• engakhululekile nokuphatheka kabi endaweni intamo;
• ukuqina esifundeni wesibeletho;
• Exophthalmia (-Graves 'disease);
• somoya;
• palpitations, okwandisa ukuzikhandla kancane;
• thuthuva ubuthongo;
• ongaphakeme-ebangeni umkhuhlane;
• anda esesuthi, engesiyo kakhulu ngcono;
• uhudo njalo;
• okungenasisekelo ukucasuka njll

Konke lokhu ukhonza njengomdala isithombe esikhanyayo basemtholampilo ngokukhukhumala kwentamo goiter anobuthi, izimpawu zalesi sifo kukhona catchy ukuze goiter kudidaniswe ezinye zokugula kuyoba nzima kakhulu. Isimo ehluke ngokuphelele ubonisa umsebenzi encishisiwe we indlala yegilo. Izimpawu ze- ke kuthiwa iphambene: isiguli ucobekile, bengenandaba, amafutha kubonakala "bhukuda" amehlo, isiguli ngaso sonke isikhathi ufuna ukulala, esesuthi kwehle, kodwa akusizi kuye ulahlekelwe isisindo. Heartbeat engaguquki, kodwa kancane, ukuqunjelwa ezingalapheki. Ngezinye izikhathi le ndlala yegilo, izimpawu zazo izifo ezihlobene nokusebenzelana myxedema, ingaphinda kancane anda. Nokho, lokhu hypertrophy akusho ukuthuthuka njengesikhonzi thyrotoxicosis.

Isimo ekhethekile kwenzeka uma kukhona ukuqina indlala yegilo. Isenzakalo esifanayo kwenzeka thyroiditis sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, okuyinto okubhekiselwa kuzo nangokuthi "goiter Hoshimoto", kanye ezingamahlalakhona thyroiditis lunemicu noma "goiter Riedel". Umphumela wokugcina kokubili sokugembula izinqubo esikhundleni yezindlala izicubu yegilo ezicutshini ngokwemvelo ukukhiqiza ama-hormone egilo akufanele. Lezi zifo ezimbili eziholela iziguli ukukhubazeka. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ingafani umdlavuza uthi.