Egumbini Delphic futhi Geology: isayensi, eqinisekisa inganekwane

Idolobhana Delphi eGreece - izivakashi isikhungo manje, kodwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili bahlangana lapha akuzona izivakashi, kodwa zabaningi. Behlela kusukela emikhunjini, wakhwela entabeni, lapho, phakathi seminqumo engcwele wema engcwele anikezelwe nonkulunkulu welanga Apollo. Ngokusho yetinsita kule ndawo indodana kaZeyusi wabulala udrako Python, okuyinto kuqashelwe emfantwini, enika abantu ukuba niprofethe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, umpristi ekhethekile - yaqanjwa dragon Pifiyami - waprofetha isiphetho ngabantu zabo futhi baphendule nemibuzo mayelana nekusasa. ezingcwele okunjalo eGrisi lasendulo babebaningi, kodwa ohlonishwayo kakhulu kwaba ithempeli lika-Apholo at eDelphi.

Itholakala esinqeni seNtaba Parnassus. Kusukela endaweni lihlonishwa kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC ukuze 4 AD leminyaka, Kunezinye izindawo eziningi kangaka futhi senze eziyinkimbinkimbi oracular isiprofetho oda. Zonke izazi-mlando zithi ithempeli lika-Apholo ngima emfantwini, lapho ekuphumeni amagesi ngomshoshaphansi. Priestesses wamukela kuphela amantombazane ababenolwazi isipho esiprofetho. Nakuba benza umsebenzi wabo Pythia ke aphethwe izithembiso ubumsulwa, futhi kuphela ngaleso sikhathi, ukushiya inkonzo, oshadile.

Izivakashi ukuletha isipho ethempelini wabuza umbuzo, esalotshwa ezibhebheni zengcina. Found in inqwaba futhi okuqondene izikhathi ezahlukene, zikukhombisa ukuthi ma-pilgrim kwakungo nentshisekelo ecishe ifane: ngabe owakwakho kushintsha, kungaba uthembele eyodwa noma omunye umuntu futhi ukuthi kuzuze lokhu noma lokhuya ukuhweba kungaletha. Oracle ngaphambilini ageze phansi adyton - ekamelweni komhlaba ngaphansi phansi ethempelini - nihlale ezihlalweni tripod. It ukuhogela futhi agelezé e Trans. Amazwi ayo rambling wakhuluma Delphic Egumbini - umpristi ekhethekile ukuyichaza ngendlela eyinqaba mutterings yelizwi nompristikazi wonkulunkulu.

Kodwa abavubukuli, okuqhubekayo kule ndawo kusukela XIX leminyaka., Asitholanga noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka ngaphansi ethempelini. Ososayensi Adolf Oppe futhi Pierre Amandri emaphepheni abo wawuthi Pythia, isiprofetho futhi usho Delphi - hhayi ningi than ezinkulu, kuze kube nini nanini eziningana eminyaka umkhonyovu, okwaphumela abapristi ethempelini ayezuza ubumsulwa-pilgrim. Nokho, esimweni ithempeli lika-Apholo at Delphi kwakukhona isimo ezingavamile lapho isayensi yanamuhla eye angigodlanga, kodwa waqinisekisa inganekwane izimangaliso ezenzeka endaweni engcwele.

In the 1980, study zokwakheka intabamlilo yayiqhutshelwa, okwenzeka kule ndawo. Kwatholakala ukuthi amaphutha okuyinto angavuka ngemikhiqizo womsebenzi magmatic, ugijima empumalanga nasentshonalanga, ngqó endaweni lapho Pythia yahlala, + futhi lapho uphendula imibuzo Egumbini Delphic. Igumbi adyton kwaba 2-3 amamitha ngezansi eliphansi, kunjengokungathi zakhiwa ukubamba bese ubamba igesi ivela emifantwini. Kodwa wawuyini lo izidakamizwa nompristikazi oludakayo futhi ethula ke yisiyezi?

UPlutarch liveza ukuthi 'pneuma ", okuyinto ephefumula Pythia, waba nephunga elimnandi. Ngisho kule minyaka kwekhulu lamashumi amabili 20 Himik Izabella Herb wathola ukuthi isixazululo 20% ethylene kuholela lokukhohlwa womuntu, futhi umthamo buthaka kubangela trance. Abavubukuli Higgins ngo-1996 wasikisela ukuba izwi onkulunkulu kwangenisa le Pythia wamemezela Egumbini Delphic, laphefumulelwa namabhuzu ethylene exutshwe-carbon dioxide. Lona kube isiphelo sesimiso ososayensi kwaphoqa ekutadisheni elinye ithempeli lika-Apholo at Gierayolise (Malaya Aziya), lapho le ngxube namanje liyasuka izingqimba phansi kwamanzi. Ngo Delphi, ngemva kuba nokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu eziningana, emfantwini kuyinto avaliwe futhi "umthombo isambulo" bomile.