Elbrus: ukubuyekezwa. Elbrus Wabasaqalayo: Izibuyekezo

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha esikhathini sethu kuye kwafinyelela izinga ukuthi umgoqo kuze indawo zabahamba kokushiya isikhala kuphela, futhi ngisho nangalesosikhathi hhayi isikhathi eside.

Uma omunye engu-15-20 edlule, iphakama enqoba ingeyamakhosi ezemidlalo kakhulu, manje ukugibela Elbrus (izibuyekezo abahambi imfundamakhwela sathini ngakho) - lokhu kuyinto uhlobo okwedlulele iholide izaphulelo okungase athengwe ku-inkampani yokulungisela abahambayo evamile.

Elbrus

Kwavela ngasekupheleni Neogene ubudala ngesikhathi bephakamisa yokhalo zaseCaucasia, Elbrus intabamlilo babunamandla kakhulu, ukuthi imiphumela nokuqhuma lasendulo namuhla ososayensi yayo akutholayo amakhulu amakhilomitha kude ke.

Izenzakalo intabamlilo wayeka eminyakeni 2500 edlule, kodwa Elbrus, izibuyekezo mayelana namandla ukuthi uhlala ezinganekwaneni zendawo yezinganekwane, ngekhulu le-16 kuboniswe amabalazwe ngesimo Isigaxa lomlilo.

Omunye eliphakeme izintaba-mlilo yokuqothulwa aqala ukulinqoba izwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. uhambo isiRashiya, ehlanganisa ososayensi kanye ezempi, ngo-1829, wazama anqobe Elbrus ngisho ifinyelele ukuphakama 4.800 m, njengoba kufakazelwa amazwi aqoshwe itshe ne George Cross ezibaziweyo kuso. Kodwa ukufinyelela esiqongweni ayengakwenza kuphela Umhlahlandlela yabo Kabardian, njengoba yaguqulwa kangcono rarefied wasentabeni.

Ubufakazi ekunqotshweni Mount Elbrus baba ipuleti esiyisikhumbuzo, eyayibhalwe umcimbi, kodwa ukunqoba ezimbili esinamakhanda entabeni iphakama akuzange kubayekise. Ngo 1874, bezintaba IsiZulu walalela isiqongo entshonalanga. Bobabili iphakama, nesicelo esiqondile sendawo sentaba kumephu, wafunda topographer Russian Pastukhov owayebizwa ngokuthi behlonipha idwala azungeze 4700 amamitha.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, imishini ukugibela sashintsha futhi isibalo sezikhungo labo ngilinqobile entabeni. Elbrus (izibuyekezo abaqwali we speak kwekhulu lama-20 yaleli) kwaba uvivinyo lwangempela wamandla ngempela, ukukhuthazela nokuzithiba. Namuhla, le ntaba-mlilo yokuqothulwa ongasukuma zonke izivakashi ngaphandle ukuqeqeshwa okukhulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi Elbrus ngonyaka ithatha inqwaba yabantu kulabo ababengabafo abangamaqhawe zokungacabangi phezu nesibindi.

Isimo sezulu ku Elbrus

Climate Elbrus iyafana ngaphezulu-Arctic, njengoba lokushisa kwemini Le nyanga yaziwa ngokushisa lapha ifinyelela 8 degrees Celsius, futhi izimo ezinzima kunazo sezulu Februwari.

kweqhwa njalo kanye nezinye izinguquko eziningi esimweni sezulu, wadala enkazimulweni entabeni "ukuqondisa komoya," njengoba lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu Nogay lwesigodi isihloko Elbrus.

Abaqwalayo 19 nele-20 kwadingeka ukuba bathembele inhlanhla, kwenzekani umqansa. Namuhla, imishini yesimanje Meteorological ikuvumela ukuba wazi kusengaphambili lapho ungaya anqobe Elbrus. Uphenyo bezintaba abaningi bathi ulwazi ngesimo sezulu kusengaphambili ngokuvamile kusindisa ukuphila.

Ukuze kube lula abaqwali at eziphakeme ezahlukene kweNtaba esungulwe base transshipment, injongo eyinhloko okuyinto isivikelo esimweni sezulu esibi, futhi ikhono ukudlula acclimatize phambi ukugibela. Lesi sakamuva uyisidingo, ngoba Elbrus eliqinile ubhekisela kulabo sidebeselele ukuphepha.

Kuye emthambekeni ukwanda iqala, lithembela i yinkimbinkimbi kwako.

Elbrus - zone izivakashi

Lokunyuka ku Elbrus (izibuyekezo idethi yalesi sikhulu) baba uhlobo lokuzijabulisa kwezokuvakasha esanda kuqalwa. Ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda ngesimo a imoto ikhebula, amahhotela kanye transshipment lezisekelo kwaholela yokuthi lapha yakhishwa yizivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Ngokwesibonelo, Mount Cheget (3650m) kuyinto ski resort nge amathrekhi eyinselele kakhulu emhlabeni. Bonke abafisa ukuba ayeke entabeni inselele, woza lapha ukuhlola amandla abo. Ngo nenkathi lapho snowboarders perk Elbrus ski (Izibuyekezo bathi lokhu Novemba), ukuba 4 ngamakheshi kanye 3 ikhebula izimoto, emigqeni azanele ngoba kwezidingo okusheshayo of bonke comers endaweni. Siyabonga kubo, skiers ungaqala olusuka ukuphakama 3070 m ngaphezu kolwandle, okuyinto akulula Wabasaqalayo kanye kuyanda kancane futhi Uzalo okusheshayo kungathinta impilo jikelele ngesimo isiyezi kanye nesicanucanu.

ungakhululeka phakathi eqhweni amandla inzuzo, ukunambitha cuisine wendawo etholakala amahhotela eseduze nezindawo zokudlela ezinhle. Futhi lapha ungathola isiqalo ekhanda Elbrus. Izibuyekezo abaqwali bathi nezinqolobane zommbila nge ukuhlanzwa Azu, esinikezwe Cheget esobala enokukhanya kwelanga engafinyelelwa ngebhasi noma ngezinyawo (6 km), kwehlisa kakhulu isikhathi ukukhuphuka intaba.

Base ayehamba phezu kwentaba ngokwayo ayifanele ihlala isikhathi eside. inhloso yabo - ukunikeza abantu ithuba go ngazivumelanisa nendlela, okwenza izinga komunye semininingwane komunye, ukuze kube lula ukuhambisa emqansweni Elbrus. Izibuyekezo bathi kukhona okungenani izimo eyanele ukuze uthole amandla.

Elbrus Wabasaqalayo

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha ezintabeni idale eziningi amakhono amasha, omunye owawungumnyaka tour guide umsebenzi, noma, njengoba besho ezinsukwini ubudala, umqhubi.

Ngaphambili, umqhubi waphoqeleka ukuletha izihambi lapho uya khona. Elbrus Wabasaqalayo (ikakhulukazi Wabasaqalayo Izibuyekezo abonisa ukubaluleka kwalesi), "baletha" isizukulwane esisha ochwepheshe umsebenzi walo oyinhloko wayengeyena nje ukusekela kodwa futhi ukuqeqeshwa of abaqwali ongenalwazi.

Njengomthetho, abaqwali abanolwazi aluleka wabaqalayo, ngubani ingatholakala kuyi-Internet, Awu, ofunda nabo? Izivakashi ngokuvamile ngokungazi akholelwa ukuthi uma u-opharetha ukuvakasha kwenza i sipho ezikhangayo ngesimo iphakama enqoba, izandla zakhe ezimhlophe ngaphansi esiqongweni sentaba LANGENA. Eqinisweni, i-ejensi ithengiswe nohambo, ngokuphelele namanje, uthola Umqansa iklayenti noma cha. Konke okunye, njengoba besho, kungcono art iziqondiso.

Elbrus Wabasaqalayo (izibuyekezo zonke "Dummies" siliqinisekise) iqala ekhaya:

• Okokuqala, kuthatha okungenani ezinye ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba kuze ibeke umthwalo imilenze Ungahambisa ngesivinini esifanele. Enough for 3-4 amasonto ngaphambi zokuhambela basicindezele kwezinyawo zenu, kube elula amancane, egijima, sehla senyuka ngezitebhisi. Ake imisipha otbolyat ekhaya, khona-ke kuyoba lula ukuba anqobe Elbrus. Izibuyekezo zifiki ngalokho beye babhekana umthwalo ngokweqile, ezaziniphanga zonke injabulo ekhuphuka, akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike ku-intanethi.
• Okwesibili, kuthatha ngubo ezinhle. Kwaba kuhle hhayi eqolo. Intengo kulokhu akuyona njalo izinga. Ezinye izinto kungaba kuqashwe esizeni, kodwa izicathulo okufanele zithathwe kuphela ukhululekile futhi worn-.
• Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela sempilo yabo ngaphambi kokuthi phezulu ezintabeni. Uma umuntu aluphumeleli acclimatization ngenxa yezinkinga blood pressure noma ngisho, ngasizathu simbe, kungcono ukuba anqobe iziqongo eziphakeme kunazo zonke engaphansi kuka Elbrus. Phumula (izibuyekezo ngakho futhi) omunye lezisekelo kuyoba mnandi, kodwa ephephile.
• Okwesine, njalo ukulalela kwigayidi yakho. Muhle a umgibeli lochwepheshe, ngakho iseluleko sakhe ngaya ngisho oda kungukuthi kuxoxwa.

Elisha kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuthenga uhambo ukuze Elbrus, akhokhe kuphela umzamo, okungaveza lutho, ngakho uhambo, Kufanele uthathe umcebo. Labo bajwayele ukuphumula induduzo, hhayi ukuvakasha ezifanelekile Elbrus. Izibuyekezo mayelana nezinkinga ekhuphuka kanye nemisebenzi ngokomzimba kuqinisekisiwe.

Emqansweni nasentshonalanga

, Kuyo le ntaba engafinyelelwa ezivela ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, kodwa akubona bonke abangabohlobo efanelekayo Wabasaqalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, emqansweni nasentshonalanga ezifanelekile abaqwali nge eziningi nakho kuphela, ngoba lapha indlela ivinjelwe izinguzunga zeqhwa enamandla, amadwala, edinga lokulungisa kakhulu umqansa nzima.

Ikamu base itholakala ohlangothini olusentshonalanga e evulekile endaweni engamamitha 2670 m (Gil-Su). Isidingo acclimatization usuku, okungase kwenziwe nokusetshenziswa ngokuvakashela imithombo wezokwelapha.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - ukugibela kuze kube ekamu olandelayo (3500 m) ingxenye izinto, ukuze uthole esiteji entsha acclimatization. Ngakusasa, kungenzeka ukuba bathuthele lonke izinto. Ikamu itholakala kwi yeqhwa №2 Bityukov Tyubyu (moraine yayo). Kulesi sigaba, uphuzwe ukuphakama Lesisemkhatsini 3900 m, lapho ungakwazi ushiye imishini.

Ikamu yesithathu -. Njengoba lisendaweni ephakeme 4200 m lapho ungakwazi ukuchitha usuku eziphumulele ngaphambi kokuthumela zokugcina base phuzu. Extra acclimatization wosuku wanamuhla kuyosisiza ngomuntu ongenakho okuhlangenwe nakho ukuba bavuselele amandla ukujwayela hypoxia.

Kumila sesine - endaweni engamamitha 4600 m, ngemva kwalokho kukhona ukwanda Elbrus. Intaba (izibuyekezo abaqwali ukusho) sincane ungenakunqotshwa, ngenkathi umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo kwenziwe kahle.

I ekhuphuka ayikanye yingozi, nakuba iqhwa emthambekeni anezinye emthambekeni. Uma umzimba ingashintshwa ukuze oksijini rarefied, indlela eya sezulu ezinhle ngeke ezinzima neziyingozi.

Climbing kusukela empumalanga

Ngapha ungakwazi ekhuphukela phezulu ezintabeni zasempumalanga, kokuba ukuphakama 5621 m lapho kufanele abeke phezu base ekamu yabo uma umgibeli -. A saqala, uzodinga inkombandlela abanolwazi, njengoba lokhu ohlangothini lwentaba alinikezi izimo zokuphila ntofontofo.

Ikamu lokuqala lithathelwe futhi ukuhlala ubusuku ibekwe endaweni engamamitha 2.400 kwamamitha kulandela kuvele "ukumba." - Dlula Irik-Chat (3667 m), eduze kwayo iphimbo ematendeni. Glacier olwenziwa Amazing, bese kwenziwa kuyanda ezingeni elilandelayo - 4,000 amamitha - futhi itende ebusuku.

ikamu Ukuhlasela esekelwe engamamitha 4,500 m. Ngemva ukuphumula lapha kwenziwe ukuqeqeshwa test ukunqoba engamamitha 5000 m. Ngemva kwenkathi lithathelwe kuyanda iqala phezulu, kulandele ekwehleleni kuya base.

Cishe lena yiyona kakhulu "ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle neze" ohlangothini Elbrus.

Emqansweni kusukela eningizimu

Umzila eningizimu ithandwa kakhulu nezinkampani ukuvakasha kanye ifakwe kakhulu ukuze ajabulise bonke. Ngapha ukwazi ukuyinqoba ngisho Elbrus ebusika. Izimpendulo ezivela kulabo wakwenza, bathi ukuthi kudinga amandla emangalisayo ngokomzimba nokuzimisela ukuba simelane okushisa phansi -45 degrees nomoya okuhlabayo.

acclimatization Okokuqala Kwenziwa endaweni engamamitha 2200 m esayithini ekamu "Azu". Kusuka lapha ungakwazi kahle uthole base olandelayo emotweni ikhebula, okuyinto uphela ezingeni ukuphakama 2950 m esiteshini umkhathizwe Old.

Reseeding komunye umugqa komgwaqo, ungakwazi ifike iphuzu olandelayo lithathelwe - "Mir" esiteshini (3500 m). Wabasaqalayo kungcono zokungajahi futhi sidlule acclimatize kancane kancane, enikeza ngalinye ukuphakama okungenani ngosuku.

Kusukela "Umhlaba" kuyinto esihlalweni "Indawo ejwayele ukuvakashelwa eneqhwa" ukukhoselisa "Barrel" esiteshini (3750 m). Kuleli ekamu sihamba lithathelwe eziyisisekelo. Uma uya emhlabeni uhambo iphakethe, esimisweni ummango:

• Ngosuku lokuqala ku "Barrel" uhambo evamile, ukuhlola endaweni ezungeze futhi lonke.
• usuku Okwesibili - uhambo oluya "Asylum 11" ngesikhathi ibambene 4050 m kuyanda kuyinto i-engela degrees 10, futhi kuthatha amahora angaba ngu-2, njengoba ukukhanya kufanele kancane kancane ukuzivumelanisa engamamitha .. Yehla Kwenziwa emaminithi la-20.
• ngosuku lwesithathu - ummango beya Pastukhov Rocks (4600), uma elivunyelwa yimpilo nesimo sezulu. Ukwanda uyephuza, 3-4 amahora, eduze emadwaleni - nse itiye, bese sehlela phansi amahora 1.5-2.
• Ngakusasa 1-2 izinsuku - noma ukugibela noma acclimatization ezengeziwe. Okuphuma ngokuvamile 2-3 amahora ebusuku ngaphansi ukukhanya izibani, ukuzama ukuhlangabezana kwelanga phezulu.

Isimo sezulu ku Elbrus kushintsheke, ngakho kufanele uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi, okuyinto maphakathi no-ndlela, kungenzeka une ukuhlehla. Izintaba ningathetheleli ukungakhathali.

Emqansweni kusukela enyakatho

Conquest of Elbrus waqala uma ivuliwe ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwe-ke. Ngokungafani ukhululekile uhlangothi lwaseningizimu: nge amahhotela yayo kanye eqhweni ngamakheshi, kukhona yonke indlela baye wedwa. isizinda Okokuqala ngoba acclimatization kubhekwa indlu "Oleynikov" futhi "Roshchina" noma "Camp Lakkolit".

Ukuzijwayeza iqala umqansa nasemaweni Lenz (4700 m), lapha baqeqesha. Ummango luqala ngemva ephelele acclimatization, ukuphumula kanye ngobusuku obubodwa. amasayithi Intermediate kuya phezulu alusekho. Kusukela enyakatho ngokuvamile ifike empumalanga, inani eliphakeme ezincane, njengoba kuba seduze. Inkombandlela abanolwazi kungaholela iqembu esiqongweni entshonalanga, nakuba kuba lula ukwenza nge emthambekeni eseningizimu.

Kulabo abathanda imidlalo eyingozi, inkathi skiing kanye nokushova Elbrus kuvula ngoNovemba. Izibuyekezo yalezi ekwehleni bayahlonishwa kakhulu. Isimo sezulu ngalesi sikhathi ngokuvamile uyojatshuliswa yayo namanje kuqhathaniswa efudumele futhi iqhwa seliwile.

It ngokuvamile itholakala ukugibela phezu izivakashi kanye skiers yehla. Elbrus futhi imincintiswano kuyanda esheshayo phezulu. Champion of Kazakhstan nge yayo exponent 3 h 55 imiz. ukuhlanzwa Azau (2400 m) kuya entshonalanga isiqongo (5642 m) kuze inganqotshwa ubani. Ukuze ufunde ukuze anqobe entabeni, kuthatha iminyaka ukuqeqeshwa ulwazi imithetho yokuphepha.

mithetho yokuphepha

Lapho abantu beze Elbrus izivakashi, kufanele kuqondwe ngokucacile ukuthi induna nguye has isipiliyoni ukugibela phezulu, ngakho kuhanjiswa obhekele imisebenzi yezokuphepha kumele kube ngokungathandabuzi.

Ngaphambi kokuba bahambe, ngisho acclimatization ke kuba isibopho:

• Hlola imishini. Kufanele kube inombolo ephelele, ukuphepha ezomile futhi ukuqinisekisa. Qiniseka kufanele abe ukhilimu ubuso lip namafutha, kanye buso noma izibuko ezimnyama.
• Hlola indlela, ehlola isikhathi, zokuxhumana kanye nosizo lokuqala kits.
• Qiniseka kufanele abe thermos itiye hot futhi ukudla okulula - sandwich, candy Amabha noma izithelo.

Ukunyukwa akuvunyelwe amalungu eqembu, hhayi bhalisiwe e Ministry of Izimo eziphuthumayo yeRussia. Loku kubangelwa isidingo akwazi ukuqhuba search and khulula nokusebenza kwabo, uma iqembu is hhayi wabuya.

New Elbrus

Elbrus ukuza uNcibijane (lena round nomdlandla iningi Izibuyekezo) - lokhu kusho ukuhlanganisa iholide umhlangano best konyaka kanye nekhono ukunqoba esiqongweni.

Uhlelo tour kaNcibijane akusho uphumule, ngoba idinga kokubili acclimatization kancane kancane, kanye nesikhathi phakathi amakhono ukuhamba "amakati" nezingongolo ayehamba. I indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa imfundo ubhaka ukustaka lesifanele, kusukela ephakeme kuyanda, kwakuya kuba nzima abonakale.

Kuyefana nasendleleni ukusetshenziswa ngembazo ice, knotting nokuhamba Ngohlelo. Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi abantu kanye ezenzeka kanye nokubusisa ummango beya esiqongweni sentaba, babe ngabangani. Abaqeqeshi ezingathí sina mayelana nokulungiselela eqembu, ngoba ebusika Elbrus ungakwazi kusimangaze ne sezulu, uqweqwe lukashukela futhi imimoya.

ukuhlolwa Olwenziwe amakhono umshwalense ice kanye slide stop, njengeqembu, noma ngokuzimela. Ukuzijwayeza lokutimele ekukhiciteni ladzingekako kuthatha izinsuku 5-6. Ukuthenga ithikithi intaba, nanela ukuthi inani lemali elincane nesikhathi adingekayo emqansweni - izinsuku 8-10. Ukuze anqobe Mount Elbrus akukho izinkambo ngempelasonto. Akekho ukunika isiqinisekiso sokuthi yokutakula kuyoba nhlobo sezulu kule ndawo akuqinisekile kakhulu.

Kodwa uma ulalela umfundisi, ukwenza zonke iziphakamiso zayo, ukuze ibhekane "umgibeli" abancane nenhlanhla, ukuvakasha lokhu kaNcibijane kuyoba adventure esimnandi kakhulu futhi emangalisayo empilweni.