Sudeten Izintaba: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Massif Sudeten has ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka yomlando. Igama sitolikwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Othile ithobela inguqulo ngu Soudeta - egameni lesiLatini netshe, futhi umuntu uthi kusukela plural izwi sudes - "ameva". Encwadini, uPtolemy ukuthi ezintabeni Sudeten eliphuma ngaphezu ihlathi Gabreta. ihlathi nje ukuthi yayisesigodini ezweni Sudetenland lasendulo. Ngemva kwamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, futhi wandise lezi zintaba kanye yonke iYurophu, futhi izinkulungwane zezivakashi kanye nabahamba.

Sudeten Mountains. Indawo Geographical. kwemithombo yemvelo

Imayini Sudetes uhlelo ubabonisa ngokusebenzisa laseYurophu ephakathi futhi ubude 310 km. Ugijima kusukela enyakatho-ntshonalanga kuya eningizimu-mpumalanga kusukela eMpumalanga Jalimane kuze kube semngceleni Czech-Polish. Iphuzu esiphezulu - Mount Snezka, ukuphakama kwayo kuyinto 1602 amamitha. It iseningizimu Karkonosze Massif. Sudeten Izintaba angadingi ukulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi nokunqoba, ezokuvakasha kanjalo lapha njengoba athuthukiswe kahle.

izintaba heterogeneous zifane KaMose: izinguquko Karkonosze ukuphakama, lamagquma Table Izintaba, awalethe e Golden, Jizera, Byalskih ezintabeni.

Ukuhamba ezintabeni, ungathola imigodi lasendulo ashiywe yeqhwa, izimpophoma kufihlwe, labyrinths enamadwala. Othile lucky ngokwanele ukuthola namaminerali abalulekile. Uma kubhekwa obuyigugu we Sudeten izintaba e-Europe. Amatshe zalethwa lapha, elalihlotshiswe hhayi isakhiwo olulodwa e-Italy naseFrance. Namuhla, amadwala ihlangabezane amethiste, ijaspi, idwala crystal, jade, itopazi, garnet. Intaba ububanzi sehlukaniswe emaphakathi, entshonalanga nasempumalanga Sudeten.

Climate. Biota

Sudeten Izintaba zitholakala ezindaweni nge sezulu esipholile. On Karkonosze izimo ezinzima kakhulu. Climate lapha kungenziwa ngokuthi abandayo ngokwanele. Isilinganiso lokushisa yonyaka kulezi izingxenye degrees +2 ukuze +4. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama weqhwa entabeni Waqhubeka emhlabeni 0 degrees.

Emaceleni ale ntaba embozwe ibhande ephansi kuyinto amahlathi entwasahlobo, beech, Linden. Eziphakeme emithambekeni abacebile entabeni zikaphayini. Peatlands atholakala lapha, izitshalo ocebile abameleli, behlele kithi kusukela Ice Age. Ngesikhathi izingxenye esiqongweni sezintaba kukhona izitshalo zone alpine. lapha kuphela ungathola kamenolomku-basalt. Iningi izitshalo kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Ngu relict zinhlobo zihlanganisa lendawo Karkonosze insimbi, eLapland willow, Nartsissova Anemone.

Nezilwane ugxile zasehlathini yilezi: izingulube zasendle, impisi, nonogwaja, impungushe, izinyamazane, ama-lynx. Ngokuvamile, mayelana 60 zezilwane ezincelisayo. I Karkonosze reserve isikhathi eside kusukela Corsica mouflon lwaqala, okuyinto ngokushesha ubanjwe on kahle. Ukuze izinyoni ezintabeni ube yipharadesi, lapho kukhona ngu-200 zinhlobo, ikakhulu baziswa isikhova Boreal, grouse emnyama ukhuni thrushes, sasezindaweni, ugodo dust-, ukhuni grouse.

Umlando omncane

Izintaba Sudeten eYurophu umlando wasendulo kakhulu. osetshenziselwa Ikakhulukazi elikhanyayo zezombusazwe wathola izenzakalo lapha phakathi nekhulu XX. Kwaphela isikhathi eside it fanele kuze Sudetenland yeCzechoslovakia, nakuba lalihlala ikakhulukazi abantu ubuzwe German (Sudeten amaJalimane). Ngo-1938, e-Austria baba inselele German emhlabathini. I eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia Uhulumeni usefunde uhlelo lapho Sudeten amaJalimane wathembisa ukuzimela. Kodwa iqembu geynleynovskih amaNazi sokucasuka izibhelu lendawo, bese yena wacela usizo evela eJalimane. Ngemuva kwenyanga lathunjwa Austria, olugqugquzelwa Hitler Geynleyn ezihlongozwayo eCzechoslovakia eziningi izidingo.

Nakuba uhulumeni wenze eziningi ezivuna ku umbuzo Sudeten amaJalimane, amaJalimane ngimalile nokubambisana. Icebo lika, abantu abashone kulesi sigameko wakhulela Septhemba geynleynovtsami. Germany ezamenyezelwa Fraykorpa - Army of the Sudeten amaJalimane. Zacindezelwa "umbimbi" Sasentshonalanga eFrance naseNgilandi, eCzechoslovakia waphoqeleka ukuba uthathe yonke imigomo elidumile German sasayinwa ka-September 30 njengoba Isivumelwano Munich.

Ngokushesha langena amabutho Sudetenland Wehrmacht. Izinkulungwane zababaleki bethutheleka emadolobheni amakhulu yeCzechoslovakia. On insimu Sudeten uvinjelwe eCzech ulimi, ifulege, party, amaphephandaba kanye nokunye. Kuphela ngo-1945, ngemva wenkululeko yezwe, le Sudeten amaJalimane bexoshwa ensimini futhi kule ndawo baphinde bathutha eCzechoslovakia.

Karkonosze National Park

Amakhulu amakhilomitha kulo lonke elaseYurophu yelula Sudeten Mountains. Photo izindawo amazing edonsela abagibeli abavela kulo lonke amakhona umhlaba. Iphuzu okuphawuleka nakakhulu lapha Karkonosze National Park. Kubandakanya yonke eliphakeme Ukhahlamba uhlelo - Karkonosze, beyizidalwa eziphakeme kunazo kukhona intaba kweqhwa. Park ngo-1959. Ngokushesha ngaphansi izindawo ezikhethekile Ukuvikelwa athathwa yinhle kakhulu ngendlela engavamile: rocks endaweni lapho imigodi akhiwa ngesikhathi Ice Age, ohlanzekile moraine echibini, buttes, ne ukuma kumnandi, izimpophoma ubude. Ngo-1992, esiqiwini Karkonosze kuwo wonke la ubuhle sathathwa wokuvikela we-UNESCO.

Karkonosze - the Massif esiphezulu Sudetenland. esetshenziswa Ngaphambili amanye amagama - ezintabeni Snowy, zintaba. Le ndawo okokuqala yingcweti abantu ekhulwini XI. Walloons babe lapha abafuna of amatshe ayigugu, amaminerali kanye amatshe. Zayishiya ezindongeni emihumeni okufakiwe yinqaba ukuthi basazama wokufunda izazi-mlando.

Isici se-landscape kwepaki kuyinto juxtaposition elimangalisayo izintaba namaxhaphozi ngokwemvelo akuvamile. Indawo kuyinto enhle echibini wendawo. Rocks abe ukuma yinqaba.

Eastern Sudeten Mountains. Czarna Góra

The yokungcebeleka itholakala uxhaxha weqhwa. Nemithambeka abacebile amahlathi, ngakho iqhwa ihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele - November kuya ku-April. Ezimweni ezinhle sezulu umzila imbozwe amamitha kweqhwa ungqimba. Imikhondo ngokuvamile eyingozi futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho ride echwepheshile lapha.

Isimo sezulu esipholile senza nengqalasizinda ezinhle edonsela amakhulu skiers e ezintabeni Sudetenland. Izibuyekezo bathi ungakhululeka kahle, hamba Ukushushuluza, nesikhathi omkhulu nomndeni wonke.

Sudeten esijwayelekile. Zieleniec

Abantu abajwayele ukuvakasha kuyona Itholakala Eagle Izintaba emithambekeni Sergio, okuyinto eduze komngcele wasePoland-Czech. Isimo sezulu lapha ukhumbuza alpine. Iqhwa lide - kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-October kuya ekuqaleni kuka May. Eduze okungukuthi Dukshni Zdroj - Irizodi, okuyinto nje nje 13 km, ungakwazi kalula ukufinyelela eqhweni. Ehlobo ithule kepha indawo ebusika kufanele zibhalise kusengaphambili.

ingqalasizinda athuthukisiwe inikeza ngamakheshi eziningi akwenzeki emgqeni. amathrekhi Twenty yinkimbinkimbi ahlukahlukene ikuvumela ukugibela like Aces kanye Wabasaqalayo. Lilodwa lift ibalwa hhayi izivakashi, futhi onogada basemngceleni namasosha. Kukhona epaki iqhwa lapho snowboarders ungakwazi ukugibela. ukukhanyisa Artificial - kusuka 8 emizileni kubalandeli of ebusuku uhamba eqhweni.