Engine K20A: Izici kanye nokubuyekeza

K20A injini - kuyinto yesimanje ezimbili-litre uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi four cylinder uphethiloli injini, okuyinto oluqanjwe Honda Motor Co. Ltd. Motor yalolu hlobo efakwe onobuhle eziningi zanamuhla izimoto, "Honda". Okwamanje, lokhu injini kakhulu ukusebenza okuphezulu futhi ephelele serial "inhliziyo" brand "Honda".

Engine K20A: ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe

Njengoba kakade kumenyezelwa, iyunithi efakwe emotweni phambi wheel drive. I kokucindezelwa ratio umndeni injini kuhluka imodeli kukhombisa. Volume - 2.0 amalitha, inani valve - 16. Amandla kusekelwe imoto senzelwe ukufakwa injini. "Waklinywa" inguqulo eba 150 hp. . S, kuyilapho Analogue ngenxa yokushayela esebenzayo futhi beqiniseka - 220 l. a. torque engu eliphezulu lingu injalo ingashintshile futhi luyehluka in the uhla kusuka 179 Nm ukuba 206 Nm.

It kuzuza esiphezulu kushiwo ngejubane elingafani: kusukela 4000 r / m ziphethe 7000 r / m. electronics Kukhawuliswe 8500 r / m - ngesivinini esiphezulu lapho injini uyakwazi ukuqhuba K20A ezimbili-litre. Imininingwane yalolu phiko ubhekwa eziphambili kakhulu phakathi izimbangi.

Indawo

"Uphi inombolo K20A injini?" - abashayeli abaningi babuza lo mbuzo. Iqiniso ukuthi akulula kangako ukuthola inombolo. Kumele ube nolwazi ezinye. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze siqonde lapho igumbi K20A injini, kubalulekile ukuba banake imbobo Izinsimbi kurediyetha, ngemuva okuyinto isiqhebezo kwenzakalani.

Ngemva kwalokho, usebenzisa ithoshi kufanele ugcizelele leyo ngxenye yenjini, esemgwaqweni phakathi ikhanda uMbhalo bese kurediyetha Izinsimbi, futhi bheka ngembobo eheleni i-engela 45 degrees. Uma sibona inombolo oyifunayo injini kuhlulekile, sicela uthintane egunyaziwe Service Centre ngombuzo ezifanele.

Engine K20A: kudivayisi

Engine ilungiselelo isihlobo emzimbeni imoto - esiphambanweni esetshenziswa uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi four cylinder ilungiselelo. Sikakhiye zibaliwe ukuze owokuqala sise isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo crankshaft. Camshafts, ngasendleleni, zingabantu ezimbili, ezibekwe phezu. Ezisetshenzisiwe uketshezi lwaluyophola.

Lonke uchungechunge izinjini K20A anemisila umphini variable uhlelo isikhathi, VTC futhi VTEC valve lift ukuphakama. VTEC uhlelo yena, kungenziwa igcwaliseke kokubili imiphini, futhi kuphela itheku. Lokhu ipharamitha - umehluko oyinhloko kusukela K20A6 injini K20A.

Block isilinda nenhloko isilinda

Block isilinda ziphonswe kusukela ingxubevange aluminium usebenzisa GDC ubuchwepheshe. Ukuze andise rigidity unit main amabombo main ebalulekile ivaliwe isivalo phansi ukuthi unamathele block 24 nge imishudo. Ukuze kuphole block isilinda elisetshenziswa iziteshi ekhethekile lapho ukupholisa notshwala uketshezi. Ukuze gcoba pistons, crankshaft nama-rod yokuxhuma, kanye ukuphakela uwoyela kuya Jets uwoyela, lonke uhlelo isetshenziswa iziteshi ekhethekile ovundlile. Front end iyunithi ifakwe isiteshi mpo ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amafutha ekhanda isilinda.

Inhloko isilinda ziphonswe kusukela ingxubevange aluminium. Valve igiya esekelwe camshafts ezimbili (DOHC). Ukuhanjiswa kwe camshafts anikezwa nge chain exhunywe kwi-crankshaft. Inhloko isilinda ubuye embhedeni camshafts. Njengoba yena ukukhwezwa rocker izingalo ayingxenye VTEC uhlelo. Injini entsha isebenzisa izinto eziphambili, lokho kukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukudleka isisindo isiphethu amathuba ukuthi iyiphi kunyakaza resonant.

Crankshaft futhi camshafts

I crankshaft ezenziwe ngensimbi futhi pyatiopornym. Kuncike ukusetshenziswa iyunithi balancer kushaft le crankshaft counterweights eziyisishiyagalombili ezifakiwe. Uma balancer kushaft iyunithi sishoda, wabe esesebenzisa counterweights ezine nje. Amafutha yanikezwa crankshaft nge isiteshi ekhethekile, okuyinto aphethwe uMbhalo main. On Sock injini crankshaft ngokufanele igiya drive isikhathi futhi ukushayela futha uwoyela.

camshaft ngamunye haya umsebenzi wayo: omunye usebenza valve eyanele, elinye - the qeda. valve elawulwa futhi injini K20A igebe drive yabo wenziwa esebenzisa ekhethekile Ukulungiswa ngezikulufo. Ngamunye has ezinhlanu camshaft eziveza namajenali. Ukuze wenze Lubrication we Cams namajenali nge amafutha engine, kuqala engena rocker ingalo Iyunithi VTEC uhlelo ke ngendlela amavesi amafutha akhethekile zazo ngokufanele kwi camshaft lesibili nenombolo yeriferensi yasebhange wesibeletho. Isikhathi umphini eyanele kuyinto okuzenzakalelayo futhi wenziwa nge VTC uhlelo.

I chain drive futhi tensioner isikhathi drive chain

Valve igiya kulolu hlobo injini kuqhutshwa nge ukudluliswa chain. Kukhona tensioner ekhethekile, siqhutshwa uwoyela ingcindezi, bese ilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo esishubile iketango isikhathi. Ukuqeda ezingadingekile wesifunda oscillations, kukhona ekhethekile dampers yayo, okuyinto efakwe phezulu futhi ohlangothini. Ukuze unciphise inani umsindo ngesikhathi ukusebenza isikhathi wesifunda isinyathelo lwenteke ukwehla isitimela drive.

Ukupholisa ngomoya kanye Lubrication uhlelo

K20A injini ifakwe uketshezi Ukupholisa uhlelo yohlobo avaliwe. Cooling uketshezi ujikeleziswe ngenkani. Ibhande, esebenza ngoba ashukumisa amayunithi ensikeni, libangela futha kokupholisayo. Thermostat ne valve dlula, eklanyelwe ukugcina elikhulu Ukupholisa lokushisa, itholakala uvule imbobo itheku ngokuba kokupholisayo. Le divayisi inquma lapho embuthanweni, encane noma enkulu, ake ketshezi kuphole kurediyetha.

Amafutha ukhonza gcoba injini, lidlulisela ukugeleza yokuhlanza ngokugcwele futhi wondla ngaphansi kwengcindezi ku main ezihambayo izingxenye kanye injini izingxenye. Ezisetshenzisiwe futha uwoyela uhlobo trochoid. Ngaphakathi lokhu futha has ezimbili Rotor - the kwenceku nenkosi yayo, ukubandakanyeka - wangaphakathi. Bayahlabelela ijikelezwe kwelinye direction. Isenzo futha is eliqhutshwa neketanga kusukela crankshaft. Lemifanekiso uwoyela itholakala ezansi endaweni evundlile. Amafutha cooler elise phakathi lemifanekiso uwoyela block injini, kusiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokushisa amafutha, okuyinto enikeziwe ohlelweni injini yezihlanganisi.

Umjovo uphethiloli phakathi K20A injini: kudivayisi kwebalingisi kanye

Uhlelo fuel injection, isetshenziswa kulesi injini kuyinto uhlelo PGM - FI (noma PGI - zahlelwa Okokhelekayo Injection), okuvumela ezilandelanayo multipoint umjovo.

Okungaguquki fuel ingcindezi Umlawuli kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulawula ingcindezi uphethiloli nge futha sidla ngaphansi okuyinto ngokusebenzisa lemifanekiso ekhethekile kuzo zonke injectors. Ukuze lula uhlelo fuel, wonge isikhala futhi siwethembe kakhudlwana uhlelo fuel injection futhi ukusebenza kwawo, nophethiloli izihlungi esihle futhi yokuhlanza indawo, inzwa kokukhonza ebonisa fuel ezingeni nophethiloli ingcindezi Regulator achithayo ngonyaka izindlu fuel futha.

Kususelwa ukufundwa izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, control unit ulungisa inani ingxube ukuthi iyadingeka ukuze umjovo, indlela yokwakheka ingxube, futhi isikhathi ukuthungela. Ngokuhambisana ukufundwa inzwa umoya-mpilo futhi indlela yokwakheka ingxube inzwa okuyinto efakwe umfula we kulethe ohlelweni qeda, iyunithi ukulawula lingakhetha izingoma ezahlukene amafutha kanye emoyeni ingxube. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibala inani uphethiloli yanikezwa injini umsebenzi K20A umjikelezo, futhi lokho ukwenza ngamazinga ukulandelana elandelayo:

1. Ukuya unqume ukuthi afeze umjovo fuel kuyadingeka.
2. Iqala kwencazelo mode lapho imoto ihamba. Le modi kuyinto isikhundla ukubala, lapho isinyathelo namafutha. Futhi kunqunywa isivinini imoto futhi izinga lapho crankshaft uzungeza ngumuntu amasignali Ukufundwa inzwa.
3. Uqala i ukubala owandulelayo fuel injection lemali esekelwe imvamisa lapho crankshaft phendula, futhi ku-izinkomba ezikhishwe ngokuphelele ingcindezi inzwa ku ezininginingi eyanele. Lapho lokhu kufinyelelwa okungcono uphethiloli umnotho nemingcele uma ushayela ezimeni ezahlukene.
4. control unit ngokuphindaphindiwe ofunda amasignali lapho kuhlinzekwa izinzwa: mpintsha valve isikhundla, izinga lokushisa emoyeni itheku, Isibandisi lokushisa, kudivayisi umfutho womoya, izinga lomoya-mpilo, ukubunjwa ingxube, voltage battery umphini electropneumatic ukuvulwa kohlelo recirculation. Ngokusekelwe kulezi izinkomba kwenzeka ukuchibiyela ngaphambilini ibalwa fuel ubuningi.
5. Kuphetha isenzo - uhlelo lokulawula kuveza isignali kanjani fuel okuningi kuyadingeka ukuze uthumele ohlelweni.

Ukuze andise ukusebenza kahle, ukuqinisekisa amandla omlilo ngokuphelele amafutha kanye ekhethekile Imibhobho esemzimbeni esetshenziswa fafaza ngcono, esemgwaqweni at izimbobo 8-9.

I-control unit ofunda ulwazi kusukela izinzwa we camshaft futhi crankshaft, ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yiziphi amasilinda kuyadingeka ukwenza ukugeleza ingxube okwamanje, futhi okwamanje Umjovo.

I control unit ifakwe umsebenzi ukuvikelwa ukuminyana ezingadingekile. Lokhu kuvumela sokuqeda ngokuzenzakalelayo umjovo fuel lapho shaft crank uzungeza ngebelo idlula ovumelekile esiphezulu. Ngenxa manipulations ezifana isivinini injini iconsi kwenzeka.

ukuhlola

Kufanele kuqashelwe nokuhlola uhlelo, ngawo K20A injini. Izici and inqubo umsebenzi siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

1. An-control unit electronic (ECU) ine uhlelo oluhlangene zokuxilonga, oveza ngokuqhubekayo ethungatha nesimo injini ngu amasignali izinzwa ezihlukahlukene. Endabeni ka ukungasebenzi uhlelo liyibiza futhi asenza umshayeli by isebenze inkomba Hlola injini iphaneli sensimbi. Ngakho kukhona irekhodi okuhambisanayo scan nekhodi ISO 15031-6 amakhodi ejwayelekile nomkhiqizi ngqo imemori computer.
2. Ukuze wenze ukufunda amakhodi zokuxilonga, kudingeka ukuba uxhume isithwebuli ekhethekile isixhumi DLC. Kukhona ukhetho ukususa amakhodi futhi Freeze idatha Uzimele ufundwe usebenzisa isithwebuli. Isixhumi uphethwe eyenziwe Sae ejwayelekile, kanye okukhipha № 7 ekhiqizwa ngokuhambisana international ISO ejwayelekile. Lesi siphetho asekelwe exchange of ulwazi K-LINE.
3. Lapho uqopha ingxenye amakhodi kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-algorithm unezigaba ezimbili. It is lisetshenziswe ngendlela yokuthi ngesikhathi kuqubuka izinkinga ngesikhathi sawo esilotshiwe kumemori ikhompyutha. Uma le nkinga kwenzeka futhi yokusebenza umjikelezo olandelayo, kulesi simo, futhi senziwa Hlola Engine ukukhanya. Ukushayela № test 2 olwenziwa ngendlela efanayo futhi okufanayo drive mode, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba phakathi nowe kudingeke ukuthi uvale i-ukuthungela.
4. Uma kukhona iphutha, khona-ke izimo Kwakuthi ngaphansi kwazo, ezilotshwe kwimemori computer (Misa Uzimele).

Air eyanele uhlelo secondary air

I ezininginingi engayitholi ogibele K20A injini, ise phambi, phakathi kurediyetha nenhloko isilinda. Ukuthweswa iziqu - kunalokho, emhlane, eduze esihlalweni ngodonga injini gumbi engangikulo.

Ukuthengisela emoyeni esengeziwe Imibhobho esemzimbeni Kwenziwa nge uhlelo ehlukile. I-fuel injected injini sihamba isinyathelo ukuxubana emoyeni enikeziwe esisiza uphethiloli ihwamuke kangcono futhi iyashelela ukulungiselela uphethiloli emoyeni ingxube. Nalokhu ungakwazi ukufeza iyunifomu ngaphezulu amandla omlilo inqubo, ngisho noma ingxube mafutha. Umphumela wale izenzo ukunciphisa inani hydrocarbon ku igesi qeda kanye zokusiza abandayo injini isiqalo. Leli payipi ukupholisa eline-valve elawula moya. Izinga wokuvula yayo ilawulwa kuye ushintsho umthamo wax, nakho kuncike lokushisa uketshezi ukukhonza lwaluyophola.

Eyanele kanye qeda manifolds, qeda gas uhlelo

I ezininginingi engayitholi senziwa aluminium ingxubevange futhi kungenziwa ifakwe izinguquko ohlelweni geometry. Exhaust ezininginingi ezenziwe ngensimbi, okuyinto kusiza ekunciphiseni isisindo sayo.

I ezemidlalo nguqulo ye emotweni, "Honda" linanomgudu ekhethekile ukukhwezwa ngaphakathi okokunciphisa umsindo. Isetshenziselwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana lapho reverse qeda gas ukukhululwa. Ivula valve a ingcindezi lapho kuphakama ngamazinga eliphezulu ukujikeleza speed crankshaft. Kulokhu, amagesi qeda ukushiya okokunciphisa umsindo ngaphandle ukumelana.

Kukhethwa uwoyela

Mhlawumbe njalo umnikazi imoto abanesifiso sokwazi lamafutha esikhundleni. Yikuphi amafutha ukugcwalisa? K20A injini elihle kunawo "kuhoxiswe" phezu igrisi ekhaya.

Njengoba K umndeni izinjini kukhona vysokooborotisty Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nomkhakha we amafutha ezifanele ukusetshenziswa lincishisiwe. Ngokuvamile, njenganoma iyiphi umakhi, "Honda" incoma ukugcwalisa amafutha ukukhiqizwa yayo siqu. uwoyela Isici wathela incike range lokushisa lapho imoto siqhutshwa. Kodwa uma ungakwazi uthele amafutha kwemboni, abanye abanikazi imoto ukuncoma imikhiqizo Mitasu yenkampani noma Zeppro Idemitsu njengoba okunye okuhle.

kungazelelwe Uma kwakukhona kungqongqoza K20A injini sump, asikho isizathu bangabaze ukuxhumana sesevisi noma eseduze yesevisi esiteshini abanekhono. Ngokuvamile, inkinga nje ekukhetheni okubi wamafutha, ezimweni okungalungile yenjini.

umbono abanikazi imoto

Ngenxa yokuthi sha "Honda" izinjini ezidume ngokuba nokwethenjelwa kanye nokusebenza high, izimoto ngokwabo ziye kwakuqala ukwanda okukhulu ngokusiza phakathi eyehlukene futhi tigaba emhlabeni wonke.

Uma umsebenzisi idinga evenini compact, ungakwazi ukuthenga "Honda Stream". K20A injini, okuyinto libuyekeza omuhle kakhulu, nje "inhliziyo" yemoto. Dynamic ukusebenza ukushayela izici brand imoto uye wakwenza omunye ethandwa kakhulu izimoto nomndeni emhlabeni jikelele. Yena uphelele umndeni kuyiwe epikinikini, kanye ukuvakashelwa kunoma uhambo olude.

Enye imoto kakhulu umndeni nge namandla athe xaxa okwengamela usebenzisa injini efanayo - "Honda Stepvagon". K20A ivumela ngisho evenini enkulu futhi onzima kangaka ngokuqiniseka ame endleleni futhi kunika baphikisi ube nesiqalo esihle.

Uma umnikazi wemoto - lapho umuntu esemusha kuvelela noma nje uthanda ijubane ukushayela ride isidina ke kulula ukuze kulingane "Honda Integra" noma "Honda Civic" kanye edume uphawu Uhlobo R. Lezi zimoto zaziwa nokwethenjelwa, kukhuphuke umzimba rigidity nokuzinza elikhulu. Amazinga aphakeme Dynamics okubangelwa ukufakwa K20A 220-eqinile.

injini Njengoba enamandla futhi enokwethenjelwa isetshenziswa imoto ukhululekile elide zokuhamba - "Honda Accord" ngohlamvu sporty kanye nesiginesha Euro-R. Kulesi ukumisa imoto Ingasheshisa ukuze uwine "bangamakhulu" imizuzwana engaphansi kwengu-ayisishiyagalombili!

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi injini "Honda" K20A - kungcono ithuba elikhulu Ukuthuthukisa cishe kunoma iyiphi phambi wheel drive imoto. Okwamanje, lapho iyithuluzi lusetshenziswa ukufakwa ngezimoto Vaz yeshumi umndeni. Ngokuvamile, umnikazi wemoto yasekhaya ukuthenga inkontileka K20A injini bese ufake ngokushintsha uhlelo yasibamba futhi uzivumelanise ngaphansi lobuchwepheshe izidingo imoto yakho ke.