Esifanekisweni Diorite kaFaro. Khafre (Chephren) - umbusi wesine laseGibhithe

impucuko basendulo baseGibithe has iminyaka eminingi yabakhanga abacwaningi, okubangela impikiswano eshubile. Ukugcina eziningi ezingaxazululeki izimfihlakalo isiko inikeza yizimanga eziningi.

mbhoshongo abahlukile elakhiwa III yeminyaka BC, akumangalisi ngisho ochwepheshe lanamuhla amakhono consummate nokucubungula emangalisayo ngetshe elilodwa. No kancane imfihlakalo is ezibaziweyo ngezinto eziqinile ukubaza ongumGibhithe ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla.

Ezenziwe esifanekisweni diorite lethempeli uFaro Khafre sika emakhazeni esikukhompiyutha kwaba njalo ososayensi nesithakazelo. Riddle ke wukuthi izingcweti wendawo akazange abe amathuluzi ayezosenza ukucubungula idwala engapheli. Njengoba abavubukuli uthi, izikhumbuzo emangalisa komlando Ancient Egypt zenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ukuthi idlule izikhathi eziningana namuhla.

eziyinkimbinkimbi omngcwabo

Izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke beze Giza Plateau, okuyinto ungumuzi omkhulu ukuthi ubamba izakhiwo emathuneni oFaro baseGibithe nezindlovukazi. Sekuyinto sithakazelise kuzo zonke izihambi eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuvumela eduze izimfihlakalo imibhoshongo kanye touch of impucuko esidlule. Ezisebenza insimu yalo, abacwaningi ukuchaza ukuthi Giza ithafa - akuyona kuphela indawo enomlando nezakhiwo zakudala, kodwa futhi zenkolo.

Omkhulu Pyramid Ngaphezu kwalokho zonke ezaziwayo, kukhona ithuna faro Chephren noma Khafre kancane eliphansi in ubukhulu ukuze ukwakhiwa ezaziwayo. Kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi isiko, ezakhiwe oda umbusi waseGibithe, izivakashi eziningi cabanga ke omunye amahle kakhulu.

Kancane amaqiniso angokomlando mayelana kwelizayo

Ngo EGibhithe lasendulo, lo faro is emangalisayo ahlonishwe ngokuqhathanisa noNkulunkulu. Njengoba sinikezwe namandla amakhulu ababusi zazifunde abantu abathatha ingxenye kuzo zonke izindaba ezibalulekile yezwe. Ukumelwa yezakhamuzi zendawo kwangemva kokufa kwayo eye yaba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kanye nasekuqalisweni ukwakhiwa nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe, okuyinto empeleni emathuneni.

Namathisela kakhulu ihlelo ukufa oFaro eyakhelwe amathuna abo kusengaphambili. AbaseGibhithe babekholelwa ukuthi kwelizayo - iyona khona okuqhubekayo umhlaba, futhi isimo esiyinhloko kwathatha elinye izwe baba ukulondolozwa esiyisibopho igobolondo lomuntu okungokwenyama.

Ilungelo ukungafi

Kuyinto akukho ngozi zabaseGibithe bamgqumisa ngokucophelela isidumbu umufi bephethe yonke into oyidingayo ukuze ugcwalise yabafileyo izinto ezihlukahlukene ukuthi kungase kudingeke. Ngokwenkolelo kokuqala, kuphela oFaro babe nempilo emva kokufa, kodwa kamuva ababusi baseGibhithe babephiwe amakhono okunikeza ukungafi nabathandekayo babo ukwazi.

Ukuphela Old Kingdom kwaphawulwa ukuqashelwa kwelungelo wonke umuntu kwelizayo.

Umbusi waseGibhithe Chephren

UFaro Khafre, ogama esifanekisweni isithakazelo Amazing, owayengumbusi Old Kingdom Dynasty IV. ezikhumbuzo Okuncane langaleso sikhathi eyafika ilandelana ngayo kithi, ukuze amaqiniso amaningi yomlando wakhe ayithembeki, ngisho neminyaka yokuphila imbangela ukungaqondani. Somlando omdala waseGibhithe lasendulo bakholelwa ukuthi Khafre isimo obusa engaba ngu-25.

Namuhla Heffron Waziwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa mbhoshongo lesibili ngobukhulu e-Giza. Ukuma lo faro, ngubani indodana Cheops (Khufu) kanye kubambile amandla ngemva kokuba uyise nomfowabo Djedefre, ibuyiselwe eziqoshiwe kahle walondoloza wethuna.

ithafa engcwele

UPlato ekuqaleni njengengcwele, ngakho omngcwabo izakhiwo ezakhiwa kuso. UFaro Khafre, phambili ecabanga kwathatha kwelizayo, wayala ukwakha mbhoshongo eduze kwethuna Cheops.

Ekuqaleni ukuphakama mbhoshongo kwaba 144 metres, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kube unqabile kancane, elingazange kuthinte isimo sawo sibe sihle. Lime kwaba eziyisisekelo zokwakha alenzele isihlawulelo, futhi base uphahlwe egwadle pink.

Isivivane, egcwele okukakhenoni

UFaro Khafre wafisa ukuthi wawudlula ethuneni mbhoshongo yobukhulu sikayise, kodwa ngesikhathi kwakhiwa kwathi ukwakhiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi omkhulu akunakwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

Kukholakala ukuthi isakhiwo iphiramidi kanye isakhiwo yayo nge kuvulandi, igalari kanye nasembonini esikhethekile izitsha isiko esikhathini Crypt kwaba ohlwini lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli. Ngokwe-standard yaqala esizokwakhiwa zonke ezinye izakhiwo nokungcwaba.

Lokho kwakuhlanganisa isakhiwo omngcwabo?

Ekuqaleni, eduze mbhoshongo ka Khafre lalilincane yokungcwaba isakhiwo kuyiphi kulezi zinsuku is nalutho. Cishe, lapho wangcwatshwa kosikazi Pharaoh.

ethempelini omngcwabo eyakhelwe egwadle amabhlogo esikhulu kanjalo, amandla aso Kwasimangaza: block ubude babuyizingalo 5 amamitha, isisindo ngamunye wabo safinyelela amathani amane. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XVIII ke usesimweni eyanelisayo, kuyilapho bendawo akababhubhisanga ukwakhiwa kodonga. Ngaphakathi kuwo kukhona izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu amaningana faro.

Isakhiwo kuhlanganisa udonga umgoqo phakathi izindawo, imigwaqo kanye isonto aphansi, lapho diorite esifanekisweni we faro kwatholakala. Khafre, ngubani ngiphuphe isakhiwo ngokubabazekayo, wakhulelwa phezu compactness we isakhiwo yisakhiwo sodumo. Ukusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi umngcwabo, abavubukuli baye bathola ukuthi uma endaweni enkulu yesikhala samahhala akuyona kakhulu - esingaphansi 0.01 per cent.

Kuyini ngaphakathi ocijile?

I yangaphakathi mbhoshongo design lalinabashumayeli amakhamera amabili nokokufaka. Kukhona esidayisa encane egumbini, okuyinto wasala konke ungakapheli, futhi injongo yayo ayaziwa. I gumbi lokungcwaba, idwala ngaphakathi aqoshiwe, egwadle sarcophagus nalutho oba ngesivalo eziphukile.

Abaphangi, wamba isikhamo Umhubhe ukuze uthole ngaphakathi, futhi konke uhlala abavubukuli - abanye yehle ngo amapharele kanye kukakhokho isiko isitsha, okuyinto iqanjwe iPhini kaNkulunkulu. Asisekho isikhala ngaphakathi mbhoshongo kukhona.

Kancane kancane lakhula bazungeza enkulu yamathuna yangempela lapho umzimba waphumula wonke amalungu womndeni Khafre.

Ithuna yompristi nezihlobo zakhe

Eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, abavubukuli baye bathola eduze kwamathuna ethuneni umpristi likaFaro ohlala phakathi nokubusa kwakhe kwaholela sehlelo emakhazeni. Wayengase ukunikeza ukungafi ukuba zonke izihlobo, kanye lesi sakhiwo ayebonisa ukuthi amaGibhithe abavamile Uthole ilungelo kwelizayo.

eziqoshiwe eziningi kaFaro

On ithafa engcwele ababusi abaningi laseGibhithe futhi izihlobo zabo sangcwatshwa, kodwa abanye ungenalo mshini olulodwa. Kodwa ku ukubaza eziningi, zatholwa abavubukuli, wabonakala njengoba umbusi Khafre Nkulunkulu. UFaro waseGibhithe lasendulo yayimelelwe ngesilevu umthethosivivinywa bese isikhafu ekhanda lakhe, futhi akekho uDagoni wayengafani nabanye. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku ukuthi akuvumelekile izicucu ezifanayo.

Ukuqopha, ekuqaleni kuhlala imigodi kwelinye amahholo mbhoshongo, kamuva baxoshwa kubo, bathola izinsalela leqembu ucwaningo ngo-1860. Ngeshwa, eminye yale emifanekisweni abalahlekelwe ekhanda nasemzimbeni.

Akwaziwa walondoloza kahle alabhaste esifanekisweni we Khafre faro, ligcinwe Cairo Museum. Phakathi ziphephile kuyinto yangasese ngalendoda ikhanda kaFaro enomqhele plastic umbala omhlophe. University of Leipzig uyaziqhenya umbusi izembatho zemikhosi, nezinkophe ahlotshiswe nezingcwecwe zethusi zokunyathelisa.

Esifanekisweni edume kunazo diorite

Kodwa edumile emhlabeni wonke kwaba ukuqaliswa amnyama yobude obugcwele, ne emithanjeni ukukhanya, esifanekisweni diorite kaFaro. Khafre, owabusa eGibhithe lasendulo, ngeqholo ehlezi esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi, okuyinto zibonakala ezansi imbali uwuphawu-lotus futhi nge-papyrus. kobuso benkosi serene and akusho ukubonisa ukukhathazeka.

Physical ukuthuthukiswa vicegerent kaNkulunkulu emhlabeni, begqoke emfushane ibheshu, emelela ukuthula okuphelele, futhi kubukeka sengathi iqondiswe kuze kube phakade.

Statue kaFaro Khafre esuka ethempelini Giza

Phakathi itshali isiko bambozé ikhanda lakhe kuyinto uheshe, ukwangana nokuvikela wamaphiko enkulu kaFaro eyeluliwe. kuvezwa Ngakho umlingisi kankulunkulu noHorus - amandla main yasezulwini, izitolo zonke namakhosi aseGibhithe kanye nezwe lazo. Omunye isandla Khafre ekhululekile elele edolweni, kanye nezinye ngokuqinile. Ezansi kwesihlalo sobukhosi, eduze kwezinyawo ayinyabule umbusi, wanyathela igama lakhe.

esifanekisweni eliphucuziwe kaFaro Khafre okukhulunywa ngaye, ukudalulwa okuyinto kukhulunywe kangaka lososayensi, kugcina imfihlakalo ezingaxazululeki kuze kube yilolu suku. Kukholakala ukuthi umfanekiso namaqiniso enjalo kungaphansi emasikweni canons lasendulo: ukuthi umphefumulo kamufi babekwazi ukungena esifanekisweni, kwakudingekile ukuhlonza esifanekisweni. Futhi kuphela ke umoya wombusi, futhi wathatha izicelo wagcwalisa konke ukuzidela okuhilelekile.

wobuciko ezweni

Singasho ukuthi izwe isibe wobuciko real futhi lesikhumbuzo oluvelele komlando esifanekisweni diorite kaFaro. Khafre (isithombe ukubaza okwethulwa kulesi sihloko) sikhombisa umbusi nandaba, ngokuba ngaphandle ngemvelo womuntu. Kubonakala sengathi i-Arbiter umphefumulo lubhakuza endaweni ethile ephezulu, ungawunaki olwandle lokuphila.

Ngubani umqophi ezingaziwa, skilfully kusetshenzwe idwala eqinile futhi kahle idlulisa sezici ezinhle kakhulu, akwaziwa okwamanje. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lo muntu wayengumJuda?

Esifanekisweni we Khafre faro, atholakala 1860 e Giza, omunye izingcezu ezibalulekile iCairo Museum. Lena isibonelo esivelele eliphakeme ukuthuthukiswa yobuciko baseGibhithe lasendulo namasiko.

ebaziwe Izimfihlakalo Sphinx kanye Khafre

isithakazelo Omkhulu ayigcini nje abathandi abavamile komlando wasendulo, kodwa abacwaningi emhlabeni wonke esifanekisweni we faro. Khafre, kubhekwa phakathi nabaseGibithe babekhulekela unkulunkulu wayala ukuqoba ubuso bakhe kwenye esifanekisweni grand ekugcineni obuvunjululwe ungqimba Kweminyaka isihlabathi ekhulwini XX.

Sikhuluma ebaziwe oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke futhi omkhulukazi, okuthakazelisayo izingqondo ososayensi, nakubantu okudala zonke izihambi. ebaziwe Ezivelele aqoshwe kusukela limestone, okubangela eziningi mpikiswano. Enza isimangaliso esikulu kunazozonke Egypt zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu kuqamba nge Khafre omngcwabo eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ubuso Sphinx sifana ebusweni bukaFaro

Unogada kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe

Eyayiqoshwe mbhoshongo idwala unogada, sise unyawo lwayo, ngokuvumelana ososayensi, wakha phakathi nokubusa Khafre. AbaseGibithe bamdweba njengengonyama, ubani ufuna eMpumalanga, futhi iso yesithathu wababuka ukuphuma nokushona kwelanga ukukhanya.

uphawu Royal, ngokusho legend, njalo uphapheme, ukuze ngingasebenzisi nokwephula inkambo ilanga. AbaseGibhithe lasendulo babekholelwa ukuthi kuboniswa amakati zasendle ukubona kahle ebusuku, hhayi novala amehlo akhe ukuba yesibili. Sphinxes kwakhiwa phambi nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe, efuna ukuvikela izinsalela umbusi kwakhe kwaphezulu wezigebengu kuhlasela.

Ngo esifanekisweni, phinda ebusweni bukaFaro, akukho ekhaleni, okwabangela eziningi mbono kanjani lokhu kungenzeka. Ezinye izazi abathambekele ekukholelweni Kusolakala wacasulwa ibhola inganono phakathi nempi ye Napoleon ngokumelene abaseTurkey, kodwa abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuyingxenye ubuso wayesehambile ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka ngaphambi okwenzeka ngazo isenzakalo.

Puzzle, ososayensi okujabulisayo

Azikho lokusinda mbhalo wesandla wasendulo ngalezo zikhathi, okufanele ukuba kwakumangalisa okukhulunywa esifanekisweni omkhulu kwamamitha amabili kanye nobude obungamamitha angaphezu amahlanu nanhlanu. Abanye abacwaningi ukholelwa ukuthi sphinx ne babungubuso bengonyama lakhiwa impucuko ethile eside ngaphambi nabaseGibhithe lasendulo, futhi amalungelo Khafre owayefuna ukuhamba memory emkhulu futhi bayalwa ukuba ushintshe isithombe, ukugawula ngendlela yabo.

Ngu version ukuthi ukwakhiwa mbhoshongo ihlobene eduze kokungenela alien, abacwaningi abaningi abathambekele, ucabangela engamashumi amabili ekwakheni lesikhumbuzo eziyingqayizivele sincane kakhulu isikhathi ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo ezinjalo omkhulukazi.

Usosayensi R. Hoagland, sekuyisikhathi eside wahlanganyela esifundweni ezithombe nokwakheka kwe-Mars, ngathola iphiramidi kanye esifanekisweni nobuso bunjengobuso babantu ziyalingana efana waseGibhithe.

Njengoba bevela eziqoshiwe amandla

Kwagxila itshe esifanekisweni kaFaro Khafre nge uHorus Lishaya bemibuso akhethekile imigexo wesimanje zibonise ukwethembeka isimo sobuso nenkosi enamandla. Ithi amandla "bukhoma" lovela eziqoshiwe diorite.

Umuntu ngamunye esinamandla umbono ezibaziweyo esifanekisweni we faro. Khafre ufanekiselwe elivunyelwa ngangokunokwenzeka, bamshaya iyiphi ukunakekela emhlabeni lasemhlabeni, ukulungisa uyaziqhenya yakhe ukubukisisa nasesikhathini esizayo.

I ngempucuko yasendulo baseGibhithe ekujaheni ukumambula zonke izimfihlakalo zayo. Ososayensi ababandakanyekayo kusivivinyo nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe, baye baxwayisa ngokuthi ama-discovery amasha ngokuqinisekile ube ukushaqeka real esintwini. Futhi thina nje kufanele ulinde ...