FSO: emagama izifinyezo. Russian KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha: Isevisi, sokuqeqesha kanye nekheli

Uhlelo of abomthetho kunoma yiliphi izwe kuhlanganisa isakhiwo yayo inqwaba neminyango, ngalinye elikwazi wenza uhlu ezithile labo noma eminye imisebenzi. Ngesinye uwela umsebenzi ukufezeka nokusebenza-search ukusebenza ukuhlonza izinhloli angaphandle (counterintelligence), abanye okumelwe ubhekane nawo ukudalulwa amacala obugebengu, nabanye ekwenzeni imisebenzi ukuze kuvikeleke izikhulu. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe zikhona izinhlangano ezikhethekile zezokuvikela, usebenza ngendlela efanayo ezokuphepha ezimbonini ezizimele kanye nezinkampani lempi. Ukusungulwa anjenge kungenxa isidingo sokuqinisekisa lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela gaba isimo, osopolitiki ezibalulekile, osomaqhinga, nokunye. N. Ukuze ukuphathisa umsebenzi onjalo ebalulekile inhlangano yangasese kumane silly, ngoba akukuniki iziqinisekiso mayelana izenzo abangaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimfanelo zabo nazo ungabaza sina. Ngakho, ukwakha enhlanganweni kahulumeni, olungena ngokuphelele umsebenzi sokuvikeleka. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa i-ejensi ezifana ohlelweni komthetho Izidumbu Russian Federation ebizwe eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana FSO

Russian KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha - inkonzo Ukuvikelwa federal, okuyinto iyisevisi akhethekile ukwenza ukuvikelwa izikhulu zikahulumeni eziphezulu, abaholi yezwe, kanye ukuhlinzekwa kokuxhumana ephephile futhi ivikelwe. Le nhlangano kuyingxenye namasevisi ahlinzeke ukuphepha yezwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi-Russian KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha enegunya afeze usesho imisebenzi, kanye eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha, GFS, CBP nabanye. Isevisi kule nokwakheka izakhamuzi Russian ukuthatha kwahulumeni e izinhlaka lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela FSO, kanye namalungu inkontileka. Kufanele kuqashelwe kahle wadala futhi isakhiwo kunhlangano ye FSO. Sokuqonda izifinyezo inkonzo likwenza kucace ukuthi imisebenzi babelwa isakhiwo, kodwa ezinye amandla eziningi abantu abaqapheli. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kuhlolwe imisebenzi webhizinisi, udinga ukuhlola umlando wayo ocebile ngokuningiliziwe.

Iziphathimandla Ezokuphepha esikhathini bobukhosi

Umlando Labaqaphi State kuvela ngaphezulu kusukela ekhulwini XVII. Ngukhokho isakhiwo, okwakuyoholela ukuvikela kuphela le nkosi yayiyisazi Artamanov Mathewu. Lo muntu okokuqala ngqá ezihlongozwayo ukwaba inani elithile labantu kusukela musketeer regiments ukuvikela inkosi. Nokho, amayunithi ezinjalo azibona okhokhelwayo. Ngokwengxenye enkulu bedalwa umbutho wezempi ezivamile. kungathembeki yakhe yenhlangano enjalo awabonisa phakathi kwavukelwa Decembrist ngo-1825, lapho abaningi "Onogada bobukhosi 'phezu eceleni amavukelambuso. Eyokuqala emlandweni Russian Ukuvikelwa kahulumeni wabonakala ngokushesha nje ngo 1881. isakhiwo Its kuhlanganisa eziningana amayunithi, ngamunye okhona njengamanje owenza umsebenzi walo.

9th Division wama-KGB

Ukuwa autocracy, isidingo aqinisekise ukuphepha kwezingane ezihlukunyeziwe izikhulu eziphezulu zikahulumeni alukapheli. Lo magazini kubonakala ngempela ngokucijile phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet. Kwakudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa ngokuphelele zonke elite lamakhomanisi, agcina umshini wobushiqela. Umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka zazibethemba "kwesinye isandla" eyodwa kuphela uhlaka USSR - KGB. ukuphathwa 9 komthetho igunya kubhekwa ngukhokho FSO Russia. Ukuphathwa umsebenzele ukuvikela abaholi abaphezulu soMthetho woHulumeni neQembu LamaKhomanisi. Ukukhethwa lamaphoyisa senzeka ngempela sina. On the service amukela abaqeqeshiwe ngokwenyama, kakhulu indoda ekhaliphile ababenolwazi lezempi. Cishe bonke iqembu nezombusazwe ubuholi inikezwe onogada professional 9th-KGB.

Amakhanda, okuyinto avikelekile Control 9th

Phakathi "amaklayenti" lokhu umnyango babe ezifana zombangazwe ezivelele njengoba Mihail Sergeevich Solomentsev (inhloko yalawa Party Control iKomiti), Anatoly Lukyanov (Usihlalo of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1991), uBoris Karlovich Pugo, Nikita Sergeevich Hruschov nabanye. Ngo-1991, ukuphathwa ukhishiwe KGB, futhi 1996 wadalwa FSO, okuyinto okulotshiweyo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha.

izimiso ezisebenza kanye zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele

FSO WaseRussia umzimba federal okuyinto lucwaningo ukuphepha izinto ezithile Ukuvikelwa isimo ngesisekelo, search zomthetho ukusebenza, ukuphepha, zesikhungo kanye nezinye izinyathelo. Isisekelo esingokomthetho sakhiwo RF uMthethosisekelo, imithetho yombuso kanye nezinye izenzo normative-zomthetho olawula esiyindingiliza nezindaba isihlahla senzo. Act ukuthi indima ebalulekile iimvumelwano ngamazwe ayingxenye isisekelo esingokomthetho eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha. Kunezindlela eziningana imithetho elawula umsebenzi we FSO. Ngokuhamba evamile yebhizinisi ejensi enamathela ezimisweni, okuyilezi:

- inhlonipho nokuqashelwa kwamalungelo lokubalulekile Amalungelo;

- semthethweni yezenzo;

- ukuxhumana nezinye izinhlaka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha;

- inhlanganisela enqubeni izindlela ezisobala futhi esikhoselweni;

- ukulawula kanye nokuqondisa.

Ngakho kusukela ngenhla ukuthi imisebenzi ye FSO kuyinto luyingxenye yeningi esobala, nakuba ezingeni ekusithekeni ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo libanzi.

Imisebenzi esemqoka ezenziwa FSO

Umsebenzi umzimba usihlalo nguMongameli we Russian Federation. Umzimba main siqukethe imisebenzi elandelayo:

1) Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinto Ukuvikelwa endaweni yabo yokuhlala unomphela kanye ngokushesha, kanye ngokuhamba ukunyakaza kwabo.

2) ukukhonjwa, isibikezelo usongo, okungase kwenzeke izinto yokuvikela futhi bathathe zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile futhi bawabulale yayo.

3) Ukuqedwa awuphulwa into yokuvikela.

4) Prevention and Elimination of amacala kanye namanye amacala mayelana nokuvikelwa izinto noma phambi kwabo.

5) Ukuvikelwa Real-time lezinto sokuvikeleka.

6) wonke usizo kungenzeka wokulwa nobuphekula.

7) Ukukhulumisana Secure.

8) Imininingwane Ukuphikiswa intelligence ukuhlinzeka kwezokuxhumana kuhulumeni imfihlo.

9) Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha abasebenzi kanye nokuphathwa kwe-FSO.

Russian Academy of FSO

amavidyo okusha sokuvikelwa federal baqeqeshiwe futhi abaqeqeshiwe. Le sevisi itholakala kuwo wonke umuntu FSO ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba omdala insizwa has lezempi noma imfundo ephakeme. Iningi abasebenzi livela semfundo ephakeme ukuthi silungiselela Ochwepheshe Isevisi Federal. FSO Academy yasungulwa ngo 1966. Kule minyaka edlule, leli isikhungo yashintsha igama layo izikhathi eziningi, Nokho, umsebenzi wayo ayizange ithuthuke. FSO Academy liyingxenye kwemigwamanda enesibopho nokuvikeleka komphakathi. Linikeza imfundo ephakeme, esinikela inkonzo yezempi. ukuqeqeshwa isikhathi ziyahlukahluka kusuka eminyakeni 5 kuya ku-6, kuncike okukhethekile. Imfundo Academy lunikeziwe amakhono ezilandelayo:

- radio yezokuxhumana;

- Imininingwane nokuvikeleka;

- imizila izintambo zikathelefoni;

- zokuxhumana, ukuxhumana;

- zokuphepha zomthetho (umnyango wezomthetho).

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, abafundi kufanele ukudabula iminyaka 5 yesevisi, ngesikhathi esifanayo zinikelwe elisezingeni uLieutenant. Ngakho, FSO Academy - a semfundo ephakeme ukuthi izitimela Ochwepheshe ngoba eNhlangano KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha ku Russian Federation. Namuhla-ke ingenye izikhungo ohlonishwa kakhulu Russian Federation.

Kamongameli Isevisi yokuvikelwa

Unit ekubhekaneni ukuvikelwa obungokomzimba ngenxa yokuhlushwa njalo umongameli, kuyinto ekhethekile ohlelweni FSO. Kulungiswa imisebenzi yayo akunakwenzeka ngoba ulwazi ngomsebenzi wakhe ezihlobene izimfihlo isimo. Namuhla-ke ingenye amayunithi elite iningi Russian Federation. abasebenzi bayo ukunikeza ngokuvikelwa ngokwenyama kaMongameli WaseRussia, kanye afeze ukusebenza ekhethekile ukuze kuvinjelwe futhi ukuvimbela kokubulawa umongameli.

isiphetho

Ngakho, safike bajwayelane umlando nemisebenzi wemisebenti lebalulekile FSO. Sokuqonda yonke idatha kwi umsebenzi wenkonzo akunakwenzeka, ngoba umsebenzi wayo libhekwa. Noma kunjalo, lesi sihloko sichaza zonke iziqondiso, owawuthi Izikhungo Federal wenza imisebenzi yawo ngokupheleleko. Ikhumbula yimuphi ubumfihlo angacela noma mathupha ngesikhathi Russian KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha. ikheli Izikhungo enhloko-dolobha ingatholakala lwemibhalo, nakuba bonke eyaziwa: Russia, eMoscow, Kremlin.