Gravity: ifomula, kwencazelo

Kasibili zonke izidumbu yonke ungamandla imilingo is, ngandlela-thile edonsela ukuba umhlaba (noma kunalokho nucleus yayo). Ngizophephelaphi, ndawo yokufihla kusukela esibanzi adonsela phansi magic: amaplanethi ezisesimisweni sethu sikanozungezilanga bakhangwa hhayi kuphela ilanga elikhulu, kodwa futhi ukuba nomunye, zonke izinto, ama-molecule ama-athomu ezincane kunazo futhi Okusizayo bakhangwa. Isaak Nyuton, eyaziwa ngisho ezinganeni ezincane, wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe etadisha zalesi simo, setha komunye wemithetho omkhulu - umthetho wamandla adonsela phansi.

Kuyini amandla adonsela phansi?

Incazelo kanye ifomula isikhathi eside, futhi abaningi baziwa. Khumbula, amandla adonsela phansi - kuyinto inani elithile, omunye ukubonakaliswa zemvelo kwamandla adonsela phansi jikelele, okungukuthi, amandla ngawo wonke umzimba njalo bakhangwa Earth.

Amandla adonsela phansi luchazwa ngegama Latin incwadi F Strand.

Gravity: ifomula

Kanjani ukubala amandla adonsela phansi, ziqondiswe umzimba ethize? Yimaphi amanye amanani adinga ukwazi leyo? Ifomula kuhlaziywa amandla adonsela phansi ulula, ifundiswa ebangeni 7th esikoleni esiphakeme, ekuqaleni inkambo physics. Lokho akulula ukufunda, kodwa futhi ukuqonda, kumele babecabanga ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi, njalo esebenza kwi umzimba ngqo wakhona ubuningi bayo (mass).

Unit adonsela phansi yaqanjwa isazi omkhulu Newton.

Gravity (gravity) njalo ezikhomba iqonde phansi maphakathi core eMhlabeni, ngenxa umthelela yayo yonke umzimba ukuwa nombala yashesha phansi. Lo mkhuba adonsela phansi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke sibona yonke indawo futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi:

• izinto ngezikhathi noma ngokuqondile ukhululeka izandla, qiniseka iwa phansi (noma iyiphi indawo kuvimbela mahhala ukuwa);
• umkhankaso emkhathini isiphuphutheki akusho fly kude iplanethi i ibanga nanini perpendicularly phezulu, futhi ijikeleziswa i orbit;
• Yonke imifula igeleza isuka ezintabeni futhi asikwazi ukuguqulwa;
• Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu ewela futhi ilimele;
• zonke evele ahlale amancanyana Ucezwana ngothuli;
• emoyeni bagxila eduze kobuso bomhlaba;
• esindayo izikhwama;
• evela emafwini namafu econsa imvula, iqhwa ukuwa, nesichotho.

Kanye elithi "Amandla adonsela phansi", igama elithi "esisindo". Uma umzimba zingafakwa phezu flat ovundlile, isisindo sayo futhi amandla adonsela phansi kuyinto ngamanani alinganayo, ngakho amabili avame udidekile lapho ayilungile.

Ukusheshisa gravity

Umqondo "ukusheshisa gravity" (ngamanye amazwi, njalo okudonsa) ehambisana ne-elithi "Amandla adonsela phansi". Ifomula ebonisa ukuthi ukuze ukubala amandla adonsela phansi, isisindo kufanele iphindwe g (n zokuxhumana ukusheshisa ..).

"G" = 9,8 N / kg kuba njalo. Nokho, izilinganiso esinembile abonisa ukuthi ngenxa emhlabeni Ukujikeleza ukusheshisa ukubaluleka esibophezelayo. . N, kuye latitude: North Pole kuyinto = 9.832 N / kg, kuyilapho ngesikhathi sultry yenkabazwe = 9,78 N / kg. Ngakho, ezindaweni ezahlukene emzimbeni iplanethi nokuba mass alinganayo, ezahlukene ihlose amandla adonsela phansi (ifomula efanayo MG namanje uhlala ingashintshiwe). Ngezinhloso esisebenzayo, kwanqunywa ukuziba -Kunemaphutsa ekusebentiseni lokhu ezidlula, futhi ukusebenzisa ukubaluleka okulinganiselwa ku ka 9.8 N / kg.

Proportionality ezidlula ezifana amandla elanga adonsela phansi (ifomula ekufakazisa) ikuvumela ukukala isisindo into dynamometer (okufana yasendlini bizmen abavamile). Qaphela ukuthi idivayisi ibonisa umphumela kuphela, njengoba ukuze uthole isisindo ngqo odinga ukukwazi ukubaluleka "g" lesifunda.

Ingabe amandla adonsela phansi kunoma yisiphi (kanye naseduze) kude emathunjini omhlaba? Newton hypothesized ukuthi enza umzimba ngisho at amabanga amade uma liya emhlabeni, kodwa ukubaluleka kwaso incipha njengoba isikwele ephambene ibanga ukusuka into core eMhlabeni.

Gravity esimisweni sonozungezilanga

Zikhona nezinye amaplanethi amandla adonsela phansi? Izincazelo kanye namafomula ngokuhlobene kwamanye amaplanethi zisasebenza namanje. Nge umehluko kuphela ukubaluleka "g" omunye:

• Moon = 1.62 N / kg (kasithupha eliwumhlaba ngaphansi);
• Neptune = 13.5 N / kg (izikhathi cishe nengxenye ephakeme kunaleyo emhlabeni);
• Mars = 3.73 N / kg (ngaphansi izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka ezimbili nesigamu kunenkulumo iplanethi);
• Saturn = 10,44 N / kg;
• Mercury = 3.7 N / kg;
• Venus = 8.8 N / kg;
• Uranus = 9.8 N / kg (cishe efanayo neyethu);
• Jupiter = 24 N / kg (izikhathi mayelana emibili nengxenye ngaphezulu).