Nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo - ukuthi kuyini lokhu? Izibonelo nokwenziwa kanye dissimilation ngokwemvelo

Nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo - inqubo odlala indima ebalulekile isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene we eziphilayo. Kuyini lokhu? Ake sithi udla ukudla namuhla, ukuze uthole ethile namandla. Kodwa wake wacabanga yini ukuthi ukudla uthola kusukela ipuleti kuseli? Uma okuya ngasethunjini, umzimba wakho uqala ukuba ngivule ukudla ngesikhathi ukugaya, zikwazi ukuthola izakhi futhi ihambisa ukuba amaseli ngesikhathi nokwenziwa, lapho esetshenziselwa ekukhuleni kanye nokulungiswa.

Kwenzekani ngemuva kokudla?

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukugaya kanye nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ake siqale sibheke indlela thina ekugayeni ukudla okuvamile. Cabangela lokhu njengendlela cheeseburger. Phakathi mastication kwenzeka maceration, ukugaya nokuhlanganisa turning bolus ukudla, okuyinto bese sahamba ngokusebenzisa kuqhoqhoqho kuya esiswini, esesikhundleni acid eqinile kanye enzyme ukuwuchitha ngaphandle.

Carbohydrate kanye amaprotheni (inyama kanye Bun) uqale ukugaya ngaphambi kwanoma ubani omunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emathunjini amancane, amafutha (ushizi) uqale ukugoqwa izingxenye zawo ngamanye okuthiwa ama-fatty acid. Okwamanje, eziswini cheeseburger igcwaliswe. Manje sekuyisikhathi sokwetshisa umsoco umzimba wakho sitholwa.

Absorption izakhi

Absorption kwezakhi Kwenziwa emathunjini amancane, lapho unikezwa lugs ezincane, ezibizwa ngokuthi microvilli. La mangqamuzana ezibalulekile kuthathe nezakhi emathunjini Ziphampa kube igazi, azikhulule kubo emzimbeni. Ukuze uqonde le nqubo, ake sibheke kahle indlela siyagwinyeka carbohydrate.

Ngesikhathi ama-carbohydrate eziqukethwe Bun hamburger, ukufinyelela emathunjini amancane, abahlukaniswe basuke phansi zibe ushukela, ezaziwa ngokuthi yi-glucose. Microvilli aqukethe amaphampu elincane ncela ke kusukela inesikhala emathunjini, futhi uzizwa eshukumiseleka ukuba amaseli ayo EPITHELIAL. Nokho, ukuthi ushukela abazenza lonke umzimba, kufanele ungene ukusakaza igazi. Olunye uhlangothi lamaseli emathunjini EPITHELIAL unesinye futha olawula glucose e imithambo yegazi ezungeze ukuba amathumbu.

glucose omningi egazini kungabangela izingozi ezinkulu, ngakho-ingxenye yayo silethwa isibindi yokugcina. Amaseli walo mzimba ezibalulekile ukugcina ushukela ngokweqile njengoba glycogen. Kusuka lapho, i-glucose silethwa wonke amaseli emzimbeni, okuyinto ukuyisebenzisa ukudala amandla yeselula noma ATP, okwakudingeka bahlangabezane zonke izidingo amaseli bese umzimba iyonke. Umsoco - akusiwona into kuphela lokho kuyadingeka ukuze umzimba wahlala enempilo. Kubaluleke kakhulu iyona eyanele amanzi.

Nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo - ukuthi kuyini lokhu?

I abatholako ongizalayo inhlanganisela izinqubo ezimbili, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho amaseli zilethwa izakhamzimba. Eyokuqala ihilela ukumuncwa amavithamini, amaminerali kanye namanye amakhemikhali kusukela ukudla. Kubantu, lokhu kwenziwa nge ngokomzimba (ukuhlafuna womlomo nowesisu ukuphehla) nokwehliswa chemical (enzyme acid). Inqubo yesibili ngokuthi bioassimilation, ushintsho amakhemikhali izinto egazini, isibindi noma cell uketshezi.

Nokwenziwa kanye dissimilation eziphilayo

Dissimilation kwezinto eziphilayo nenqubo yokubola ka organic compounds (amaphrotheni, amafutha, carbohydrate, futhi t. D.) Ngakolunye into elula. Unity nokwenziwa kanye dissimilation inikeza ukushintshana izinto namandla, okuyinto legumbi ukuphila futhi ihlinzeka sokuvuselela okuqhubekayo izinto eziningi eziphilayo konke ukuphila umjikelezo umzimba sika.

Dissimilation ngezitshalo nangezilwane eziphilayo

Dissimilation ezitshalweni kungumongo umzimba eziningana izinqubo, kuhlanganise kwezimila futhi glycolysis. Ukukhululwa wamandla asetshenziswa futhi umphumela kilelihlelo ludingeka khona izimpawu ezibalulekile. Phakathi imikhiqizo yokugcina dissimilation ehola isikhundla elalihlala amanzi, carbon dioxide igesi kanye ammonia.

Uma izilwane mikhiqizo ngesikhatsi isitoreji ukuma ngaphandle, the dioxide carbon ezitshalweni (hhayi ngokugcwele) kanye ammonia ezisetshenziswa biosynthesis of udaba eziphilayo futhi kukhona impahla eluhlaza for ukumuncwa. Ukugxila icubungula dissimilation izitshalo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isiphi isigaba sayo yonke ontogeny nomzimba incike nezinye izici eziningana.

Izibonelo nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo

Umthombo oyinhloko wamandla kubo bonke ukuphila emhlabeni kuyinto emisebeni yelanga. Zonke izinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni zingahlukaniswa zibe Autotrophic futhi heterotrophic. iqembu Okokuqala - kuyinto ogxile izitshalo eziluhlaza, olukwazi ukushintsha zamandla akhishwa imisebe yalo ukusuka elangeni futhi photosynthesis ukuthola organic compounds kusuka izinto wezinto ezingaphili.

Nezinye izinto eziphilayo kuyisiphazamiso, ngaphandle ezinye izilokazane ezincane chweba amandla esebenzisa zamakhemikhali eziningi kakhulu ukugaya udaba eziphilayo kakade kwakhiwa futhi wasebenzisa njengoba umthombo energy noma njengendlela material kwesakhiwo akha imizimba. Isikhathi lapho kukhona nokwenziwa amaningi asebenzayo futhi okukhulu kwezinto eziphilayo - iyona esemncane izilwane yokukhula izitshalo.

Umzimba: ubunye izinqubo ezimbili

Umzimba ubunye izinqubo ezimbili: nokwenziwa kanye dissimilation. Mastering yinani lika izinqubo kwendalo eziphilayo ndaba: abatholako izidakamizwa ngokufaka umzimba kusuka imvelo, ukwakheka eziyinkimbinkimbi chemical compounds kusuka okulula nokunye. Nokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo - inchubo lapho amaseli usebenzisa izinto ezahlukene siguqulelwa eziphilayo ndaba. Dissimilation - ukubhujiswa ophilayo ndaba, uguge nokwehliswa kwesithunzi izinto kuseli amasiko, ikakhulukazi amaprotheni compounds. Nokwenziwa (izibonelo ngokwemvelo - photosynthesis, nitrogen nenkanuko edlulele zenhlabathi, izakhi abatholako ngesikhathi ukugaya) kanye dissimilation ongenakuzihlukanisa. Ukuba yingcweti izinqubo ihambisane nohlelo ukwa ukwanda, nakho, kwasusa nokwenziwa.