HCT e segazi: uthola izingane, amadoda, abesifazane. Lisho ukuthini-HCT ekuhlolweni igazi?

Ukuqhuba jikelele kwegazi ngesikhathi yokwelapha yokuqala ye isiguli udokotela isikhathi eside iye kuyinsakavukela e izifo. Liphinde ngokuvamile kulinganiselwa HCT egazini ukuhlaziywa kule ngane. Idatha okuholela angaphansi ukuhlolwa okubanzi lapho ngamunye isilinganiso ngabanye lulodwa ulwazi.

Hematocrit ithwala ulwazi kuphela mayelana ivolumu kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Inani zokwazisa HCT inkomba e ukuhlaziywa nagazi akunakulidla kubhekwe todvwa lonke izinkomba. Kufanele eyayihambisana ulwazi inombolo, ifomu kanye nokuqukethwe elithwala umoya-mpilo kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Inani hematocrit kubalulekile sitholakele anemias ahlukahlukene.

Kuyini hematocrit?

Hematocrit noma hematocrit, ingenye izinkomba ibalwa kulolu cwaningo kohlaziyo yegazi. Hematocrit - isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu kuya Imininingwane igazi ivolumu emzimbeni. Symbol ngefomu HCT e ukuhlolwa igazi.

Igama elifingqiwe "hematocrit" evela isibani igama analyzer isifundo. Enye igama ukuthi kufanelekile hematocrit kuyinto "ukuminyana". Eminye imithombo kuchazwa njengoba ingxenye yawo wonke amaseli ingqikithi igazi ivolumu.

Ngokubukeka, lesi sibalo kungaba azimisele ngokugcwalisa tube lube negazi elincane. Uma upha, kungenzeka ukubona izingqimba ezimbili - ungqimba ezitokisini ezimnyama elikhanyayo imali ungqimba plasma yegazi. Amaphesenti izingqimba ngeke esondele ukubala isibonelo inombolo oyifunayo.

Lisho ukuthini-HCT ekuhlolweni igazi? Lokhu hematocrit, okuyinto inquma lizinga abomvu egazi ashaye Imininingwane, lapho-akhawunti 99% bona.

Kubalwa nokubhala hematocrit

Ngaphansi kwezimo zelabhorathri, esibaliwe iphesenti ratio erythrocyte. Ukubala wenziwa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalela laboratory analyzer. Kwezinye laboratories, abasebenza onobuhle angaphandle, HCT inkomba ekucubunguleni kwegazi kulinganiswa njengoba ilitha ilitha.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlaziywa ofanayo amabalazwe ezahlukene:

• irekhodi wathola: 35%;
• Record imodeli Western: 0.35 l / l.

Kuthiwani uma HCT kuhlolo igazi kwehlisa? Ngeziphambeko kusukela izinkomba evamile ukubonisa izinguquko belinani kwengoma.

Kanjani ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa HCT?

Ukuze kulungiswe ukuhlaziywa yabonisa hematocrit, isiguli kumele zithobele imithetho ethile:

• ukubeka eceleni notshwala ngelanga ngegazi;
• angazidli ngoba 24 amahora, amafutha, inyama, ukudla okuthosiwe,
• ukubeka eceleni ukubhema;
• ngosuku ukuhlaziya akuyona, amanzi eziningi ezincane kuvunyelwe;
• ukuba ungakhathazeki futhi ugweme ukuzivocavoca;
• uma ungeke uyenze ngaphandle ibhulakufesi (izifo, ukukhulelwa), ungafaka noma insima elungisiwe phezu kwamanzi noma apula, itiye ababuthakathaka ngaphandle ushukela.

Le mithetho kuvimbela udokotela lesiguli amahora angu-24 ngaphambi ukuhlaziya.

Lapho ukuhlaziywa sikhombisa hematocrit?

hematocrit Ukufundwa kubalulekile lapho:

• anemias - I-ukwehla Imininingwane emazingeni elithwala umoya-mpilo;
• polycythemia - amazinga okweqa abomvu egazi, isifo esivamile asebekhulile, kuyaqabukela - abadala nezingane;
• poliglobulii - isamba ngokweqile amaprotheni;
• ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha uketshezi lomzimba;
• bleedings ahlukahlukene.

Ukunqunywa hematocrit kungaba nesidingo uma ukuqapha ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene igazi isimo jikelele isiguli ngesikhathi imisebenzi ukumpontshelwa noma isebenzisa umshini wezinso.

Kangakanani uvivinye hematocrit?

Kuthatha indawo Isampula yegazi evela umunwe lesiguli, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthatha ukuhlaziywa kusuka emthanjeni. Igazi ibekwa negabha-hematocrit olukhethekile, ungeze reagent okuyinto ayikuvumeli ukuba ihlule.

Hematocrit efakiwe endaweni Centrifuge laboratory ngokuhlukana - ukwehlukana izingqimba. Ukujikeleza Rapid eyenza amangqamuzana ngoyisiwula kusinda abomvu izinze. Isisindo emva kokwelashwa ihlukaniswe izingqimba ezintathu:

• Lower - yakhiwa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
• Okulingene - of leukocyte nama-platelet.
• Upper - iqukethe plasma.

I hematocrit kunqunywa njengoba iphesenti izingqimba. Manje kakhudlwana futhi kabanzi ngocwaningo wocwaningo esetshenziswa analyzers othomathikhi.

Ukuqaqa futhi sihlaziye HCT nokuhlaziywa igazi maqondana nezinye izinkomba kufanele udokotela kuphela.

Imikhuba ye hematocrit ezinganeni, abesilisa nabesifazane

Ukuguquguquka of hematocrit kubonisa ezingeni lokuhlushwa igazi (kuze kufike yena ohlukanisile). Inombolo hematocrit linencazelo elahlukile amadoda, abesifazane nezingane. Ngakho, yini okufanele ukubaluleka HCT e ukuhlolwa igazi? Uthola izingane ngokweminyaka yazo eyehlukene zimi kanje:

1. ezingu-1-3 - 45 kuya 67%.
2. izinsuku ezingu-30 - kusukela 31 kuya 55%, kungakhethelekile ukuthi ungowesifazane.
3. ezingu-180 - kusukela 32,5 kuya 41%, kungakhethelekile ukuthi ungowesifazane.
4. izinyanga 24 - kusukela 32,5 kuya 41% for abafana.
5. izinyanga 24 - kusukela 31.5 kuya 41% for girls.
6. iminyaka 6 - kusuka 31 kuya 40.5% for abafana.
7. iminyaka 6 - kusuka 27 kuya 40.5% for girls.

Ngoba abantu bayokuba HCT ezahlukene ukuhlaziywa igazi. Kuyinsakavukela ukuba amadoda:

1. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 kuya ku-50 - kusukela 38 kuya 49%.
2. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-50 kuya 65 - kusukela 37.5% kuya 49,5%.

Ukuze abesifazane, libhekene Inkomba ayo HCT e ukuhlolwa igazi. Izinga uyabazisa abesifazane:

1. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 kuya ku-50 - 33 kuya ku-45%.
2. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-50 kuya 65 - kusukela 34 kuya 46%.

Izizathu hematocrit okwandisa

A hematocrit omkhulu ebonwe izifo nemibandela umzimba, kubangelwa ushintsho enanini lomsebenzi noma izinga kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu:

• ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha uketshezi lomzimba - amanzi emzimbeni;
• eritremii eyinhloko;
• peritonitis;
• isifo so-renal;
• izifo kwezitho zokuphefumula;
• izifo umnkantsha;
• ukusha ezihlukahlukene;
• ukukhubazeka inhliziyo nokuphazamiseka ohlelweni senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi;
• isimiso emathunjini;
• izifo ezahlukene igazi;
• zingahlukumezi isisu.

Inani eliphezulu Inkomba is ebonwe izinhlobo ezahlukene hypoxia futhi iyimpendulo okuvikela umzimba - nokwenze isibalo abomvu egazi ashaye nokwanda-hemoglobin kuqinisekisa ukulethwa efanele oxygen wonke amaseli.

hematocrit Ukwandiswa libonisa outflow abukhali uketshezi emzimbeni, noma ukwanda sokugembula kunombolo kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Uma izimpawu zezifo izinso usukela negazi, kukhuphuke hematocrit ingaqinisekisa wegazi noma isimila ku izinso.

Ukwanda kwenani kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu kungenzeka lenyuka umnkantsha umsebenzi - leso sifo okuthiwa i-erythema. Izimpawu zesifo kukhona isikhumba obomvu nezandla. Hematocrit kumele kubhekwe ngokuhlanganyela nezinye izinkomba walokho okubomvu egazi - ESR, umbala Inkomba kwegazi.

Ingabe ezitholakele ababhemayo, nezakhamuzi izindawo sezintaba, abaqwali, abantu abaphethwe izifo zamaphaphu.

Izinkomba hematocrit ngezansi evamile

hematocrit okuphansi kunqunywa ezingeni ngezansi 20%. nokwehla okunjalo kubonisa khona igazi nezinye pathologies lapho ivolumu ketshezi labashone kwengoma.

HCT ukuhlolwa igazi kwehlisa kule mibandela elandelayo:

• sokukhulelwa - anda plasma Imininingwane ebe egcina obomvu yengqamuzana;
• njalo blood donation;
• anemias - Ukwehla hematocrit kuyinto isiqinisekiso eyinhloko isifo;
• izinhlobo ezahlukene ubuthi - toadstool okhanyayo, esindayo zensimbi;
• pathologies kwezinso bulking amanzi amathonya emthanjeni ekwelashweni kwabo;
• izilonda ahlukahlukene isibindi okubangela lokuhlushwa sokugembula amaprotheni emzimbeni nokubuyisa umswakama;
• ukopha bemvelo ezahlukene - nenani igazi emzimbeni agcwaliswa ne-plasma, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ungazange walulama okwamanje;
• ukutheleleka ezinzima - imfiva, umalaleveva.

Nakuba ethize yesibili ukubaluleka hematocrit, ngeziphambeko zayo ezicijile kusuka kuyinsakavukela eyobonisa kuhlolisiswe ngaphezulu kahle isiguli.