Hermit ehlathini. Life of unkom 'idlayodwa ehlathini

Ngo-1978, ngesikhathi flyby Geological Sayan ehlathini, e elaliphansi kwamagquma Altai pilot ikhombe ehlathini zasendle futhi obukhulu, eduze komfula entabeni Erinat ezweni esingalazi. Wakhumbuza umhlaba kutshalwa kusuka engadini. lapha Ngempela, kude impucuko, abantu baphile? Kamuva ukuhlola le ngxenye Sayan iqembu lezazi zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba wathola Lykov.

In the press imibiko yokuqala mayelana ukutholakala zomkhaya Hermits uvele 1980. Lokhu utshele iphephandaba ukuthi "Imboni Socialist", kamuva - "Krasnoyarsk isisebenzi". Futhi ngo-1982, ochungechungeni lwezingxenye echaza ukuphila ehlathini, uvele "I-Komsomolskaya Pravda". Ukuba khona umndeni Lykov wafunda lonke elaseSoviet Union.

umlando umndeni

kweminyaka engu-40 Hermits ongcwele, babiza njengoba cindezela zabo, iqhutshwe kude esiqinile. Ekuqaleni Lykovs wahlala kwelinye lamalokishi Old Amakholwa, okuyinto kwakungeyona into engavamile ezindaweni ezikude Abakan River. Ngo-20-yalolucwaningo samandla lamaSoviet laqala ukungena emagumbini ezikude eSiberia, futhi inhloko yomkhaya, uCarl Osipovich, zinquma ukuhoxisa nakakhulu phakathi kuleli hlathi. Lykov umkhaya ngaleso sikhathi lalinabashumayeli abantu 4. Umyeni wakhe walandela umkakhe Akulina nezingane ezimbili - Savin oneminyaka engu-11 ubudala futhi Natalia engu-4 ubudala.

okungokwayo Simple zilayishwe ngomkhumbi ukuthi udonse ozala ukuthutheleka Abakan, Erinatu, usebenzisa izindophi njengoba haulers. I ngababaleki sasikhathazeka ngakho ukuze uthole kude ezweni elinenzondo lokho akuzange kuwumise indlela yabo amasonto 8. Abantwana ababili abancane - Dmitry futhi Agatha - azalelwa atihambi todvwa.

Isikhathi sokuqala esuka kubantu babengawafihli, wahlala obala. Kodwa ngo-1945 Zaimka weza onogada, ukuphishekela ababehlubukele. Lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu umndeni ukuhoxisa nakakhulu phakathi kuleli hlathi.

Izizathu indiza

Yini eyakwenza Lykovs abalekele futhi baphila 'njengabafokazi unkom' idlayodwa ehlathini? Ekhulwini le-17 uqhekeko iphutha ngenxa yezinguquko isonto e Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia. Umfundisi omkhulu wesonto Nikon, indoda ezinzima futhi afune isikhundla esithile, wanquma ukuhlanganisa amasiko esonto futhi abangenise umugqa ne WaseByzantium. Nokho, uMbuso WaseByzantium ngesikhathi isikhathi eside engazange abe khona, futhi amehlo inzalamizi babubheka to the Greeks, njengoba inzalo oqondile isiko lasendulo. isonto ngesiGreki ngaleso sikhathi uye washintsha eziningi ngaphansi kwethonya Turkish.

Ngenxa yalokho yezinguquko benza izinguquko eziningi imicikilisho. Traditional iminwe emibili ngemvume luyingxenye haleluya kanye-kwesiphambano eziyisishiyagalombili atholakele yokungamhloniphi uNkulunkulu, nangenxa sazilahla entsha imicikilisho yokusebenzelana nabantu babe kwakuzondeka. Yaqala ukushushiswa abantu abaningi base-Amakholwa Old. Ngenxa yalokhu ushushiso, abaningi babalekela kude iziphathimandla futhi ihlelwe ikamu labo siqu, lapho ayengase agcine lemikhuba nezinkolelo zawo. Uhulumeni omusha Soviet yabuye yaqala bacindezele Amakholwa Old, futhi abaningi baye badlulela ngisho nakakhulu kubantu.

ukwakheka umndeni

Lykov umndeni lalinabashumayeli abantu abayisithupha: Karp Osipovich nomkakhe Akulina Karpovna nezingane zabo - Savin, Natalia, Dmitry, Agatha. Kuze kube manje, wasinda Indodakazi encane kuphela.

Hermit emahlathini wahlanganyela kwezolimo, ekudobeni nokuzingela. Anosawoti inyama kanye nenhlanzi, Stocking up for ubusika. Umndeni amasiko abo, zigweme ukuthintana nezwe elingaphandle. Akulina wafundisa izingane ukufunda nokubhala, Karp Osipovich kwaholela ikhalenda. Hermits eNgcwele ehunyushwe amasevisi asekhaya. Ilungu ngalinye lomkhaya kuye kwadingeka indawo yayo umphakathi omncane, uhlamvu yayo siqu. Sitshele kancane kabanzi mayelana ngamunye.

Karp Osipovich

Umholi zemvelo. Ezweni wayeyoba usihlalo epulazini noma ifektri abakhulu ngokuhlanganyela. Kanzima ehlukile, beqiniseka. Iba ngowokuqala ukuba yinhloko - oluwubuqu bakhe. Wayehola umphakathi amancane isandla engaguquguquki eqondisa wonke amalungu alo.

I elinezinkathazo 30-yalolucwaningo wathatha isinqumo esinzima - ukuba ubalekele abantu. Ehlathini akuzange kumesabise. Ngoba indoda ngokuthobeka walandela ashade naye nezingane zakhe. Kubo, Karp Osipovich kwaba igunya okunjalo kuzo zonke. Nguye owakhuluma ngendlela ukubuza kahle, yini nalapho ukudla, kanjani ukusebenza futhi kuhlobene. Izingane wambiza ngokuthi "Baba" futhi unquestioningly balalela.

isikhundla sayo Karp Osipovich asekelwe. Wayegqoke isigqoko omude kamus amadodana futhi sibe izigqoko, efana a klobluk wezindela ngendwangu. Ezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi uyise umndeni akuyona wanelisa zikholelwa ngokuphelele ukuba amanye amalungu omndeni.

Ngisho nasekugugeni, ixhegu kwaba ngamandla. Yena ngenkuthalo ukuxhumana izivakashi, asesabi entsha. Ngaphandle kokwesaba wangena indiza, wafundiswa umsakazo kanye nezinye izinto silethwe zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba. Wayefuna ukuthi "abantu uyosongoza." Ukubona izindiza ezihambayo izinkanyezi (iziphuphutheki), yena akangabazanga ukuthi lena kwinto yami enhle kakhulu zomhlaba. Ngo-February 1988, Karp Osipovich wafa.

Akulina Karpovna

Lykovs e yehlathi baphila kukho konke ukuphila kwabo, futhi owokuqala kwesokunxele kuleli zwe unina umndeni. Ngokwemibiko ethile, lona wesifazane ozalwa edolobhaneni Altai Bei. Nakuba namanje ingane, wafunda ukufunda nokubhala. Lolu lwazi wanika yena nezingane zakhe. Abafundi ubhale birch namagxolo, esikhundleni inki usebenzisa umpe Honeysuckle, futhi isibambo - ecijile.

Laliyini leli owesifazane, nezingane ebulawa ukunakekelwa ngemva umyeni wakhe kubantu? Kwadingeka zidlule eziningi ukuhlolwa ukuze alondoloze ukholo lwawo. Nganhliziyonye Karp Osipovich yena ngadonsa isikebhe kanye konke enakho ukuze iphile njengomuntu unkom 'idlayodwa eSiberia. Yena oqoshiwe ukhuni, zasiza ekwakheni indlu, usiphule iziphunzi, umbe sela, yena badoba futhi batshala amazambane, ukubukela engadini, ekhaya. Yena amakhosi izingubo wonke umndeni, ovuthayo isitofu walungisa ukudla. Walala ekukhuliseni izingane ezine.

Akulina Karpovna bashona ngo-1961 indlala ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile. Lapho esezokufa, yonke imicabango yakhe ayesezohlubuka isiphetho izingane.

Dmitry

uthunjana. Wayengekhona fanatically yenkolo, kodwa wathandazela zonke. Uthando lwakhe kweqiniso, futhi indlu ehlathini. Nature Izimfihlo ebuntwaneni uyakuthanda kuye, wayazi zonke izilwane, imikhuba yabo, imizila. Sikhula, ngaqala ukubamba nezilwane. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuphila ehlathini waqhutshwa ngaphandle izikhumba efudumele futhi inyama okunomsoco.

Hunter ubelokhu ngokuphawulekayo okuhlala njalo. Wayezokwenza umbe usuku lonke ukudoba imigodi noma jaha izinyamazane sidabula bengafaké zicathulo iqhwa, balala ebusika ehlathini. Ubunjalo indoda kwakunguNk ezinhle, ukuthula-onothando. Nge umkhaya wayo, cishe alikho ingxabano, ngokuzithandela uhlaziyo yimuphi umsebenzi. Wayesebenza ukhuni, birch namagxolo ukwelukwa sezinsaba.

Eminqubeni izazi zokuma komhlaba Dmitry wavakashela njalo futhi wamukelekile. Ikakhulukazi umxhwele yokusaha wakhe - umsebenzi lapho-ke kwakudingekile ukuba ahlale usuku olulodwa, umshini senziwe imizuzu.

Ngo-October 1981, umndeni Lykov kubika ekamu ukuthi Dmitry ogulayo. Ngokusho ukuchaza khona udokotela phakathi izazi zokuma komhlaba waqaphela ukuthi bekuyingelosi inyumoniya, wazicelela. Nokho, unkom 'idlayodwa wenqaba. Lapho umndeni ebuyela ekhaya, Dmitry kwakungekho ukuphefumula eside. Washona wedwa esitezi eqhugwaneni amancane.

Savin

Indodana endala kwaba zenkolo futhi eqinile. Wayeyindoda ezinzima, ngubani wehluleka amakhefu. Hhayi ubude kakhulu, ngesilevu encane, Savin kwaba esivaliwe futhi uyazidla.

Wafundisa yena ukushuka inyamazane i-moose, abomvu, wakwazi thunga wonke ukukhanya umndeni amabhuzu. Ngaphambi kwalokho, lo laseSiberia ehlathini Hermits egqoka galoshes amagxolo. Savin waphakamisa futhi baqala imisebenzi ezincane ukunganakwa, omema ukugula. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ukungezwani emndenini.

Kodwa ukungqubuzana main kwaba kwesinye. Savin ukuthi abashisekela inkolo yafuna yimikhaya mkhosi ngokucophelela zindlela, ukudla, amadili. Wakhulisa umndeni ukuthandaza ebusuku, ukufunda izincwadi zenkolo, futhi ngangazi zeBhayibheli ngenhliziyo.

Njengoba zikhula Savin waqala ukufuna kobuholi bomkhaya, waqala ukuze afundise futhi elungile ubudala nobaba. Karp Osipovich lokhu ayikwazanga ukuvumela lokhu abamisa indodana yakhe. Le ndoda endala wayazi ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi kobukhulu indodana yakhe zonke ngeke kube lula.

Edolobhaneni izazi zokuma komhlaba owamazibulo kulandelwe ngokucophelela angawendlu. Wazizwa isingeniso lelizwe elinesono, njalo ukudansela isiginci sakhe: "Asivunyelwe" Ingabe elikahle kakhulu futhi isithakazelo esisha yena nomfowabo omncane, uDmitry.

Ngemva kokufa Dmitry Savin wehla. Esebenzisa isihluku esiswini ukugula. Wayefanele aphathwe, baphuze utshani ukuba aqambe amanga, kodwa ngenkani waphuma kanye nabendlu sokumba amazambane. Ngase ngiwa iqhwa ekuseni. udade kaNatalia yayihlezi eceleni kwendlela nesineke, ukuzama ukusiza, ukuze anakekele. Lapho Savin eshona, owesifazane othile wathi, futhi, babeyokufa bokudabuka.

Natalia

Natalia nodadewabo omncane ayefana ncamashi. Natalia kwaba Agafi ummeli wesifazane. Ngemva kokushonelwa unina, yonke imisebenzi zesifazane bawela indodakazi endala, owalwa esikhundleni abafowethu nodadewethu salowo oshonile. Wafunda sifake bese bethunga izingubo. phetho wakhe kwaba ukondla, ukuze sheathe, aphathe umndeni ukugcina ukuthula phakathi emakhaya. Kodwa ake uzwe ukuthi okubi kuye, sina awazange aqonde ukuthi owesifazane kwehle kahle.

Emngcwabeni Savina Natalya ngawa siyingcuba futhi washona izinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva kokufa yomfowabo. Amazwi okugcina ayebhekiswe udadewabo omncane, "Mina likuhawukele. Omunye kwesokunxele ... ".

Agatha

Barefoot, grubby, ukubuyisa, nge inkulumo ongaziwa welulela, yena kuqala ukhumbuza crazy. Kodwa, ejwayele isitayela zokuxhumana, uyazi ukuthi owesifazane akuyona lokwenele futsi balahlekelwa amakhono emphakathini. emhlabeni wakhe wonke kwakuba endaweni encane ehlathini.

Owesifazane ezibhekele ngokugcwele bona, uyakwazi ukupheka, ukuthunga, umsebenzi ngembazo. Yena uthanda ehlathini ikhishi ingadi encane futhi.

Bekanye Dmitriem Agafya engena ukhuni, ekubambeni marals Burke isidumbu omisiwe futhi inyama. Uyazi imikhuba yezilwane, ezidliwayo kanye amakhambi okwelapha.

Njengoba lomncane kanye inkumbulo abukhali, wasiza Savin ezinsukwini ngokubala. Leli cala kwakubaluleke kakhulu kwabathembekile, ngoba sibonga ikhalenda eqondile ukuze bagcine ukudla, umkhosi. Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho kwakukhona ukudideka, wonke amalungu omkhaya babekhathalela kakhulu, ukubuyisela kathisha kwesikhathi buyiyona nto ebaluleke kunazo zonke. inkumbulo okukhulu Agafi ezincane basiza kabusha inkambo imicimbi kanye ikhalenda kwafika izazi zokuma komhlaba amazed ngenxa yokunemba kwayo. Uma kubalwa izikhathi kusuke kwenziwa ngokwenqubo lasendulo, kusukela ku-Adamu (kusukela ekudalweni kwemhlaba).

ukuphila

Life of unkom 'idlayodwa ehlathini owawuse eqhugwaneni ngebhange sentaba emfuleni inflow Erinat, endaweni ekude le emajukujukwini, endaweni zasendle.

On isilwane amathrekhi bemba ukudoba imigodi, bese omisiwe inyama ebusika. Fish sabanjwa emfuleni, kudliwa eluhlaza, wabhaka phezu komlilo yomiswa. Kuvuna amajikijolo, amakhowe namantongomane.

Ingadi wakhula amazambane, ibhali, ukolweni, turnips, anyanisi, uphizi. izindwangu Nokwelukiweyo eyenziwe Hemp ukunikeza ngokwabo nge izingubo.

Hermit ehlathini wenza umnotho ezicatshangwe kahle. Vegetable engadini yayisethafeni eqeleni at slant, futhi kuhlukaniswe kathathu. Izitshalo yatshalwa ngokwezidingo zabo begazi. Amazambane kungukuthi isikhule endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, okungahambisani zilulaza isivuno. Ukuze lonke isitshalo usumisiwe ngokushintshana. Tifo letibangwa ukufika is hhayi ezisengozini.

Ukulungiswa kohlelo imbewu balandela ngokucophelela. Expanded kubo endaweni ekhethekile, ukutshala izinsuku abangu ngokuqinile waphawula. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale nezilimo eziyizigaxa kwabathinta.

Impumelelo ukulima kungaqinisekiswa ngokuthola yokuthi ezihlukahlukene amazambane, okuyinto wanda ngezinga umndeni iminyaka engu-50, akuzange wafa nje kuphela, kodwa kuye kwaba ngcono. Ngo lykovskom amazambane isitashi futhi wokuqukethwe lelisetulu ndaba ezomile.

Ukwazi lutho mayelana chemistry biology, efaka umquba ezweni ngamasiko nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, Lykovs yimpumelelo e ingadi. Amahlamvu, efihlekile, amakhambi kuyaye kuthiwe elapha esetshenziswa zalisa entwasahlobo Hemp, nemifino esitolo umlotha. Inkuthalo futhi ulwazi kwasiza ekwenzeni ukuba basinde Hermits.

Hermit ehlathini ukwenza ngaphandle kukasawoti, ngokwenza umlilo usebenzisa Flint futhi flints.

udumo

Ngo-1982, cishe Lykov ayekubhalile izihloko eziningana ephephandabeni "I-Komsomolskaya Pravda". Umbhali lezi zinto, intatheli Vasily Peskov, okujwayele Zaimka wafaka kokuma lakhe encwadini "ehlathini kwangqingetshe."

Ohlangothini yezokwelapha omkhaya ngangibuka udokotela nazarov Igor Pavlovich. Wasikisela ukuthi imbangela yokufa of Lykov esincane sasikanye ukuntuleka amasosha omzimba ukuba amagciwane eziningi zanamuhla ngenxa yokuntuleka ukuxhumana nezwe ngaphandle. Lokhu kuye kwaholela nenyumoniya. Okuvelayo wakhe ukuba ahambele umndeni wachaza encwadini yakhe "ehlathini unkom 'idlayodwa."

Agatha namuhla

Naphezu uyise sokuvinjelwa, Agatha uqala uhambo impucuko, kodwa namanje wabuyela ehlathini. Ngo-1988, omncane umndeni Lykov ngedwa. Ngokwa ke yakha ikhaya elisha. Ngo-1990, yena ubezama ukujoyina nunnery, kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi satholana ibuyisela ekuphileni yakhe yangaphambili.

owesifazane wanamuhla basahlala angu-300 ukusuka kusukela yokuhlala eliseduze. Iziphathimandla kwamsiza ukuthola ipulazi. Ngezinye Zaimka manje uhlala izimbuzi, izinkukhu, inja namakati 9. Ngezinye izikhathi, it is wavakashelwa izazi zokuma komhlaba futhi ulethe izinto ezidingekayo. Nginayo i Engakholwa Old nomakhelwane - sesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba, Erofei Gray, omunye wabantu bokuqala onikele ukuxhumana nomndeni impucuko. nezihlobo ezikude baye banikeza owesifazane ukuhambisa e nabantu ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa wenqaba.

nezinye Hermits

Lykov icala umndeni asigcini. Umkhaya wethu ngibe usaziwayo ngenxa esixoxa kabanzi emaphephandabeni ngenxa kuhambele intatheli. Hermits ezihlala ehlathini iminyaka, kukhona zezindela imfihlo ngasese ehlala abantu abaye kude impucuko njengoba ufisa. Abaningi eSiberia nasemizaneni akude ezikhona ngokuzimela ngokuphelele.