I-Lotus nut-bearing: incazelo ngesithombe

Izimbali zalesi sitshalo minyaka yonke ziheha izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Kusuka eThailand exotic, Japan, China kuya esifundeni sase-Astrakhan. Ngisho nezinkambo ezikhethekile nezokuvakasha zihlelekile. Izimbali ezinkulu zeqhwa noma ezimhlophe ze - lotus ezithinta izithelo zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa lo mboniso awunakuqhathaniswa.

I-Lotus nut-bearing: incazelo

Lezi zinhlobo zichazwa ngokuthi isitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside se-herbaceous amphibian esivela emndenini weLotus kanye negama legama elifanayo. It has a rhizome, eyayisondelene neziqu ezincane ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezinqunywe emhlabathini. Lesi sitshalo singokwezinhlobo zezilwane ezishisayo, ngakho-ke asikhathalele kuphela izitshalo ze-botanist. I-lotus enika izithelo inezinhlobo ezimbili zamaqabunga: izilinganiso ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi zihamba noma ziphakeme ngaphezu kwamanzi. Unomumo ojikelezayo, owenziwe nge-funnel kanye nama-petioles amade aguquguqukayo, ububanzi bufinyelela ku-50-70 cm. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlaza ahlanganiswe ngengubo enama-dense aminyene futhi, ngenxa yalokho, awanamanzi, futhi amaconsi amanzi aphuma kuwo.

I-lotus iqala nini futhi nini?

Esinye sezici ezithinta kakhulu ezine-lotus enomsoco (isithombe ngenhla) yizimbali zayo. Zikhulu kakhulu (25-30 cm ububanzi) futhi ziyamangalisa. Ngaphezulu kwamanzi avuka phezu kwe-pedicel eqondile, anesisindo esikhulu esilandelayo esizungezwe yizinqwaba zamagundane we- pink hue (ezinhlotsheni ezihlwanyelwe - ezimhlophe), phakathi nendawo kunezinhlobo eziningana ezikhanyayo eziphuzi. Imbali inephunga elimnandi elimnandi. Emigodini yezithelo ezivuna imbali zakhiwa - amantongomane (yilokho okubangela igama), cishe ubude obuyi-1.5 cm, banesisindo esincane, esine-woody.

I-Geography yokukhula

Insimu yesimanje yokukhula ikhulu kakhulu. I-Lotus nut nutrient ikhetha isimo sezulu esishisayo nomswakama ophezulu. Iningi lesitshalo lisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezifudumele nezishisayo zase-Asia (kuhlanganise neNdiya, iVietnam, i-Indonesia, i-Iran, iMyanmar, iThailand, iPhilippines, njll). E-Russia, i-lotus ingabonakala ezindaweni eziphansi eMfuleni i-Amur eMpumalanga Ekude, izitsha zomfula weZeya , Tunguska, Ussuri, Bureya, i-Puryatin Island, i-Prikhanka plain, ogwini lwezilwandle zase-Azov naseCaspian.

Indlela yokukhulisa i-lotus enomsoco?

Emasimini aseYurophu isimenywa esiyingqayizivele sabonakala kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Yayisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amachibi amancane, amachibi emoyeni, futhi uma isimo sezulu sivunyelwe - nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo. Mhlawumbe isitshalo esivusa amadlingozi kakhulu futhi esimangalisa kakhulu echibini yi-lotus ene-nutaceous. Ukulima okuvela imbewu kuyinto yangempela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi banekhono elimangalisayo lokuhluma ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-150 no-200 ngemuva kokuqoqwa.

Ukuze i-nutlet ihlume ngokushesha, igobolondo layo kufanele lixubane kancane nge-sandpaper noma i-saw blade, okungukuthi, kubangela ukulimala komshini. Bese ufaka imbewu embizeni yamanzi bese uyibeka endaweni enelanga. Inqubo yokuhluma iyamangalisa, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubona. Okokuqala, igobolondo elimnyama lezinambuzane ziyaqhuma, amaqabunga amancane aqala ukuvela ngamunye, futhi ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-20-25 - izimpande ezincane ziqala ukuvela.

Ukutshala i-lotus ye-nutty

Izitshalo ezincane zihlwanyelwe ezimbizeni bese zifakwa esitsheni samanzi, noma ngqo emgodini. Khumbula ukuthi amaqabunga angamaqabunga kufanele afinyelele phezulu. Ngaphezu kwendlela yokukhiqiza imbewu, kungenzeka futhi ukwehlukanisa i-rhizome. Noma ngabe ukhetha, udinga ukukwenza ngo-Mashi-Ephreli.

Ukuze uhlakulele i-lotus enikezela izakhi ezikhungweni ezivulekile zokufakelwa, inhlabathi ekhethekile ilungisiwe, okuyingxube ye-silt, isihlabathi kanye nenani elincane lohlula nobumba. Ezitsheni zokugcina izitshalo isitshalo sikhula ezimbizeni. Izinga eliphezulu lamanzi le-lotus lingama-30-40 cm. Kufanele libe lula, kuhlanzekile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ube nesihlungi, noma kuzodingeka ukuthi ufake ngezikhathi ezithile noma ubeke amanzi ngokuphelele.

Ukudoba okuyinhloko kokulima kulesimo sezulu. Ukhetha izindawo eziseningizimu lapho irayisi, amagilebhisi, amakhabe, njll ziziphatha kahle. Lesi sitshalo sinesitshalo eside. Uhlale efuna ukukhanya kwelanga, ukushisa, umswakama ophezulu nokushisa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kuka-25-30 ° C.

Umlando nezici ezikhawulayo

Amanothi okuqala ku-lotus enikezela izithelo njengomunye wabameleli be-Water-lily yenziwe ngeCar Linnaeus ngo-1753. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva (1763) isazi semvelo saseFrance uM. Adanson sithole izitshalo njengeqembu elihlukile. Manje i-genus imelelwa yizinhlobo ezimbili kuphela: i-lotus ene-nutaceous ne-American yellow.

I-Lotus yamakhulu eminyaka ihlonishwa emazweni amaningi (uma kungenjalo) aseNingizimu-East Asia njengesitshalo esingcwele. Wadlala indima ebalulekile emidlalweni ehlukahlukene, amasiko, namasiko. Ubufakazi balokhu yizikhumbuzo ezindala kunazo zonke zokwakha, izincwadi, ubuciko. E-India, umhlaba wethu wonke wawumelelwe ngesimo semifino enkulu ye-lotus, ehluma phezu kwamanzi. Onkulunkulu baboniswa njengehlezi noma bemi kulo. Kuze kube yilolu suku, amathempeli nezindawo ezingcwele zihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezimangalisayo ze-lotus, njengophawu lokuhlanzeka nokuhlonipha (emva kwakho konke, lukhula ngaphandle kwe-silt engcolile, kodwa luhlale lumhlophe ngesikhathi esifanayo).

ERussia, i-lotus enikezela izithelo ibhalwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book, esigabeni sezinhlobo ezingavamile. Izinto ezibangela ekunciphiseni kwabantu yilezi: ukuxoshwa nokungcola kwamagciwane amanzi, ukuqoqwa kwama-rhizomes nezimbali zokuhlobisa nokudla, ukwakhiwa kwamadamu.

Isicelo sezomnotho

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu abazange bahloniphe ubuhle be-lotus, kodwa futhi babesebenzisa ngenkuthalo ukudla kanye nemithi yokwelapha, njengenye yezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Abaphulukisi baseShayina balungiselela iziphakamiso ezivela kuwo iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu. Ubufakazi balokhu bufunyenwe ngesikhathi sokuthungwa kwe-Neolithic yokuhlala eBashidan (enye yeyokuqala e-China). Inani lalo alizange liqoqe izitshalo kuphela, i-lotus ethwala izithelo yayihlakulelwe ngokugcwele. Emazweni aseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia itshalwa futhi manje njengemifino. I-Rhizomes ecebile ngesitashi, idliwa ngama-abilisiwe, ethosiwe, eluhlaza noma e-marinated. Amaqabunga amancane asetshenziselwa okufanayo ukuze asparagus amahlumela. Imbewu yeshukela noma upheke ufulawa kubo. Ama-stalks aseLeaf anezinsimbi eziqinile eziqinile, ezisetshenziselwa ukugqoka, okuvela kuwo ama-wicks.

Inani lomuthi

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziye zasetshenziselwa ukwenza imithi. Noma kunjalo, eNdiya, eJapan nakwamanye amazwe, lokhu kuyiqiniso nanamuhla. Manje sekuye kwafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi i-lotus enezintambo (isithombe esingenhla) iqukethe ama-alkaloid amaningi nama-flavonoids. E-China, imbewu yayo iyingxenye yemithi engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-cardiotonic, tonic, yokudla kanye nokubuyisela.

I-lotus enikezela izakhi, enezindawo ezingasebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuhleleka kwemvelo, ingenye yezitshalo ezimbalwa zezinhlanga eziye zasinda nanamuhla. Yenziwa ngemvelo ukujabulisa nokuphulukisa abantu.